9. Study Sheds New Insights into
Global Warming "Hiatus“
Temporary slowdown in global average
surface temperature warming observed
between 1998 and 2013 represented a
redistribution of energy within the Earth
system, new research shows.
This news article was issued by the NASA
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the University
of Delaware, and the American
Geophysical Union (AGU) as a press
release on 22 November 2016.
Gan et al. (2019)
ממעבדות שפורסם מחקר
NASA עצירה יש כי מראה
הגלובלית בהתחממות
17. Biological responses to climate change have been widely documented across
taxa and regions, but it remains unclear whether species are maintaining a
good match between phenotype and environment, i.e. whether observed
trait changes are adaptive. Here we reviewed 10,090 abstracts and extracted
data from 71 studies reported in 58 relevant publications, to assess
quantitatively whether phenotypic trait changes associated with climate
change are adaptive in animals. A meta-analysis focussing on birds, the taxon
best represented in our dataset, suggests that global warming has not
systematically affected morphological traits, but has advanced phenological
traits. We demonstrate that these advances are adaptive for some species,
but imperfect as evidenced by the observed consistent selection for earlier
timing. Application of a theoretical model indicates that the evolutionary load
imposed by incomplete adaptive responses to ongoing climate change may
already be threatening the persistence of species.
התקציר
המוניות להכחדות נוכחי אקלים שינוי בין קשר לקשור ניתן כי נראה לא.