This slide will show you oceans of information about a mosquitoes

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2. Mosquito is an insects with two wings belongs to Class-
Insecta, Order-Diptera, Family-Culicidae, Genus-
Anopheline & Culicine.
 Mosquitoes are the deadliest animal in the world, it
causes 700000 deaths per year.
3500 species in the world out of which 100 species spread
disease in the world.
400 species in India out of which 15 species cause disease
in India.
Mosquitoes are characterized by distinct needle shaped
mouth parts.
What is Mosquito ?
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3. Fun Facts About Mosquito
Size of mosquitoes- 3-6 mm.
Size of big mosquito- 19 mm., such as toxorhynchities its feeds
only on plant juices.
Weight of mosquitoes- 2-2.5 mg, and feeds blood 4-5 mg.
Life span of mosquitoes- male survive two weeks, and female
survive one month.
Mosquitoes lays 5-7 batches of eggs in its life time.
A single female mosquito can lay 1000 eggs in its life time.
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4. Morphology of Mosquito
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5. How do mosquitoes reach us ?
 Like humans mosquito have a sensory
organs like antenna, and maxillary
palpi to detect the host.
 Mosquitoes are attracted to the
Carbon dioxide exhaled from humans
and other animals from 100 feet
distance.
 They also use their receptors to pic up
on body heat, and skin odor to find a
host.
 Once they detect these cues,
mosquitoes can fly towards us to bite
and feed on our blood.
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Antenna
Palpi
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6. Why mosquito need your
Blood ?
 Both male and female mosquito feeds on plant juice for
their basic need of survival, but female mosquito feed
blood on warm blooded animal because she required
protein and necessary nutrients for egg development.
Egg laying position
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7. Four major groups of mosquitoes in India.
How many types Of mosquitoes in
India
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ANOPHELESE AEDES CULEX MANSONIA
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8. ANOPHELESE
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9. AEDES
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10. CULEX
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11. MANSONIA
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12. ADULT MOSQUITOES - BODY
MARKING
Anopheles
Spotted Wings,
Culex
Dull grey
wings
Aedes
Black & white
strips
Mansonia
Pale & white
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13. Life Cycle of Aedes Mosquito
>
>
>
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Adult
Egg
Pupa
Larva
4-5 days
(7-10 days)
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 Lay 100-150 eggs singly.
 Egg is about 1 mm. in length.
 Cigar shaped in appearance.
 Black in colour.
 hatches into larva in 1-2 days.
 Capable of withstanding
desiccation upto one year.
 Can survive during dry period.
Egg

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 After hatching small larva emerges.
 Larva have four instars L1-L2-L3-L4.
 Shows wriggling movement.
 Aedes larva is bottom feeder, hang
head downward in water.
 Larvae feed on micro organisms like
algae and particles of plant and animal
material in water-filled containers.
 Remain in groups in the corners of the
container.
Larva

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 The fourth instar larva becomes
pupa in 1-2 days.
 Pupa is called as tumblers.
 It is non-feeding stage but
actively swims and floats.
 It has cephalothorax and 9
segmented abdomen.
 The pupa becomes adult within
about 1-2 days.
Pupa

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 Adult emerges from the pupal case after
about two days.
 The adult mosquitoes rest for some time
after emergence on the pupal skin or
 the walls of containers till their wings and
legs get harden and then they fly.
 After about 24 hrs. of emergence, female
mosquitoes go for mating and blood meal
for development of eggs.
 life span for adult mosquitoes is around
one month.
 their narrow and typically black body.
 unique patterns of light & dark scales on
the thorax & abdomen.
 alternating light and dark bands on the
legs.
Adult

18. ANOPHELES AEDES CULEX MANSONIA
Breeding
places
Clean water
ponds, wells, pools,
lakes, overhead tanks ,
rain water
Clean water
House hold
containers
Cooler, tyre,
flower pot,
Dirty and
Polluted water
drains, septic
tanks, burrow pit,
cesspools
Aquatic plant
pistia stratiotes &
salvinia
Resting
place
Indoor
(Endophilic)
Indoor Indoor Outdoor
(Exophilic)
Feeding
pattern
Antropophilic &
Zoophilic
Anthropophilic Anthropophilic Anthropophilic
Time of
bite
Evening, Night
and Early morning
Day biters Evening, Midnight Night
Flight
range
2-3 km 400 meter 2-3 km Limited range
Egg laying 50-150 eggs 100-150 eggs 100-250 eggs 50-100 eggs
Special
names
Sophisticated
mosquito
Tiger mosquito Nuisance
mosquito
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Habit of Mosquitoes
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19. Anophelese
• Malaria
Aedes
• Dengue
• Chikungunia
• Yellow Fever
• Zika
Culex
• Bancroftian
Filariasis
• Japanese
Encephalities
Mansonia
• Brugian
Filariasis
Mosquitoes Borne Diseases in
India
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20. S.
N
Disease Vector Pathogens
1. Malaria Anophelese Mosquitoes (09 species)
(An. culicifacies, An. fluviatilis,An. Minimus,
An. dirus, An. stephensi, An. sundaicus, An.
Annularis, An. Philippinensis, An. Varuna)
Parasite
Plasmodium falciparum,P
. vivax, P
.
malariae, P
. Ovale, P. Knowlesi
2. Lymphatic
Filariasis
Culex Mosquitoes
Culex quinquefasciatus,
Mansonia Mosquitoes
Mn. annulifera and Mn.uniformis
Parasitic Worm
Bancroftian Filariasis (W.B.)
Brugian Filariasis (B.M)
3. Japanese
Encephalities
Culex tritaeniorhyncus
(Culex Vishnui Group)
J.E. Virus (Flavi Virus)
4. Dengue/
Chikungunia,
Yellow Fewer,
Zika
Aedes egypti Dengue Virus (Flavi Virus)
(DEN-I, DEN-2, DEN-3, DEN-4)
5. Chikungunia Aedes albopictus Chikungunia Virus (Alfa Virus)
Mosquitoes as Disease Vectors in India
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21. Breeding Places of Anopheles Mosquitoes-
Malaria Vector
Breeds in clean water sources:- Rain water pools and puddles, rice field, irrigation
channels, overhead and ground level water tanks, Cemented tanks, construction sites,
unused wells, water pools, etc.
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22. Breeding Places of Aedes Mosquitoes- Dengue &
Chikungunia Vector
Breeds in Clean and Artificial water Collections:- water coolers, drums, tin, plastic tanks,
cement tanks, discarded containers, disposables (glass, ice cream cups, cold drink bottles, cans),
flower vases, earthen pots, potted plant trays, coconut shells, tree holes, bamboo stumps, etc.
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23. Breeding Places of Culex Mosquitoes- Filaria
& J.E Vector
Breeds in dirty and Polluted water sources:- Drains, Septic tank, ditches, Pits,
stagnant water, etc.
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24. Breeding Places of Mansonia Mosquitoes-
Filaria Vector
Breeds in aquatic plants :- Pistia statiotes and Salvinia plant.
Pistia statiotes Salvinia plant
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25. Mosquito Control Measures
1. ANTI LARVAL MEASURES (to kill Larva)
A. Environmental Control:- (Source Reduction)
Eliminate all breeding sources such as filling depressions, ditching
hoof, remove standing water and empty discarded containers.
B. Chemical Control:-
a. Mineral Oils- MLO, diesel oil, kerosene oil, fuel oil.
b. Larvicides- Temephos, B.t.i., Diflubenzuron and Pyriproxyfen GR.
C. Biological Control:-
a. Larvivorous Fish- Gambusia affinis & Poecilia reticulata(Guppies)
b. Biolarvicide- Bacillus thuringiensis iserailensis (Bti)-Endotoxin.
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26. 2. ANTI ADULT MEASURES (to kill adult mosquitoes)
A. Residual Spray- DDT, Malathion & Deltamethrin.
B. Space Spray- Pyrethrum Extract and Cyphenothrin.
3. PERSONAL PROTECTION AGAINST MOSQUITO
A. Wear full sleeved light coloured cloths.
B. Use mosquito repellent cream, spray, mats, coils & scent.
C. Window and door screening.
D. Use mosquito net.
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27. Personal Protection Against
Mosquito
Wear full sleeved
cloths
Mosquito repellent
cream
Mosquito repellent
spray
Repellent mats,
coils, scent
Window and
door screening
Mosquito net
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28. Vector Borne Diseases can
be Easily Prevented !
It is your, Mine and… our
RESPONSIBILITY
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