This document provides an overview of basic internet services. It defines key concepts like IP addresses, which uniquely identify devices on a network, and domain names, which provide easy-to-remember aliases for IP addresses. It describes how an Internet Service Provider (ISP) provides individuals and organizations access to the internet by acting as an intermediary between them and the internet. It also explains the Uniform Resource Locator (URL), which identifies the location and access protocol for resources on the world wide web using a standardized web address format.

1. BASIC SERVICES OVER
INTERNET
Prepared by
Amit Kumar Srivastava

2. PRESENTATION TOPIC
IP Address
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
Domain Name

3. What is the Internet ?
Internet is an interconnection between several computer systems of different types,
belonging to various networks across the world. It is the network of networks. Internet
is a computer-based worldwide information network in which computers are connected
with one another all over the world.
The Internet links millions of computer networks and network
and every computer in these networks exchange information
according to certain rules called Protocols.

5. What is Protocol ?
Internet Protocol provides a standard set of rules for the
transmission (sending and receiving) data over the Internet. It
provides the instructions for transferring packets (data) between
devices.
Protocol refers to the rules and conventions that explains how
something must be done. It also sets the standards to be
followed during communication between devices.
Internet Protocol (IP)

6. Internet Protocol Address
Internet Protocol Address is a unique global address for a network
interface. It is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to
a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.
The core functions of an IP Address are :
 Identification of the Host or Network Interface
 Providing location of the Host in the network

7. Class Ranges of IP Address

9. INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER (ISP)
Internet Service Provider refers to the company or an organization that provides
services to individuals and organizations to access the internet. Also known as
Internet Access Provider (IAP) or Online Service Provider, it provides Internet
access to the users or subscribers of its
services.
An ISP acts as an intermediary between
its client computer system and the
Internet. They charge their clients for
the Internet Access based on their usage,
needs and the level of service provided.
It is the gateway to the internet and
everything we do online.

10. Features of a good ISP
 High-Speed Access
 Economical
 Security and Reliability
 Consistency
 Customer Service and Support

11. ISP Category
National ISPs Regional ISPs
A regional ISP usually
provides Internet Access
to a specific geographic
area/region and has a
limited reach.
A national ISP usually
provides Internet Access
in cities and towns
nationwide and has
larger reach.

12. Responsibility of an ISP
 Providing and maintaining a connection to the Internet.
 Support the hardware and software needed for the
connection.
 To protect the network from the external threats such as
viruses, hacker’s attack and other cyber-attacks.
 Provide 24*7 customer service and technical support.

13. Connection to ISPs
• Wireless
• Hotspots
• Broadband
• Mobile Phone

14. Examples of ISPs in India
MTNL
BHARTI AIRTEL
DEN NETWORKS
IDEA CELLULAR
SPECTRANET
TIKONA
ISP
Providers

15. Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
 A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is a unique identifier used to locate a
resource on the Internet. It indicates the location of a resource as well as
the protocol used to access it.
 It is the global address of documents and other resources on the World
Wide Web.
 Also known as Universal Resource Locator or Web Address.
 URLs are always case-sensitive.
 Propounded by Tim Berners Lee, the founder of World Wide Web.

16. A URL contains the following information :
o The protocol used to access the resource.
o The location of the server (whether by IP Address or Domain Name)
o The Directory Path where the file is located.
o The File Name which is retrieved.

17. http://www.google.com/assignments/computer.internet.html
Transfer
Protocol
Domain
Name
Directory
Path
File
Name
Example of an URL

18. Domain Name
 Domain name is a way to identify and locate computers and other
devices connected to Internet .
 No two organizations can have the same domain name.
 A domain name always consists of two or more components
separated by periods called dots (.)
Example : www.google.co.in , www.yahoo.com

19. Common Domain Names

20. Examples of Domain Name
• www.google.com
• www.educause.edu
• www.upsc.gov.in
• www.vsef.org
• www.gov.nic.in

23. THANK YOU