Growing Cities & Urbanisation

1. Growing cities & Urbanization
Anirban Mukhopadhyay
12116009
B. Planning 2nd Yr.
LSAP

2. For the first time in history,
most of the global population
lives in urban centres, large,
medium and small. Of the 4
billion people living in urban
areas today, nearly a third of
them are children. It is
estimated that by 2050,
almost 70 per cent of the
world’s children will live in
urban areas, many of them in
slums.
Cities can present great opportunities and hope for
a better life. They generate over 80 percent of the
global GDP and are increasingly considered engines
to achieving development.
WHY

4. Top 10 Fastest
Growing Cities
in India
Vijayawada
Chennai
Tiruchirappalli
Rajkot
Tirupur
Nagpur
Hyderabad
Bengaluru
Agra
Surat

5. The ten fastest-
growing cities
in the world
DELHI, SHANGHAI, DHAKA, KINSHASA,
CHONGQING, LAHORE, BANGALORE,
LAGOS, CAIRO, AND BEIJING.

6. Urbanization

7. Problems of
urbanization
•Shortage of housing, vertical expansion, and growth of slums
•The decreasing employment opportunities in the rural, as well as
smaller urban areas of the developing countries, consistently push
the population to the urban areas.
•The enormous migrant population generates a pool of unskilled
and semi-skilled labor force, which is already saturated in urban
areas.
•Insufficient financial resources fail to create adequate social
infrastructure catering to the basic needs of the huge population.
•The large urban population in developing countries not only uses
but also disposes of a huge quantity of water and all types of waste
materials. s.

8. Cities are known to play multifaceted functions in all
societies. They are the heart of technological development
and economic growth of many nations, while at the same
time serving as a breeding ground for poverty, inequality,
environmental hazards, and communicable diseases
When large numbers of people congregate in cities,
many problems result, particularly for the poor. For
example, many rural migrants who settle in an urban
slum area bring their families and their domesticated
animals—both pets and livestock—with them.

9. Some of the major health problems resulting
from urbanization include poor nutrition,
pollution-related health conditions and
communicable diseases, poor sanitation and
housing conditions, and related health
conditions. These have direct impacts on
individual quality of life while straining
public health systems and resources
Furthermore, environmental contamination
also contributes to undernutrition; street
food is often prepared in unhygienic
conditions, leading to outbreaks of food-
borne illnesses

10. Urban dwellers also suffer from
overnutrition and obesity, a growing
global public health problem. Obesity and
other lifestyle conditions contribute to
chronic diseases (such as cancers,
diabetes, and heart diseases).
Obesity is caused by increased caloric
intake and decreased physical activity,
something historically associated with
wealth.
People in urbanized areas of developing
countries are also now vulnerable to
obesity due to a lack of physical space.

11. Pollution is another major contributor to poor health in
urban environments. For instance, the World Health
Organization estimated that 6.5 million people died
(11.6% of all global deaths) because of indoor and outdoor
air pollution and nearly 90% of air-pollution-related
deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries
Inadequate sanitation can lead to the transmission of
helminths and other intestinal parasites.