Basic network training3

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IBM Confidential | 2013
Basic Network Training
Thanaphum Bannasri
Salatas Padfusup

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IBM ConfidentialBasic Network Training2
 DAY3
- Communication Cable Technologies
- Understanding Wan Technology
- Basic network command
- Basic network troubleshooting
Agenda

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Communication Cable Technologies

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Cable Technology
•Data communication is accomplished with
electromagnetic energy
•A combination of electrical and magnetic
fields vibrating in relation to each other
•Includes power, voice, radio waves, infrared
light, visible light, ultraviolet light, and X, gam
ma, and cosmic rays.

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Cable Technology
•Each of the frequencies constitutes a
portion of the electromagnetic spectru
m.

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Cable technology
Unshielded Twisted-Pair Cable
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UTP 8-position Connector
Cable technology

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Twisted-Pair Cable
 The Electronic Industries Association (EIA) developed standards to grade
UTP
- Category 1 basic twisted-pair cabling used in telephone system.
Fine for voice but inadequate for all but low-speed data communication.
- Category 2 suitable for voice and for data transmission of up to 4 Mbps.
- Category 3 Required to have at least three twists per foot
data transmission of up to 10 Mbps
standard cable for most telephone systems
Cable technology

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Twisted-Pair Cable
- Category 4 at least three twists per fool as well as other conditions, upto 16
Mbps.
- Category 5 data transmission up to 100 Mbps.
- Category 5e Gigabit speed data.
- Category 6 Gigabit speed data
- Category 6A 10G (Augmented Cat 6)
- Category 7* 10G
- *Category 7 are proposed standards
Cable technology

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Shielded twisted-pair (STP)
Cable has a metal foil or braided-mesh covering that
encases each pair of insulated conductors.
The metal casing prevents the penetration of
electromagnetic noise by absorbing the noise into the
shield.
It also can eliminate “crosstalk”.
Cable technology

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Shielded twisted-pair (STP)
STP has the same quality considerations. And
uses the same connectors as UTP. But the shield
must be connected to a ground
Cable technology

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Shielded twisted-pair (STP)
Shielded twisted-pair cable
Plastic
cover
Metal
shield
Insulatio
n
Copper
Cable technology

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Shielded Twisted-Pair
Cable technology
Screened Twisted-Pair
Fully Shielded
(Cat 7)

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STP Connectors
Cable technology

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Understand WAN Connection
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WAN Data-Link Protocols
• HDLC
• PPP
• Frame Relay (LAPF)
• ATM
• Ethernet
• MPLS
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LAB CONFIGURATION CHAP
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Basic network command
Base on CISCO product
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Ping Command
 This command usually used to check active connection between computer or
server.
 Ping sends out a packet to a designated network computer and measures its
response time. The target or other computer will respond and return a signal
to determine the quality of connection to other site or another computer.
Essential Switch Command Training32

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Traceroute (tracert) command
 Tracert (traceroute) is another command adopted from Unix system. Actually
when you try to open facebook.com or google.com in your browser, you ask
your computer to go to that address through hopping into a few router
address.
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Nslookup command
 Helps to diagnose the Domain Name System (DNS) infrastructure and comes
with a number of sub-commands.
 Resolve name to IP Address, IP Address to name, and other records on
domain name.
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ipconfig command
 ipconfig used to display the TCP/IP network configuration values.
 To view switches for ipconfig use ipconfig /? command for help
- /all : show all information for all TCP/IP network
- /release : release specified adapter if you got IP address from DHCP server.
- /renew : renew and ask for new IP address from DHCP server.
- /flushdns : clear all DNS local cache
- /displaydns : displaying what do you have in your local DNS cache.
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ipconfig command
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Basic network troubleshooting
Base on CISCO product
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Determining Route Source and Destination
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Determining L2 and L3 Address
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Introduction to Network Testing
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Testing by OSI Layer 1
• Broken cables
• Disconnected cables
• Cables connected to the wrong ports
• Intermittent cable connection
• Wrong cables used for the task at hand (must use
rollovers,
crossover cables, and straight-through cables correctly)
• Devices turned off
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Testing by OSI Layer 2
• Improperly configured serial interfaces
• Improperly configured Ethernet interfaces
• Improper encapsulation set (HDLC is default for serial interfaces)
• Improper clockrate settings on serial interfaces
• Network interface card (NIC) problems
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Testing by OSI Layer 3
• Routing protocol not enabled
• Wrong routing protocol enabled
• Incorrect IP addresses
• Incorrect subnet masks
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Layer 3 Troubleshooting Using Ping
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Testing Application Layer Using Telnet
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Troubleshooting Using Traceroute
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Q & A
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