Tracking Area LTE.pptx

Tracking Area TA
Wafa telecom 2021 ©
Radio Planning & Optimization

There are two separate problems to be solved:
1. location management (or sometimes called reachability), which keeps
track of the positions of a UE in the mobile network.
2. handover management (or sometimes called session continuity).
Mobility management (MM)

Tracking Area

Basic Technical Terms
• Cell is an area of the radio coverage identified by a base station
identification.
• MME is the control plane entity which supports many functions including
tracking area list management.
• Location register is a function for storing the location information of the
users in order for the network to enable the communication.

Cell Location Area (LA)
is defined as an area in which a user may
move freely without updating the Visitor
Location Register (VLR) The LA is related to
the CS domain and is the term used in GSM.

Routing Area (RA)
is defined as an area in which a user, in
certain operation modes, may move freely
without updating the Serving GPRS Support
Node (SGSN). The RA is related to the PS
domain and belongs to GPRS and UMTS
networks.

Tracking Area (TA)
is defined as an area in which a user may
move freely without updating the MME. TA
is a term used in LTE networks.

Wafa Targeted KPIs- Quality
Daily monitoring for network KPIs for tuning and optimization
1.Accessibility
The probability whether services requested by a user can be accessed within specified
tolerances in the given operating conditions.
• RRC Setup Success Rate (Service)
• ERAB Setup Success Rate
2. Retainability
Evaluate the network capability to retain services requested by a user for a desired
duration once the user is connected to the service.
• Call Drop Rate
• Service Drop Rate
3. Mobility
Evaluate the performance of E-UTRAN mobility, which is critical to the customer
experience.
• Handover In Success Rate
• Inter-RAT Handover Out Success Rate

Wafa Targeted KPIs- Quality
Daily monitoring for network KPIs for tuning and optimization
4. Service Integrity
Indicate the E-UTRAN impacts on the service quality provided to the end-user.
• Service Downlink Average Throughput
• Service Uplink Average Throughput
5. Utilization
Evaluate the capability to meet the traffic demand and other characteristics in specific
internal conditions.
• Resource Block Utilizing Rate
• Average CPU Load
6. Availability The percentage of time that a cell is available.
• Radio Network Unavailability Rate
7. Traffic.
Measure the traffic volume on the LTE Radio Access Network (RAN).
• Downlink/Uplink Traffic Volume
• Number of users

Source of inputs:
• WAFA inputs (Marketing, sales and Technical).
• SYTPRA data about the count and locations distribution of competitors’ radio sites.
• Historical data about competitors' sales per area.
• Technical analysis of competitors’ radio network in terms of coverage and quality based
on drive test results.

Needed requirements:
• Manpower
• Planning tools.
• Drive test tools

1. Inputs.
2. Processing.
3. Outputs.
4. Study.
5. Notes.
Wafa Coverage Plan

Processing in two steps
A. Calculator provide count of site in subject area
B. Site Location selection depends on:
• competitor's traffic.
• Site selection criteria & evaluation matrix

A. LTE Calculator
• A tool to calculate estimated number of sites for coverage plan based on :
• Bandwidth , Sensitivity, MSC,…
• Link Budget, User Capacity, …
• Frequency, heights
• Addressable market, Addressable Subs, market share
• market share growth, subscriber growth…
• area, population…

LTE Calculator

LTE Calculator
• areas and population are from internet
CITY NAME POPULATION Area Estimated Site count
Damascus 2660000
105 93
Aleppo 1647000
90 79
Homs 350000
48 42
Latakia 500000
58 51
Tartouss 350000
22 19
Hama 400000
46 41

Site Count & Distribution- LTE Calculator
• Note: All scenarios and site
numbers are not final, it maybe
changed based on corporate
strategies(Objectives, marketing
visions ..) or outer request
(Regulation requirements )
Damascus
Aleppo
Latakia
93
79
51
Hama
Homs
Tartous
41
42
19
•Phase 0&1
• Total site number is 325

Phase 0&1
• Total site number is 600
Site Count & Distribution- BP
Damascus
Aleppo
Damascus Rural
184
113
86
Latakia
Homs
Tartous
Hama
77
61
53
27

B. Site Location selection :
• Competitor's LTE traffic info
• Syriatel traffic data per site in Damascus city and Rural
• Sum of Total Traffic (GB) per site.
• On three days study

Site Location selection :
eNB name Total traffic (MB) Hour Latitude Longitude
Douma-Mosque 17776.92 20 33.57207 36.4006
Najha 17060.62 20 33.32694 36.39806
Khrbet-Ward 16530.63 20 33.3979 36.37102
Kafer-Batna 16312.82 20 33.5125 36.37167
Lama 14268.15 20 33.41556 36.25389
Masaken-Najha 14030.83 20 33.408497 36.352883
Arbin-Press 13252.34 20 33.5355 36.36203
Lama-Dobbat 12553.01 20 33.410393 36.256261
Power 12017.72 20 33.50772 36.27502
Babila-Sondos 11943.8 20 33.46624 36.33183
Sehnaya 11876.31 20 33.42306 36.22556
Maaraba 11675.89 20 33.57639 36.29722
J-Qraiat 11583.45 20 33.4925 36.33917
Jaramana-Baladieh 11510.25 20 33.48619 36.34114
Kotaifa-North 11391.5 20 33.74262 36.59273

Competitor's LTE traffic info

Site Location selection :
• Site selection criteria & evaluation matrix
‫عل‬ ‫الخارجية‬ ‫للمساحات‬ ‫الراديوية‬ ‫الناحية‬ ‫من‬ ‫الموقع‬ ‫تقييم‬ ‫سلم‬
‫سطح‬ ‫ى‬
‫المباني‬
‫التقييم‬ ‫معيار‬
‫المعي‬ ‫تثقيل‬
‫ار‬
‫التقييم‬ ‫سلم‬
4
‫عالمات‬
3
‫عالمات‬
2
‫عالمة‬
1
‫عالمة‬
‫تغطي‬ ‫لتحقيق‬ ‫مالئم‬
‫ة‬
‫المنطقة‬
10
‫تغطية‬ ‫لتحقيق‬ ‫مالئم‬
‫لتحقيق‬ ‫مالئم‬ ‫الموقع‬
‫ولكن‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫تغطية‬
‫قريب‬ ‫موقع‬ ‫يوجد‬
(
‫خاص‬
‫عام‬ ‫أو‬
)
‫مالئمة‬ ‫أكثر‬
‫المنطق‬ ‫تغطية‬ ‫لتحقيق‬
‫ة‬
‫لتحقي‬ ‫مالئم‬ ‫غير‬ ‫الموقع‬
‫ق‬
‫يوج‬ ‫ولكن‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫تغطية‬
‫د‬
‫قريب‬ ‫موقع‬
(
‫أو‬ ‫خاص‬
‫عام‬
)
‫ة‬
‫لتحقي‬ ‫مالئم‬ ‫غير‬ ‫الموقع‬
‫ق‬
‫يوجد‬ ‫وال‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫تغطية‬
‫قريب‬ ‫موقع‬
(
‫أو‬ ‫خاص‬
‫عام‬
)
‫ة‬
‫لتركي‬ ‫مالئم‬ ‫االرتفاع‬
‫ب‬
‫راديوية‬ ‫محطة‬
8
‫يوجد‬ ‫وال‬ ‫مالئم‬ ‫االرتفاع‬
‫انشائية‬ ‫او‬ ‫طبيعية‬ ‫عوائق‬
‫اإلشارة‬ ‫تعيق‬ ‫محيطة‬
‫يوجد‬ ‫ولكن‬ ‫مالئم‬ ‫االرتفاع‬
‫انشائية‬ ‫او‬ ‫طبيعية‬ ‫عوائق‬
‫باتج‬ ‫اإلشارة‬ ‫تعيق‬ ‫محيطة‬
‫اه‬
‫معين‬
‫يوجد‬ ‫ولكن‬ ‫مالئم‬ ‫االرتفاع‬
‫انشائي‬ ‫او‬ ‫طبيعية‬ ‫عوائق‬
‫ة‬
‫بكل‬ ‫اإلشارة‬ ‫تعيق‬ ‫محيطة‬
‫االتجاهات‬
‫مالئم‬ ‫غير‬
‫لتركيب‬ ‫مساحة‬ ‫توفر‬
‫راديوية‬ ‫هوائيات‬
7
‫تتوفر‬ ‫و‬ ‫معدني‬ ‫برج‬ ‫يوجد‬
‫لتركيب‬ ‫شاغرة‬ ‫مساحة‬ ‫عليه‬
‫بارتف‬ ‫الراديوية‬ ‫الهوائيات‬
‫اع‬
‫التغطية‬ ‫لتحقيق‬ ‫مناسب‬
‫تتوفر‬ ‫ال‬ ‫أو‬ ‫برج‬ ‫يوجد‬ ‫ال‬
‫لكن‬ ‫و‬ ‫البرج‬ ‫على‬ ‫مساحة‬
‫برج‬ ‫لبناء‬ ‫مساحة‬ ‫تتوفر‬
‫مناس‬ ‫بارتفاع‬ ‫جديد‬ ‫معدني‬
‫ب‬
‫التغطية‬ ‫لتحقيق‬
‫لكن‬ ‫و‬ ‫معدني‬ ‫برج‬ ‫يوجد‬
‫لتركيب‬ ‫المتاحة‬ ‫المساحة‬
‫محدود‬ ‫الراديوية‬ ‫الهوائيات‬
‫ة‬
‫محدودة‬ ‫مساحة‬ ‫تتوفر‬ ‫أو‬
‫جديد‬ ‫معدني‬ ‫برج‬ ‫لبناء‬
‫التغطي‬ ‫يحقق‬ ‫ال‬ ‫بارتفاع‬
‫ة‬
‫المطلوبة‬
‫تتوفر‬ ‫ال‬ ‫و‬ ‫برج‬ ‫يوجد‬ ‫ال‬
‫معدني‬ ‫برج‬ ‫لبناء‬ ‫مساحة‬
‫جديد‬
‫الكلية‬ ‫العالمة‬
100
‫راديوية‬ ‫لمحطة‬ ‫موقع‬ ‫الختيار‬ ‫المطلوب‬ ‫األدنى‬ ‫الحد‬
85

Planning Output :
Radio Coverage plan (LTE)
CP
coverage map
List of sites and

Planning Output :
Radio Coverage plan (LTE)
List of sites with info:
1. Site Name
2. Site coordinates
3. Region
4. City.
5. area
6. Sub area

Planning Output :
List of sites
REGION CITY ZONE AREA SUBAREA ENGLISH_NAME LONGITUDE LATITUDE
‫الشمالية‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫الجميلية‬ ‫الجميلية‬
Jmelya 37.1465 36.206
‫الشمالية‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫الدولة‬ ‫سيف‬ ‫الدولة‬ ‫سيف‬
TV-Station 37.13333 36.19722
‫الشمالية‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫الجديدة‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫الجديدة‬ ‫حلب‬
Khan-Wazir 37.15889 36.20028
‫الشمالية‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫السيمانية‬ ‫السليمانية‬
Slemanieh 37.16056 36.21417
‫الشمالية‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫الجديدة‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫الجديدة‬ ‫حلب‬
Umbalp 37.091141 36.203922
‫الشمالية‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫شهبا‬ ‫شهبا‬
Shahbaa 37.119675 36.214645
‫الشمالية‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫هنانو‬ ‫مساكن‬ ‫هنانو‬ ‫مساكن‬
Hanano 37.2019005 36.2324982
‫الشمالية‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫حلب‬ ‫الشعار‬ ‫الشعار‬
Sanaa 37.17694 36.19861

Planning Output :Coverage Map

Change management of plan
The following factors affect the priorities of constructing WAFA
Telecom radio sites and causes changes to coverage plan:
1. VoLTE permits
2. Cost and benefit of RAN sharing, national roaming and rollout scenarios

Case Study :Mobile broadband with HSPA and LTE – capacity and cost aspects
• 10,000 base station sites, 3 sectors.
• Large European country.
• Each subscriber consumes an average
of 5 GB of data per month in the
downlink and uplink together (which
is more than a typical user on an HSPA
network today).
Copyright © 2010 Nokia Siemens Networks. All rights reserved.

• The capacity is assumed to be
downlink limited.
• uplink use is assumed to be 30% of
downlink use.
• For reference, typical voice use is 300
minutes per month, which
corresponds to 36 MB of data in the
downlink with 16 kbps equivalent
data rate.

• Therefore, voice will be a minor part (1%)
of the total traffic
• The maximum number of subscribers is
estimated by the following equation:
 10,000 sites, the radio network can
support up to 5 million data subscribers
with HSPA.
 and up to 17 million data subscribers
with LTE.

Compare site count
between Syrian operators

Case Study :compare site count between Syrian operators
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Aleppo City Damascus
City
Damascus
Rural
Hama City Homs City Latakia City Tartous City
328
440
525
93 107 111
47
423
743
856
119
213 219
96
Site count till end of 2020
MTN Syriatel

0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Aleppo City Damascus
City
Damascus
Rural
Hama City Homs City Latakia City Tartous
City
258
338 344
68 78 84
33
102
226
384
52 67 56
24
before 2010
MTN Syriatel

0
50
100
150
200
Aleppo
City
Damascus
City
Damascus
Rural
Hama City Homs Latakia
City
Tartous
City
103
123 120
21 26 26
9
1
94
183
9 0 1 3
Before 2005
MTN Syriatel

Case Study :compare site count between Syrian operators and WAFA count of site for phase 0&1
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
20
2
30
18
1 4 1 0 2 4 4
0
4 4 3 1 1 3 5
1 0
5
32
0 3 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 3
113
0
184
86
0
27
0 0 0
61
0 0 0
77
0 0 0
53
0
Phase 0&1
MTN Syriatel WAFA

Why LTE ?
Comparison between Different RAT
• Study by Huawei 2017
• High level

Comparison amongst Different RAT
• TTI (Transmission
Time Interval)
• refers to the
duration of a
transmission on
the radio link.
GSM/GPRS/EDG
WCDMA/HSDPA/HSDPA+
LTE
FDMA+TDMA
CDMA/CDMA+TDMA
OFDMA/ SC_FDMA
Multiple
Access
200K
5M
1.4/3/5/10/15/20 M
Bandwidth
QPSK/8PSK
BPSK/QPSK/16QAM/64Q
AM
BPSK/QPSK/16QAM/64QA
M
Modulation
10/2 ms
1ms
TTI
Diversity Receive
Diversity Receive/MIMO
Diversity
Receive/MIMO/Beamform
ing
ANT
Technology

Comparison amongst LTE and WCDMA/HSPA,HSPA+
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
WCDMA/HSPA HSPA+ LTE
Theoretical Value
Max Cell Radius(Km)
Less Coverage
Attention: It’s theoretical
cell radius basing on
system principle analysis,
witch is impossibly
reached in practical
consideration radio
signaling propagation

0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Theoretical Value
Max Users Per Cell
More Capacity

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
DL
Spectral Efficiency (bps/Hz)
0
2
4
6
8
10
UL
Spectral Efficiency (bps/Hz)
Higher Spectral
Efficiency

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Theoretical Value
RTT Latency(ms)
Lower Latency
Attention: this is
the Latency in
control plane.
Round-trip
time (RTT) is the
duration, measured
in milliseconds,
from when a
browser sends a
request to when it
receives a response
from a server

CP
 Recommendation: start with
collocated scenario (Passive
Sharing )with other operators
to overcome site acquisition
difficulties, and save time.
 MCP is not final:
 Number of sites maybe changed
based on corporate objectives,
VIP requests and regulatory
request.
 Site locations maybe changed
based on:
o Passive sharing availability of
other operators
o On field survey for better
locations form radio point of
view.
o Measurements of service
quality and network KPIs of
other operators based on
drive test.
 We need full accurate site distribution of Syriatel and
MTN and recommended list of their sites to be
shared that help us to enhance our choices
Notes

Tracking Area LTE.pptx

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