About LA City planning

1. E.V.S.
Urban Sustainability | Worst City |
A j a y K u s h w a h a
A m e y D e s h m u k h
A k h i l e s h N a m b i a r
L a l i t K a d u
R o h i t M h a r a v
P i l l a i H o c C O A , R a s a y a n i

2. Los Angeles / 02
Urban Sustainability |

3. Los Angeles / 03
Urban Sustainability | Location and Geography
LOCATION & GEOGRAPHY
Map of Los Angeles County, California, with Los Angeles highlighted
Location within the United States
• Located in Southern California, Los Angeles is the second-most populous metropolitan
area in the USA and is also known as the 'City of Angels' or simply LA.
• Bordered by the Pacific Ocean, the below Lost Angeles map shows the 8 districts that
the city of LA.
• The city of Los Angeles covers a total area of 502.7 square miles (1,302 km2),
comprising 468.7 square miles (1,214 km2) of land and 34.0 square miles (88 km2)
of water. Area city, 466 square miles (1,207 square km); county, 4,070 square miles
(10,540 square km).

4. Los Angeles / 04
Urban Sustainability | Introduction
Overview
POPULATION
• Los Angeles is the 2nd most populated city, after New York in the United States, boasting a
population of approximately 4 million residents, With a 2020 population of 3,898,747.

5. Los Angeles / 05
Urban Sustainability | Introduction
POPULATION BY AGE IN LOS ANGELES

6. Los Angeles / 06
Urban Sustainability | Introduction
WHY POPULATION HAS INCREASED MAKING IT POPULATED CITY?
• The glamour of Hollywood, Beverly Hills, the Sunset Strip, and the famous beaches have added to Los Angeles's reputation as a California paradise
and have contributed to the area's phenomenal growth.
• Los Angeles is also a center of international trade and banking, manufacturing, and tourism.
• It is one of the most dynamic economies in the world, with a fast-growing and immense high-tech industry, world leading creative economy,
tremendous strength in aerospace and advanced transportation, the nation’s largest manufacturing base, the nation’s largest international trade
industry, and a rapidly increasing amount of venture capital investment in startups.
Urban Sustainability | Introduction

7. Los Angeles / 07
Urban Sustainability | Introduction
• The city offers something for everyone in its large conglomeration of separate and very different districts: a sleek, ultra-modern downtown, miles of
beautiful beaches, mansions and stunning canyon homes built with opulent luxury, and some of the world's most glamorous shopping and dining.
• Beneath the glitter, though, is a troubled, racially divided city, with extremely high unemployment rates for young African Americans and Latinos.
• Despite being the 21st most visited city in the world, Los Angeles continues to face social issues like homelessness, as well as environmental issues
like air pollution, stormwater pollution, and plastic pollution from several non-point sources.
Urban Sustainability | Introduction

8. Los Angeles / 08
Urban Sustainability | Factors
FACTORS OF CITY SUSTAINANBILTY
1. Social
2. Economic
3. Ecological
4. Governance

9. Urban Sustainability | Social and Cultural
PEOPLE AND COMMUNITY
22 percent of the
population lives below the
poverty level
Open spaces and
recreational area are lot
less than overall city area.
OPEN SPACES
A large portion of this percentage is due to housing-induced poverty, housing
constituting the single largest expenditure of households throughout the
nation. The city contains approximately 1,300,000 housing units for close to
4,000,000 people. In addition, in spite of featuring the largest health and
social services system available to the homeless in the United States, Los
Angeles County continues to have the highest concentration of homeless
individuals in the nation.
Los Angeles / 09

10. Urban Sustainability | Factors Los Angeles / 10

11. Urban Sustainability | Social and Cultural
TRANSPORTATION
California has been a leader in renewable portfolio standards and greenhouse gas
reduction, as well as building energy efficiency standards. CARB’s enforceable cap and trade
regime requires that the state lower its GHG emission levels 25 percent by 2020. California
additionally has a 33 percent renewable portfolio standard requirement. However, the city is
still one of the largest electricity importers in the state, while Los Angeles County still
generates 99.1 million metric tons of CO2, approximately 21.7 percent of California’s 2009
total GHG emissions. This is largely due to automobile and truck fossil fuel consumption.
The county’s GHG emissions are largely comprised of building energy, 39.2 percent; on-
road transportation, 33.5 percent; and stationary sources, 19.7 percent
GREEN ENERGY
Transportation policy and planning is intimately related to
sustainability in two primary ways. First, travel is an essential
activity in urban areas to support economic, social, and cultural
activity, but all modes of travel require the use of energy and
because vehicular transportation relies on fossil fuel energy it
contributes to environmental pollution and greenhouse gas
emissions. Many strategies for achieving.
Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority is the
third largest transit agency in the country. Growth in travel is
expected to substantially increase, though with limited growth
potential in capital expansion of transportation networks. The
infrastructure and financial support for the region’s transportation
system also faces challenges; the infrastructure is badly in need of
repair and modernization and the revenue needed to support the
system is in decline, as it relies on user fees which have not been
raised.
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12. Urban Sustainability | Environmental Problems
AIR POLLUTION
• The Los Angeles air basin has the worst air quality of any area of the United States.
• Diesel engines, ports, motor vehicles, and industries are the main sources of gas emissions that lead to unhealthy air in Los Angeles.
• The area does not meet the Clean Air Act health-based standards for ozone and fine particulate matter, two critical components of smog.
THE UNEXPECTED STORM
• As a major contributor of trash, stormwater pollution leads to tons of trash being swept away from urban areas in L.A. and ending in the oceans and beach
shores. This poses a hazard to many marine organisms and humans alike.
• In Los Angeles Country, approximately 100 million gallons of polluted water and debris, enough to fill 1.2 Rose Bowl stadiums, drain through storm drains
each day.
• The L.A. County recycles less than 10% of all single-use plastics resulting in tons of non-degradable plastics that hog the landfills and pollute Los Angeles
neighborhoods and oceans.
• In Los Angeles Country, plastic makes 10% of the total waste produced by the residents and 9.2% of the total commercial waste streams. Although plastics only
make up a small portion of the waste stream in terms of mass, they often make their way to beaches and streams, polluting the wildlife and ecosystem.
Los Angeles / 12

13. Urban Sustainability | Environmental Problems
TRANSPORTATION
• Transportation policy and planning is intimately related to sustainability in two primary ways.
• First, travel is an essential activity in urban areas to support economic, social, and cultural activity,
• However, all modes of travel require the use of energy and because vehicular transportation relies on fossil fuel energy it contributes to environmental pollution
and greenhouse gas emissions.
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
• Despite the great allure of the region’s natural environment, its other, less desirable elements—prolonged droughts, torrential rains, pounding surf, mud slides,
wind-fanned fires, and especially earthquakes—pose serious challenges to human occupation. Earthquakes have been observed throughout the area’s
recorded history.
• Ranching, farming, and urbanization have destroyed much of the area’s original flora and fauna, yet native trees such as oaks, maples, sycamores, and
willows are still abundant.
• These soils have very low organic matter, are high in potassium and have pH's around 7.5 to 8.0.
Los Angeles / 13

14. Urban Sustainability | Governance
Transportation
The Los Angeles metropolitan area and the state in general have embraced transit-oriented development, rail and express bus improvements, and smart growth.
This is evidenced by the $40 billion being invested in rail, rapid bus, and other improvements, expanding the current rail system by 26 miles in the city alone. The
Los Angeles Sustainable City plan includes several long- and short-term targets related to transportation as well as some general strategies. The latter include
• Improving pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure and other sustainable transport, emphasizing connections to mass transit;
• Expanding high-quality transit options across the city;
• Leveraging zoning, planning, and community vibrancy to move Angelenos closer to work and transit
• Securing new funds for mobility projects.
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Empty trains and Metros
Modes of Transportation Vehicle Congestion

15. Urban Sustainability | Environmental Problems
WATER
• Los Angeles exhausted its local sources of water from the Los Angeles River
and its tributary groundwater basin by 1900
• William Mulholland, chief engineer of the new Los Angeles Department of
Water and Power, to design and orchestrate a water import system for the city
via the construction of the Owens Valley Aqueduct, completed in 1913.
• However, continued population and urban growth demanded more water
resources, resulting in new diversion works in the Owens River Valley and
extension of the aqueduct further north into the Mono Basin.
• The city’s diversions prompted disputes with Owens Valley residents, as well
as diminishment and degradation of the Mono Basin lake and ecosystem.
• In 1970, a second aqueduct was built to augment aqueduct flow from the
Owens Valley, implementing conservation measures, such as water metering
and water reclamation programs.
• Currently, the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) supplies
water to the City of Los Angeles from the Los Angeles Aqueduct, recycled
water, local groundwater, and purchased imported water from the
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California.
Los Angeles / 15

16. Urban Sustainability | Governance
WATER
LADWP manages the Los Angeles water system, which is the largest municipal water system in the United States, providing power and water to over 4 million
people per day.
Several initiatives are under way including distributing stormwater capture from large dams and centralized storage ponds to cisterns, rain gardens, and rain
barrels; using purple pipe for nonportable reused water; taxing stormwater in Santa Monica; increased investment in groundwater pollution remediation; and
moving water storage to underground tanks rather than open reservoirs, among others.
Los Angeles Mayor Garcetti issued Executive Directive 5, which calls for a 20 percent water use reduction from 2014 consumption levels (131 GPCD as of June
2014) by January 2017 and a 50 percent reduction in purchased imported water (89 percent in 2013) by 2024 and creates an integrated water strategy.
In addition, the recently released Los Angeles Sustainable City plan includes several near-term goals (by 2017) for the city related to water, including the
following:
• “Secure additional funding for San Fernando Groundwater Basin clean up
• Establish Water Cabinet to implement key aspects of local water policy
• Expand recycled water production by at least 6 million gallons per day by 2017 (MGD)
• Replace 95 miles of water pipe infrastructure
• Reduce number of annual sewer spills to less than 12.”
In addition, the entire region has initiated aggressive lawn replacement programs with rebates of up to $3.75 per square foot in the city
Los Angeles / 16

17. Urban Sustainability | Governance
GOVERNANCE
Despite facing a number of sustainability challenges, the Los Angeles metropolitan region has introduced several innovative initiatives related to energy and
transportation, while the current drought has forced changes to water consumption and related behavior.
• HOMELESS NUMBERS BURY L.A.
• THE MENACE OF AIR POLLUTION
• THE MENACE OF AIR POLLUTION
• WILDLIFE IN PERIL DUE TO EXCESSIVE
AMOUNTS OF PLASTIC POLLUTION
Los Angeles / 17

18. Urban Sustainability | Governance
INITIATIVES TAKEN BY ADMINISTRATION
• In order to meet the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit, Los Angeles County created the Stormwater Public Education Program to
educate the public on actions to prevent pollution and keep the waterways clean.
• In 2019, the Los Angeles’ Green New Deal Plan was launched, which seeks to set high goals for a more sustainable future and pushes LA to be carbon neutral
by 2050.
• To combat increasing numbers of homeless people in 2017, Los Angeles County approved Measure H, the “Los Angeles County Homeless Initiative”. Through
generating funds from taxes, the measure managed to generate enough funds to place 7,448 homeless families in permanent housing within the first year.
CITIZEN INITIATIVES FOR L.A.
• Heal the Bay, an environmental nonprofit dedicated to making coastal water in the Los Angeles
county safe and clean, has largely contributed to a significant improvement in water quality of Los
Angeles:
• They organized 13,914 volunteers who removed more than 30,165 pounds of trash from 79
locations in Los Angeles County over a duration of 3 hours on Coastal Cleanup Day in 2019.
Removed more than 4 million pieces of trash and debris from the natural environment.
• Educated thousands of students in LA County about plastic pollution. Provided water quality
information to 450 California beaches each week. Made daily water quality predictions at dozens of
sites
• Through the relentless efforts of the community, Heal the Bay was able to accomplish many victories
towards a more sustainable future such as securing passage for Measure W, a stormwater recycling
program, in 2018, which will “capture and reuse billions of gallons of stormwater each year instead
of polluting the sea.”
Coastal Cleanup Day 2019 by Heal the Bay in Los Angeles County
(Heal the bay)
Los Angeles / 18

19. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS
L.A. Works is a nonprofit volunteer action center that implements community service projects and assists in CSR Projects for companies. A few examples of recent
partners include:
• 500 Netflix staff from around the world beautified an early education center during their annual off-site
• 125 Freddie Mac employees made hygiene kits and no-sew blankets for people currently experiencing homelessness.
• 30 environmental lawyers attending the ABA Conference spent the morning helping weed, mulch, and water a park along the LA River.
Urban Sustainability | Governance
CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Despite the many actions taken towards reducing pollution in LA County, the fact remains that
Los Angeles continues to be plagued by pollution. The solution to these problems lies with a
Circular Economy.
SOLUTIONS WITH CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Besides stricter regulations on waste segregation and plastic use, circular economy solutions
and initiatives necessary for reducing the waste in Los Angeles includes:
• Installing more catch basins to reduce the amount of trash swept into the oceans
• Creating rain gardens to reduce amount of stormwater runoff
• Enforcing a stricter Recycling Management System
• Encouraging the installation of clean diesel engines to reduce gas emissions
• Encouraging public modes of transportation to reduce gas emissions
• Transitioning to more renewable energy sources instead of fossil fuels
• Through collective efforts and awareness from the community and the authorities, a
more sustainable future can be achieved.
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20. Urban Sustainability | Economy
ECONOMY OF L.A
Economy of L.A is unable to satisfy the basic need of their people for housing, jobs,
Mobility and Resiliency
1. Housing and Development
• Problems : The availability and affordability of housing are among the most visible and
important economic issues facing Angelinos today. They’re also critical elements to a strong
and thriving Los Angeles
Los Angeles / 20

21. • Vision : The plan and its strategic initiatives aim to ease housing costs, lower utility bills, promote
appropriate development, encourage housing around transit hubs, and increase the production and
preservation of affordable housing. These steps will allow Los Angeles to properly serve all individuals
and families, while improving total housing affordability in L.A. and preventing the loss of existing
affordable housing.
Urban Sustainability | Economy
2. Mobility and Transit
• Problems : Traffic and difficulty in moving around the city are an unfortunate part of Los Angeles’s
image and reality. Traffic also presents a significant economic challenge and quality of life impact.
As L.A. expects to add another 500,000 residents over the next 20 years, it is critical that the city
provides more options for Angelinos to move around and get to where they need to go.
• Vision : Focus on public transit, bicycling, walking, and locating Angelinos’ residences near transit and the places they would want to travel.
Source:
https://www.discoverlosangeles.com/travel/the-
sustainable-city-plan-of-los-angeles
Los Angeles / 21

22. Urban Sustainability | Economy
3. Prosperity and Green jobs
• Problems : Lacking in the economic power of individual workers and the green business sector which
are key components of a sustainable city’s strength and vitality.
• Vision :
o Developing prosperity through green jobs can drive triple bottom-line returns that achieve economic
success, improve equity, and strengthen the environment.
o Opportunities include: increasing the number of green jobs through water and energy efficiency, transit
growth, and improving our national and global competitiveness in the clean tech sector.
Source:
https://www.discoverlosangeles.com/travel/the-
sustainable-city-plan-of-los-angeles
4. Preparedness and Resiliency
• Problems : Los Angeles have increasing climate disruptions facing, including Future Earthquake,
bigger wildfires, longer and hotter heatwaves, and rising sea levels.
• Vision : Form of distributed water solutions to help increase local water supplies and fight fires post-
earthquake, or the integration of grid-tied solar powered backup systems to keep fire stations
running, it is immediately necessary to have proactive solutions to prepare the city.
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