2. English theater History and figures 2014
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Amal Soliman
المحتويات
3.................................................................................................................Introduction
4..........................................................................................................................Theater
5...................................................................................TheEnglish theaterhistory of
العربية باللغة البحث بداية.................................................................................................9
مقدمة.........................................................................................................................01
المسرح...............................................................................................................11
األنجليزى المسرح تاريخ.............................................................................................11
المراجع.....................................................................................................................01
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Introduction
Literature, likeart in general, is an expression of "aesthetic effect", visions, experiences,
attitudes, and beliefs. It is way for helping in identify thehuman being, and doubled
awareness. Literatureis an expression and an intensificationof the sense of goodness,
truth, loveand beauty. LiteratureActivity closely related to thelife and civilization, there
is no civilization without ethics or arts in spite of the delay literary renaissancein England
than in other European countries, but it is full of masterpieces.
Here I will define theterm English Literature. It is theoldest Western literatures, a
rich literaturein various genres. Shakespeareis one of themost important British writers
who contributed tofeeding theworld literature. Heis one of thefirst who apply classical
rules authoringdramatist. Thetheater genreexpresses thereality of society throughthe
ages. Theater is father’s art .It is distinctivetypeof literaturethatreflects cultureof the
community and its limits of knowledge. Perhaps thecontinuationof this art and its
development demonstrates thedepth of theEnglish culture. In this paper I try hardly to
identify theEnglish theater, and thestages of its evolution througha simplified
presentation of the history fields and figures.
“All theworld's a stage. And all themen and women merely players”
"William Shakespeare"[1]
William Shakespeare poet (classified as the greatest writer in the English language) and playwright (The playwright senior) English, always
called "national poet" and "poet Avon epic" His works which consist of 38 plays and 158 Sonnet and two poetic stories and some poems, his
plays have been translated into every living language and his works have been performed far more than Molvat any other playwright
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Theater
We received a prolific theater of Greek and Greek eras. It is believed to be due to the
ancient Egyptian era (Ancient Egyptians).Themost important plays representativetothe
inaugurationof the Pharaohs is the pharaoh as a son of God. The play is a certain genre
tells story throughthepeople (representatives) and represent their actionsduringthe
events of theplay.
The elements of the play:
Plot or node: is the generalframework in which you talk about theplay.
Characters: representing thestory and thedialoguescenes.
Dialogue: What representatives say toexpress thestory.
Theater: theplace held by the play.
Theatrical types:
Tragedy: Thestory revolves around a person suffering a major failurein his emotional
and personallife. The end of the play and thestory is always sad.
Avenue Theatre: similar to theformer kind of sad, but with a happy ending for all.
Melodrama: representingpersons with bad harming someof thepoor and vulnerable
people sympathizewith them. The public hates theevil category. It is characterized by
violence and exaggeration in her scenes, focusing on theconflict between good and evil
.it has happy ending wheregood triumphs over evil end.
Comedy: one of the most popular types. That characterized amusing and funny positions,
which aims to delight thepublic and entertainmentthem, but in thedesigned to deliver a
certain idea through comedy.
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The history of the English theater
The first appearanceof ethicalPlays in England was during thefifteenth century.
These plays were photographed personalities representingabstractproperties such as
good and evil. However, theseplays, were not less realistic than theprevious plays, was
aim to teach moraltheviewer lessons.
English literatureis divided intotime periods according tothedominant type.
1. Old English Literature (500-1100AD) where he scored antiqueliteraturein English or
Anglo-Saxon and theepic poem Beowulf is thefirst major work in English literature.
2. Intermediate English Literature (m.1100-1485)Geoffrey Chauceris considered the
greatest writer in the English intermediatethroughwriting shortstories called
Canterbury,a group of comic stories aimed. Travelers tells thesestories to pass thetime
while on their way from London to a religious temple, called Canterbury. Chaucer has
died without being supplemented.
3. The beginning of the modern English (m. 1603) James Burbagefirst establisheda
theater in England in 1576, it called English Renaissancetheatre. Theplays before that
represent thestreets and houses, palaces and universities English.Thetheater had built by
Burbageincentivetobuild other theaters. This helped to increasethespread of the play.
Elizabethan theatricalwas Famous of vitality and focus on emotion. Thomas Kyd play was
called TheSpanish Tragedy (1580) oneof the oldest Elizabethan plays. It is filled with
scenes of violence and madness, has developed a model for topics assassination and
revengein subsequent plays. Therewas a group of Elizabethan theater book called
“University Talented” they studied at theEngland Universities, Oxford and Cambridge.
Among themwere Robert Green, Christopher Marloweand GeorgeBell. Christopher
Marlowe was themost important playwrightof these "talented". He wrote tragedies
revolve around strong personalities called Tamburlaine(1587) and thedateof Dr.
Faustus (m.1588).
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William Shakespeareis greatest playwrights, whocould not any English writer simulation
wonderfulpoetry or his superior ability on thecharacters analysis. Shakespearewas
adopted in the construction of his plays on theimprovisationalcomedy, blending between
tragedy and comedy, as mixing between thescene, the dancing and singing.It was held in
an extended dramatic between placeand space. Shakespeareinductedhistory rather than
superstition. TheEnglish comedy used magic and non-mentalelements.
called theplay-1660)appeared so-(m.1603the ParliamentariansStuart family and.4
Jacob, as it is written in thereign of James the First. Jacob plays reflected Elizabethan
theater especially with respect to violence, Spectator and thesubject of revengewas
reversed. Webster's The Duchess Malfi, (1613) is masterpieceof dramas revenge. This
period is also known satiricalcomedies dealing with exchangea variety of topics. For
example, Francis Beaumont in his play The Knight of the BurningPestleharnesses old
romances and heroes. This play also attacked themerchant class newborn.Ben Jonson's
plays reflect theimpact of theancient Romanian theater. Mocking comedy likeVolpone
(1606) and TheAlchemist (1610) represented shortcomings of human, such as: greed,
ignoranceand superstition.
After thedeath of James the quality of the English theater had deteriorated.
osed theaters in (1642) toclaimthat thetheater evil. This caution hasclParliamentarians
been in effect for eight years untilthe year 1660.
5. Play in the era of property return (1660-1700). After Charles II becameking in (1660)
theaters re-opened and began thetask of English life in the play period. Plays dominated
in two types accordingtothetheaters period property return:
1. Comedy (comedy moral) 2. Heroic play
Moral comedy:Thethemeof this comedy between smart, cynicaland pornography. The
plot dealt with love and romancein a way tainted swab light laugh.
Heroic tragedy: This play was characterized by complex plot which dealt with the
contrast between loveand honor. Most of theevents took place in a distant land. It did not
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focus only on a few incidents on thestage, characters usingalsoflowery epic that shows
theelevation of place. Flowery epic is a form of poetry is composed of two verse rhymed.
Dryden is themost famous literary figurein theera of return Royalage after the
death of Milton in 1674. Hewrotepoetry, literary criticismand popular plays. Thebest
plays of Dryden comedy Marry on theModern Way (1672), thetragedy is It All for Love
(1677). In addition, Dryden wrotesome of themost beautifulliterary criticismin English
literature, and his articleabout thetheatricalpoetry (1668),which contains a super
analysis of Shakespeare’s works. Dryden has written a number of heroic tragedies such as
theopening of Granada (1670-1671) and Orange - Zippy (1675m).
6. August Age (1700-1750) theaterhas not been given special attention.
7. Johnson era (1750-1784) Goldsmithis one of the most famous writers of this age. He
has wonderfulbooks: A novel Priest Wakefield (1766). It tells us about the misfortune
good cleric and his family. The poem is The Deserted Village (1770) for thedeterioration
of life in the English village. As for his play “She Stoops to Conquer” arewonderfulclassic
play (1773).
8. Romantic literature (1784-1832pm) did not mention anything abouttheplay during
this era.
9. Victorian literature (1832-1901m) has written theplay again at theend of the
Victorian era, as therewere no significantplays in England sincethelate eighteenth
century totheend of the nineteenthcentury centuries. However, in thebeginning of the
twentieth century,number of writers returned lifeintothe English theater by producing
realistic plays about thesocial problems. Oscar Wilde recalled the era of moral comedy
glittering by his play Lady Windermere's Fan (1892), An IdealHusband (1895). George
Bernard Shawwrotehis plays, however, he was interested primarily detects flaws he saw
in thecommunity. Includethebest work produced by theend of thenineteenth century
wrotePinerowere Arms and theMan (1894) and Candida (1895). Sir Arthur Wing
number of Comedies and melodrama. But he built his reputation on his play The Second
Mrs Tanqueray (1893) and other socialdramas.
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10. In twentieth centurytowplays The Lady's Not For Burning is a play by Christopher
Fry (1948) and TheCocktailParty is a play by T. S. Eliot were interested in theplay poetic
briefly. Osbornewroteforbidden Guide(1964), and many other plays that revolve
around a centralfigures.Harold Pinter was one of the most important playwrightsin the
post-war period where the comedy that looks normalon the surfacewhilein fact involve
an implicit dangerous meaning.Theearly famous of his plays were The Birthday party
(1958).
11. English theater today is medley.Themost important writers Harold Pinter whowrote
a very powerful theatricalplays like The Trial(1993) and Betrayal(1978).Criticshave
praised Tom Stoppard becauseof the oral smart style, complex plots of his plays and
philosophicalthemes. Considered Jumpers (1972) and Arcadia (1994) areamong the
most originality of business in themodern English theater.In thetheatricalexuberance
(1978) David Hare wrotestrongly about decadencewhichhesaw in English society in
thepostwar period. Among themost famous of his works is The Absenceof War (1993).
Simon Gray has created animated of a group of rationalanxious in his play Butley
(m.1971). WrotePeter Shaffer Amadeus (1979) is a complex play about thefamous
musician Mozart. CarylChurchillmixed the past with thepresent in her play Cloud IX
(1981), alsoshe written Top Girls (1982) as a fictionalplay in women's literature.
Dennis Potter is one of the giants of playwrightsat thepresent time. Potter writes for
TV in themain, has been working his intelligenceand imaginationsuccessfully through
this media outlet. Among themost important works Potter pennies from heaven (1978,
published 1981) TheSinging Detective(1986). Among themost famous playwrights who
are notorious writings of TV David Mercer. Alan Bennett has successfully writtenfor
theater, radio, television from his works Habeas Corpus (1973) TheMadness of GeorgeIII
(1992).
9. English theater History and figures 2014
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Amal Soliman
اإلنجليزي المسرح
تاريخهوأعالمه
:إعداد
سليمان أمل
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