What is Operating System Types of Operating System Features/functions of Operating System Advantages and disadvantages of Operating System

1. Operating Systems

2. History of OS
2000
1956
1960s
1950s
Operating
Systems were
first developed
in the late
1950s to
manage tape
storage
The first OS built
by Microsoft was
DOS.
In the mid-1960s
operating
systems started
to use disks.
The first operating
system used for real
work was GM-NAA
I/O, produced in 1956
by General Motors '
Research division for
its IBM 704.

3. What is an OS?
• The operating system is the most important
program that runs on a computer.
• Operating system is an interface between
computer and user.
• It is responsible for the management and
coordination of activities and the sharing of
the resources of the computer.

4. Features of OS
• Protected and supervisor mode
• Allows disk access and file systems
Device drivers Networking Security
• Program Execution
• Memory management
• Virtual Memory Multitasking
• Handling I/O operations
• Manipulation of the file system
• Error Detection and handling
• Resource allocation
• Information and Resource Protection

5. Kernel
• It is the central component of a
computer operating system.
• The only job performed by the
kernel is to manage the
communication between the
hardware and software possible.

6. • Low-level Scheduling of Processes
• Inter-Process Communication
• Process of synchronization.

7. • Shell is the program that interacts with
kernel.
• It is named a shell because it is the
outermost layer around the operating
system.
• It is the bridge between kernel and the user
and it works as a command interpreter.
• User can type command and the command
is conveyed to the kernel and it will be
executed.
• Most operating system shells fall into one
of two categories – command-line and
graphical.

9. Difference Between Firmware and OS
Firmware Operating System
It is one kind of programming that is
embedded on a chip in the device.
OS provides functionality over and
above that which is provided by the
firmware.
Firmware has programs that have been
encoded by the manufacturer by the
Integrated Circuits. It is permanent.
OS is a program that can be installed by
the user and can be changed.
It is stored on non-volatile memory OS is stored on the hard drive.

11. Types of Operating
System
• Simple Batch System.
• Multiprogramming Batch
System.
• Multiprocessor System.
• Desktop System.
• Distributed Operating System.
• Clustered System.
• Realtime Operating System.
• Handheld System.

12. Examples Of Operating
System with market
share
OS Name
Windows
Android
iOS
Mac OS
Linux
Chrome OS
Windows Phone OS
Share
40.34
37.95
15.44
4.34
0.95
0.14
0.06

13. Advantages of Operating System
• It can be easily used because it has a graphical user interface
and new users can run computers easily by this.
• Through this we can share one data with a lot of users.
• Through this we can share resources such as – Printer
• They can be easily updated.
• It is safe like – windows has windows defender which detects
any type of harmful files and removes them.
• By this, we can install any game or software and run them.
• Some operating systems (like – LINUX) are open source, we
can run them on free on my computer.

14. Disadvantages of Operating
System
• Some operating systems are free but some are expensive such as
– windows costs around ₹5000 to ₹10000.
• It is a bit difficult to run Linux compared to Windows.
• Sometimes it does not support any hardware.
• The risk of viruses in Mac OS is high.