2. School districts throughout
California are weighing the fate
of adult education courses that
serve dropouts, recent
immigrants and others at the
margins of the economy as Gov.
Jerry Brown proposes shifting
the classes from K-12 to
community colleges.
5. What is the subject of the
sentence?
What is the main verb?
What is the object of the
main verb?
6. School districts throughout
California are weighing the fate
of adult education courses that
serve dropouts, recent
immigrants and others at the
margins of the economy as Gov.
Jerry Brown proposes shifting
the classes from K-12 to
community colleges.
7. What is the adverb clause?
What is the subject of the adverb
clause?
What is the verb in the adverb
clause?
What is the object of the verb in the
adverb clause?
8. as Gov. Jerry Brown
proposes shifting the
classes from K-12 to
community colleges.
9. What is the adjective clause? Is it in the
main clause or in the adverb clause?
What is the subject of the adjective
clause?
What is the verb in the adjective
clause?
What is the object of the verb in the
adjective clause?
12. School districts throughout
California are weighing the fate
of adult education courses that
serve dropouts, recent
immigrants and others at the
margins of the economy as
Gov. Jerry Brown proposes
shifting the classes from K-12
to community colleges.
13. Paraphrase:
Governor Brown wants to move
adult education from the K-12
system to the community
colleges, and school districts in
California are trying to decide
what to do.
14. While the move is part of Brown's
goal to give local schools more
control over their money, the idea
has college leaders wondering how
they would manage the new
responsibilities and adult students
pondering what would happen if
their programs are forced to close.
17. What is the subject of the
sentence?
What is the main verb?
What is the object of the
main verb?
18. While the move is part of Brown's
goal to give local schools more
control over their money, the idea
has college leaders wondering how
they would manage the new
responsibilities and adult students
pondering what would happen if
their programs are forced to close.
19. What is the adverb clause?
What is the subject of the adverb
clause?
What is the verb in the adverb
clause?
What is the complement of the verb
in the adverb clause?
20. While the move is part of Brown's
goal to give local schools more
control over their money
21. What are the two noun clauses in
this sentence?
What are the subjects of the noun
clauses?
What are the verbs in the noun
clauses?
What are the objects of the verbs in
the noun clauses?
22. While the move is part of Brown's
goal to give local schools more
control over their money, the idea
has college leaders wondering how
they would manage the new
responsibilities and adult students
pondering what would happen if
their programs are forced to
close.
24. While the move is part of Brown's
goal to give local schools more
control over their money, the idea
has college leaders wondering how
they would manage the new
responsibilities and adult students
pondering what would happen if
their programs are forced to close.
25. Paraphrase:
Moving adult education to
community colleges is part of
Brown’s plan to give more control to
local schools, but college leaders
don’t know how they could handle
the new responsibilities.
26. Look at direct and
indirect speech in the
next paragraph:
27. "That will mess a lot of people up,
really," said Cierra Craig, a 20-year-
old mother who said she started a
GED class in Oakland last month so
she could go to college and land a
decent job. "The people that made
mistakes in their life and are trying
to fix it, that will stop them."
33. Cierra Craig … said she
started a GED class in
Oakland last month so she
could go to college and
land a decent job.
34. Look at the complete
sentence again.
What is the adjective
clause:
Why does it have a comma?
35. "That will mess a lot of people up,
really," said Cierra Craig, a 20-year-
old mother who said she started a
GED class in Oakland last month so
she could go to college and land a
decent job. "The people that made
mistakes in their life and are trying
to fix it, that will stop them."
36. Paraphrase:
A young mother in an Oakland
GED class thinks that moving
GED to community college will
make a lot of problems for
people who are trying to fix their
mistakes in life.
37. The plan would give community
colleges an additional $300
million to set up similar adult
education programs, including
high school diploma or
equivalency courses, vocational
education and citizenship
classes.
40. What is the subject of the
sentence?
What is the main verb?
What is the object of the
main verb?
41. The plan would give community
colleges an additional $300
million to set up similar adult
education programs, including
high school diploma or
equivalency courses, vocational
education and citizenship classes
43. The plan would give community
colleges an additional $300
million to set up similar adult
education programs, including
high school diploma or
equivalency courses, vocational
education and citizenship
classes.
45. College leaders note the amount
is less than half of what the
state spent on adult schools five
years ago, and that colleges
have no experience running
some of these programs.
47. What is the subject of the
sentence?
What is the main verb?
What is the object of the
main verb?
48. College leaders note (that) the
amount is less than half of what
the state spent on adult schools
five years ago, and that colleges
have no experience running
some of these programs.
49. What are the three noun clauses in this
sentence? What role does each noun
clause play in the sentence?
What are the subjects of the noun
clauses?
What are the verbs in the noun
clauses?
What are the objects of the verbs in the
noun clauses?
50. College leaders note the amount
is less than half of what the
state spent on adult schools five
years ago, and that colleges
have no experience running
some of these programs.
51. Change this sentence to direct
speech:
College leaders note the amount
is less than half of what the
state spent on adult schools five
years ago, and that colleges
have no experience running
some of these programs.
52. Paraphrase:
College leaders say that the state
spend more than twice that much
money on adult school programs five
years ago, and that the colleges do
not have experience with all of those
programs.
53. Change this sentence to indirect
speech:
"We've never been in the business of
doing GED (the high school diploma
equivalent), nor have we done
anything with citizenship," said Ron
Galatolo, chancellor of the San
Mateo County Community College
District.
54. Brown and other proponents
say (that) the shift would
both free up more money for
K-12 schools and strengthen
the adult education system,
making it easier for students
like Craig to move up the
educational ladder.
57. What is the subject of the
sentence?
What is the main verb?
What is the object of the
main verb?
58. Brown and other proponents
say the shift would both free
up more money for K-12
schools and strengthen the
adult education system,
making it easier for students
like Craig to move up the
educational ladder.
59. Paraphrase:
The governor and other
supporters of this idea say that
moving adult education would
leave more money for K-12 and
make it easier for students to
move up in the system.
60. Currently, there is little
coordination between the K-
12 adult schools and the
community colleges, and
there is no clear path for a
student to move from one
system to the other.
63. What is the subject of the
first independent clause?
What is the verb of the
first independent clause?
What is the object of the
first independent clause?
64. Currently, there is little
coordination between the K-
12 adult schools and the
community colleges, and
there is no clear path for a
student to move from one
system to the other.
65. What is the subject of the
second independent clause?
What is the verb of the
second independent clause?
What is the object of the second
independent clause?
66. Currently, there is little
coordination between the K-
12 adult schools and the
community colleges, and
there is no clear path for a
student to move from one
system to the other.
67. Paraphrase:
At present, the adult schools
and the community colleges
are not coordinated, and it
can be hard for students to
move from one system to
another.
68. Change from direct to indirect
speech:
"There's duplication, and we
believe it is more appropriate to
have a single system that's
housed within the community
colleges," said H.D. Palmer, a
spokesman for the Department
of Finance.
69. But the nonpartisan state
Legislative Analyst's Office cites
major problems with the plan
and urges the Legislature to
instead invest the money in a
special fund for adult education,
managed by K-12 school
districts.
72. What is the subject of the
sentence?
How many main verbs are
there? What are they?
What are the objects of the
verbs?
73. But the nonpartisan state
Legislative Analyst's Office cites
major problems with the plan
and urges the Legislature to
instead invest the money in a
special fund for adult education,
managed by K-12 school
districts.
74. Paraphrase:
Another government office says
the governor’s plan has
problems, and that the $300
million should be a special fund
for adult school classes in the K-
12 system.
75. Others critical of the proposal
say it's poorly timed; Congress
is considering immigration
reform, which could swell
demand for English-as-a-
second-language courses as
illegal immigrants race to meet
a likely language requirement.
76. Replace the semi-colon with a
subordinator:
Others critical of the proposal say it's
poorly timed; Congress is considering
immigration reform, which could swell
demand for English-as-a-second-
language courses as illegal immigrants
race to meet a likely language
requirement.
77. Break this sentence down into
short sentences:
Others critical of the proposal say it's
poorly timed because Congress is
considering immigration reform, which
could swell demand for English-as-a-
second-language courses as illegal
immigrants race to meet a likely
language requirement.
78. Break this sentence down into short sentences:
Others critical of the proposal say it's poorly
timed because
a) Congress
b) Immigration reform
c) Immigration reform
79. Paraphrase:
Some people say it is bad time for a
change because the U.S. Congress
will soon pass new immigration laws
that will have a language
requirement for illegal immigrants
who want to fix their status and will
therefore need ESL classes.
80. Change to direct speech:
"I think before the state moves so
definitely away from its historical
commitment to adult education, it
should consider the tidal wave of
demand that will come racing
toward these systems," said Margie
McHugh of the Migration Policy
Institute in Washington, D.C.
81. For years, community colleges have also
offered remedial courses, including
English as a second language, but have
generally targeted higher-skilled
students, while adult schools -- often in
courses set up at a school or community
center -- have worked with school
dropouts and recent immigrants and
refugees, including those unable to read
or write.
82. Break this sentence down into short sentences:
Others critical of the proposal say it's poorly
timed because
a) Community colleges
b) Community colleges
c) Adult schools
d) Adult schools
e) Adult schools
83. Summary of the last sentence:
Community colleges have offered
review courses and ESL courses for
a long time, but have served
students with higher skills than
those who attend the adult schools.
