1. Country Report: Burkina Faso
Professor: Thomas Osang
Student: Alanood Alotaibi
Date: 12 May 2015

2. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
1/
64
Content
Part I
...........................................................................................................................................................
2
Introduction
..............................................................................................................................................
2
Part II
..........................................................................................................................................................
5
Economic Performance
................................................................................................................................
5
Demographics and Human Capital Formation
.........................................................................................
6
Capital Accumulation
...............................................................................................................................
8
Inequality
.................................................................................................................................................
9
Government Role and Performance
.......................................................................................................
10
Geographic and Natural Resource Information
......................................................................................
12
International Linkages
............................................................................................................................
13
PART III:
..................................................................................................................................................
14
Economic Performance Comparison
......................................................................................................
14
Demographics Comparison
....................................................................................................................
14
Capital Accumulation Comparison
........................................................................................................
15
Human Capital Formation Comparison
..................................................................................................
16
Inequality Comparison
...........................................................................................................................
17
International Linkages
............................................................................................................................
17
Part IV
.......................................................................................................................................................
18
Conclusion
.............................................................................................................................................
18
Suggestions
............................................................................................................................................
18
References
.................................................................................................................................................
20
Appendix A
...............................................................................................................................................
23
Appendix B
...............................................................................................................................................
24
Appendix C
...............................................................................................................................................
49

3. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
2/
64
Part I
Introduction
Burkina Faso is the landlocked country in the western Sub-Saharan part of Africa. Its
territory is 274,000 km (75th
in the world), the population is 17.3 million (61st
in the world). The
country’s neighbors are Mali to the North (the length of the border is 1,325 km), Niger to the
East (622 km), both of which are also land-locked states. The south neighbors: Benin (386 km),
Togo (131 km), Ghana (602 km) and Côte d'Ivoire (545 km) have access to the Atlantic Ocean.
A former French colony, the country gained independence in 1960 as Upper Volta, by the
name of the river that commences in the country. Since then there were several military
interventions, mainly during the periods of crises. In 1983 the power in the country was seized
by Thomas Sankara, who leaded radical left-wing policies. He also renamed the country Burkina
Faso, which translates as the land of “honest (upraised) man”. In four years Thomas Sankara was
overthrown by his colleague, Blaise Compaore, who re-introduced a multi-party system, but at
the same time adopted the constitution to be in power for 27 years.
In October of 2014 under the pressure of mass demonstrations, the president Blaise
Compaore resigned. As The Guardian wrote: “In a continent where dictators and presidents-for-
life are all too common, with devastating consequences for the countries they rule, this was a
magnificent example that power is not immutable and people can be in control of their own
destinies” [1]. The same day demonstrations were abruptly stopped by the militants, who
dismissed the government, dissolved the parliament and imposed interim administration, headed
by the temporarily executive president Michel Kafando and the prime-minister Yacouba Isaac
Zida, until the next elections (scheduled for October 11th
, 2015).

4. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
3/
64
The 17 million of the country population consists of more than 60 different ethnic groups
that speak more than 60 languages, mostly native to their regions. The most spread language is
spoken by less than half of the population. The only official language is French. [2]
According to different estimates, the dominant religion of the country is Muslim (about
60 % of population). The second largest is Roman Catholic – 19%. 15% of people have their
indigenous beliefs, and 4% are protestants. Islam and Christianity are practiced in tandem with
indigenous religions. The country is claimed to be a secular state. The government generally
respected religious freedom in practice. According to U.S. Department of State, there were no
reports of societal abuses or discrimination based on religious affiliation, belief, or practice. [3]
Most of the population lives in the central and eastern parts of the country, where
agricultural activity is possible. The northern part of Burkina Faso is Sahel - the region south of
the Sahara, which is at risk of becoming desert. In this part of the country dry season lasts up to
eight or nine months, when rivers dry up and people’s lives are at threat. The population is
primarily rural, with less than 30% living in urban areas. Large portion of Burkinabe are children
under 14. Many of the adults are illiterate.
According to United Nations Human Development Report 2014, Burkina Faso is one of
the worst countries in the world for living, placed at 181st
place in the list of 187 countries (the
worst 187th
placed Niger is the neighbor of Burkina Faso) [15].
Burkina Faso is a poor country with only 1.6 thousand US$ GDP per capita (in 2011
constant PPP-adjusted prices), however with a remarkable history of accelerating growth rates.
Agriculture comprises 32% of GDP, while above 80% of population is occupied in this sector of
the economy. Cotton, gold and livestock are the main cash generators for the country. China
(with 26% share) and Turkey (25%), countries with developed textile industry, are the major

5. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
4/
64
export partners of Burkina Faso. Consequently, Burkina Faso’s economy is vulnerable to
periodic droughts in the region, and also to the world fluctuations in the cotton prices. The other
major export commodity, gold, is also very vulnerable to changes in prices in the world
commodity markets. So, the country exports low value-added raw agricultural products and
minerals, and, on the other hand, imports manufactured products with higher value added [14].
Same time, the industry is dominated by unprofitable government-controlled corporations [16].
Small and medium business is not developed in Burkina Faso. According to World Bank
ranking [17], Burkina Faso is placed 167th
among 189 countries in terms of doing business.
The development of financial institutions is one of the reasons, hindering the
entrepreneurship progress. World Bank estimates that only 26% of Burkinabe population has
access to financial services. The financial system remains dominated by large multinational
banks; the banking sector comprises only 12 banks [18]. The financial sector represents 30% of
the country’s GDP, and it is dominated by the banking sector. The banking sector is highly
concentrated with three largest banks accounting for 60% of total financial assets in the country.
Banks are adequately capitalized, but remain vulnerable due to overexposure to the companies
from the cotton sector [14].
Burkina Faso is a member of ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States).
The country is also part of WAEMU (West African Economic and Monetary Union), that was
created as customs and currency union to promote economic integration in the region. It shares
common currency with other WAEMU members, CFA Franc, and its monetary policy is
conducted by the Central Bank of West African States, which adopted a fixed-currency exchange
regime with the goal for price stability.

6. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
5/
64
Part II
Economic Performance
Burkina Faso is one of the low income countries. Its total GDP in 2012 was 8.6 billion in
constant 2005 U.S. Dollar per 16.5 mln of population, or 500 constant 2005 U.S. Dollar per
capita, which is almost 1.6 thousand in 2011 constant PPP-adjusted US$.
Even such low income of the country is a result of an exponential GDP growth rates
(see Graph B1) with 4.7% compound annual growth rate for the period of 1970-2013 and 6.1%
CAGR since 2000.
The outstanding feature of the country development is that not only overall GDP have
been growing, but also per capita domestic product was increasing with accelerating pace despite
simultaneously accelerating growth of the country population (see Graphs B2, B3, B6): with
1.35%, 2.28% and 4.02% average per decade GDP per capita annual growth rates in 1970s,
1990s and in 2010-2013 respectively.
The three major components of the country domestic product are: agriculture (34%),
extractive industries (13%) and commerce (11.8%) (see Graph B8).
Half of agricultural segment is crop growing despite the fact that only a small portion of
the country land is appropriate for crop growing, with draughts being the major threat to the
industry. Crops are mainly grown in the south and southwest. Burkina Faso is a leading cotton
producer in sub-Saharan Africa, but Burkinabe also grow sorghum, peanuts, pearl millet, and
maize. Livestock farming is another 30% of agricultural segment. The rest is forestry, hunting
and fishing. [4]

7. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
6/
64
The mining industry is dominated by gold. Other mineral resources are copper,
manganese, tin ore and phosphates. The increasing number of people is employed in this industry.
It is the major attractor of foreign direct investments as well as it is an increasingly important
source of the government revenues. According to EITI (Extractive Industries Transparency
Initiative), the mining companies paid USD 370 mln in taxes and other payments to the
government in 2012. [5]
Gold and cotton are the major items of the country’s trade, connecting it with the
developed world, the major destinations being Asia and Europe. They generate revenues to the
country, but also make it considerably exposed to the volatility of the international markets.
These industries are also claimed to be involved into child labor and slavery. [6]
The country has rather low unemployment rate, which according to the ILO estimate, has
been in the range of 2% and 3.5% during 1991 – 2013 (see Graph B5). This is especially
remarkable on the background of very high labor force participation rate of 85% of total
population aged 15-64 (2013 ILO estimate). At the same time, hundreds of thousands of
Burkinabe regularly find seasonal agricultural work in Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire.
Demographics and Human Capital Formation
Burkina Faso is situated in a relatively densely populated part of Africa (see Picture B9).
There are on average 62 persons per square kilometer in the country, however most of the
population lives in its central and eastern parts.
In 2012 total number of people in Burkina Faso reached 17 million. This is about three
times as much as in 1970. As can be seen from Graph B5, number of people in the country has

8. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
7/
64
been following an exponential trend, common to Africa. It means that the number of people has
been increasing at an increasing pace.
According to Graph B7, the country population growth rate was increasing from 1.8% in
the early 1970s to 3% in 2008 with a major surge at the beginning of 1980s. Starting 2008 the
growth rate was on a downward trend, yet well above 2.5% per annum.
Population growth rate is the result of common influence from population birth and death
rates (in the absence of migration). In 2012 women in Burkina Faso delivered a bit less than 6
children on average, down from above 7 in 1980. This gave above 40 live newborns per 1000
people, or 16% less compared to 1980. So, the crude birth rate in the country has been declining
since the beginning of 1980s (see Graph B11).
But so has been the death rate. According to Graph B10, since 1970 till 2012 crude death
rate in the country decreased from 25 to 11 of deaths per 1000 of population, which is
comparable with developed countries. This 56% decrease of the death rate comes as the result of
many factors. One of them is evolution of the healthcare system.
According to Graph B23 there was only one physician per 100 thousand of people in
1970, whereas nowadays one physician is to serve five times less people. In terms of total
numbers, it is 58 physicians in the whole country with 5.6 million of people in 1970 versus 730
physicians per 15.5 million in 2010. The index of physicians per 1,000 people in Burkina Faso is
considerably below that of developed part of the world. But even such improvement of
healthcare system was followed by increase of life expectancy at birth from less than 40 years in
1970 to above 55 in 2012 (see Graph B21) and decrease of infant mortality rate from 150 to 64
per 1000 live births (see Graph B22).

9. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
8/
64
High birth rate along with very low life expectancy until recent decades resulted in a very
young population of the country. According to Graph B12, children up to 14 years old make
about 45% of the total country population, whereas share of old people is considerably below 5%.
Such a large portion of young people in the total structure makes a burden to the society.
Age Dependency Ratio of young people in Burkina Faso is 88% and total Age Dependency
Ratio is 92%. So, people of Burkina Faso enter labor forth early in their lives: according to
national estimate in 2006, labor force participation of people aged 15-24 is 65% (see Graph B13).
Burkina Faso has made a remarkable progress in terms of schooling its population. But it
is still very underdeveloped country in this respect. Primary school enrollment in the country in
2012 was 85% (up from 12% in 1970), but the secondary and tertiary school enrollments were
only 26% and 4.6% respectively (see Graph B19). As long as for many decades very little
fraction of population attended primary school, very large part of adult population in the country
is still illiterate: only 28% of people ages 15 and above were literate (see Graph B20).
Capital Accumulation
Gross fixed capital formation in Burkina Faso remains on comparatively low level
during the last decade, fluctuating between 14% and 22% of GDP (see Graph B15). This level
would be considered normal for an industrialized and economically developed country, but not
for poor agricultural and mineral resources based economy.
The reliance of the economy merely on land and mineral resources on one hand and
high fertility rate on the other hand lead to the situation, when there is high demand for the
consumption of goods, which is not supported by the internal production of those goods. It leads

10. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
9/
64
to the current account deficit of Burkina Faso economy, which prevails for many years (see
Graph B16).
Inequality
Burkina Faso is a poor country with more than 45% of population living below the
national poverty line (see Graph B25), which is roughly about 1.25 US$ spending per day. More
than 70% of people live for less 2 US$ per day [9].
Only 47% of Burkinabe children under age five sleep under insecticide-treated mosquito
nets, whereas the region is rich with pest insects, tsetse flies (sleeping sickness carrier), termites
and locusts. [10]
Such poverty is aggravated by inequality in the society. According to the World Bank
estimate Burkina Faso’s Gini coefficient in 2009 was 40% (see Graph B24). This Burkina Faso’s
Gini coefficient is average among its neighbors, with higher equality in poore countries to the
North and higher inequality in richer countries that have access to the ocean.
The country is not blamed for severe discrimination of women, yet there is some
inequality in women participation in the social life, which may well be explained by the fact that
average woman in the country apart from social life participation is to deliver and raise on
average up to 6 children in her life.
According to Graphs B21- B26, female enrollment in the primary and secondary
education has considerably increased in the last years and reached almost 95% and 80%
respectively, however tertiary enrollment hardy reached 50% in 2012, however this is almost
five times higher rate compared to 1970. Taking into account that female school enrollment have
been equalized with men only in the last two decades, there is still 40% gap between female and

11. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
10/
64
male literacy. Yet we expect this gap to decrease with time should at least current level of female
enrollment in education sustain. It is remarkable that in 2014 parliament number of seats held by
women in the national parliament increased more than two times compared to 1998, however
general labor forth participation practically remained the same 85%.
Government Role and Performance
Government performance in Burkina Faso could be called double-edged. On one hand, a
few positive trends are obvious. Among these is inflation, which became much less volatile and
does not exceed 10% in the last decade (see Graph B32). Another important improvement in the
economic environment in Burkina Faso is the ease of registering new business. Time that an
entrepreneur can start new business decreased three times in the last decade from 40 days in
2005 to merely 13 days in 2014 (see Graph B36).
Among negatives of the government role are rather volatile magnitudes of the
government expenditures from year to year with significant amount spent for military expenses
(more than 10%), which is not very good for developing economy (see Graphs B33, B34).
Moreover, the country persistently suffers budget deficit of 2% to 6% (see Graph B35). The
perception of the government and authorities as being highly corruptive also prevails and the
situation only worsened in the most recent years: Corruption Perception Index increased from 3
in 2011 to 3.8 in 2013 (see Graph B37).
State budget of the country made 1 603 billion CFAF in 2012. In the last decade the state
budget was growing at a rate faster than that of GDP: 2003/2012 CAGR was 14% for the state
budget versus 10% for GDP. So while in 2003 the state budget amounted to 21% of the country
Gross Domestic product, it was already 28% in 2012 (see Table 46).

12. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
11/
64
Almost all sources of the state budget revenue have been increasing in volume, yet their
growth rates varied considerably. So, the composition of the state budget is not stable from year
to year.
Tax revenue is traditionally the major income source of the government budget: 46% to
61% of the total budget. Tax burden on GDP (government tax revenue to GDP) amounts on
average about 13% - 14%. Half of the tax income comes from Domestic taxes on goods and
services. Another one-third is taxes on income, profits and capital gains. And 14% are import
taxes and duties.
The second largest source of government income is donations (26% of the total 2012
government budget, or about half of the government tax revenue).
Burkina Faso is a constant receiver of the external aid. In 2012 the country received about
1.1 billion of US dollars as Official Development Assistance (see Graph 47), which is about
USD 65 per capita, or 10% of GDP. As can be seen from Table 48, the assistance comes from an
extended list of countries and financial institutions. The largest donors in 2012 were World Bank,
USA and United Nations. The largest European donors were Sweden, France and Germany.
China and Japan are also helping Burkina Faso on bilateral bases. 90% of the aid comes as
subsidiary and 10% are loans.
About 30% of the Official Development Assistance is directed for social sector. Half of it
comes for health, including 27 million US dollars for HIV / AIDS. Another 37% goes to
production and production support. And 20% is aimed to cover the country government debt (to
form the above mentioned 26% of the government budget).

13. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
12/
64
Table 49 shows evolution of government spending allocations from the state budget from
2009 to 2013. Positive aspect of the government spending allocations is that up to 50% of it
comes for investments. This has been one of the reasons why country GDP growth outpaced that
of population expansion. These government investments will continue support country
development in the future.
Geographic and Natural Resource Information
Overall the country climate has pronounced wet and dry seasons. Geographically it is
divided by three climate zones: Sahel, Sudan-Sahel, and the Sudan-Guinea. Sahel (northern part
of the country) is the transition zone between Sahara Desert in north and tropical savanna in
south. The Sahel region receives less than 600 mm of rainfall per year and has high temperatures
ranging 41.0–116.6 °F. Sudan-Guinea zone (southern part of the country) receives more than
900 mm of rain each year and has lower temperatures. Sudan-Sahel is the transitional zone
between the two.
The 274,200 sq km of country terrain is mostly flat with scattered hills in the west and
southeast. Half of the terrain is forests and woodland, 22% is occupied by permanent grasses and
only 13% is arable. [11]
The main mineral resource of the country is gold. There have been 7 gold mines in
operation since 2013. Other mining resources of the country include manganese, bauxite, copper,
nickel, lead, zinc, and limestone/marble [5]. Burkinabe still use basic gold mining techniques,
with men going down small shafts and women pounding the rocks. The precious metal is panned
from the crushed rock powder using water and a huge bowl. [12]

14. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
13/
64
Mineral rent of the country increased from almost zero in 2006 to 9% in 2011 as gold
mining developed (Mineral rents are the difference between the value of production for a stock
of minerals at world prices and their total costs of production. Minerals included in the
calculation are tin, gold, lead, zinc, copper, nickel, silver, bauxite, and phosphate.) [13]
Agriculture products of the Country are cotton (the dominant one), peanuts, shea nuts,
sesame, sorghum, millet, corn, rice.
Recent droughts and desertification severely influence agricultural activities in the
country, its population distribution and the economy.
International Linkages
The economy of Burkina Faso suffered severely from the conflict with Ivory Coast. Ivory
Coast used to be the biggest international trading partner for Burkina Faso. Moreover, many
people from Burkina Faso migrated seasonally to Ivory Coast to work on cocoa and other
agricultural plots. This resulted in significant personal remittances received in Burkina Faso,
which reached even up to 8% of GDP by the end of 1980s (see Graph B43). However, this
situation changed drastically after the political unrest and civil war began in Ivory Coast. This
led to the significant decrease in the seasonal migration of workers from Burkina Faso to Ivory
Coast and consequently the decrease, to 1% of GDP recently, in amounts of private international
transfers to Burkina Faso.

15. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
14/
64
PART III:
Economic Performance Comparison
Burkina Faso’s economic growth pattern approximately replicates the tendency in other
low income countries (LICs) in the most recent decades. In 2000s the average GDP per capita
growth rate was 2.34% annually compared to 2.74% in other LICs (see Table C2). In the most
recent 2010-2013 years the average growth rate per capita in Burkina Faso increased to 4.02% on
average compared to 3.98% in other LICs. Therefore the curves of GPP per capita in Burkina
Faso and other LICs are parallel over the recent years (see Graph C1). Overall, current GPD per
capita of 510 US$ in Burkina Faso slightly exceeds the average of 456 US$ in other LICs mostly
owing to better Burkina Faso’s performance during 1990s decade when the country
outperformed other LICs in terms of the economic growth.
Stable economic growth in Burkina Faso is maintained partially by relatively low level of
unemployment in the country (see Graph C3). Despite unemployment increased from 2.3% in
2006 to 3.1% in 2013, Burkina Faso’s unemployment level remains low compared to the average
level in other LICs, where it remains at around 5% for a long period of time.
Demographics Comparison
In recent years, the growth of population in Burkina Faso outperformed other LICs on
average (see Graph C4). The difference of about 0.5% remains stable for about 10 years. For
instance, population growth rate in Burkina comprised 2.84% in 2013 compared to 2.24% in
other LICs. This demographic dynamics is maintained by commonly very high fertility rate in
LICs, and in Burkina Faso particularly. On average every woman bears more than 5 children in

16. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
15/
64
Burkina Faso, while in other LICs it amounts to about 4 children per woman (see Graph C5).
Such high fertility rate is common for this African region. Niger and Mali, northern neighbors of
Burkina Faso, are two top-countries in the world by the fertility rate, according to the World
Factbook of CIA [7]. Due to such high birth rate, Burkina Faso has relatively high age
dependency ratio in the country (see Graph C6), 92% compared to 77% on average in other LICs.
It means that each working person in the country should care about one non-working person.
However, general tendency in LICs, as well as in Burkina Faso, is gradually decreasing fertility
rate and age dependency ratio.
In all LICs there is general tendency for both birth rate and death rate to decrease in
parallel pattern (see Graph 29). However, Burkina Faso has higher rates for both indicators.
Capital Accumulation Comparison
Burkina Faso’s gross domestic saving rate exceeded the average in other LICs in the most
recent years (see Graph C7). However, Burkina Faso underperformed compared to other LICs in
terms of savings amounts for a long time period before 2010. Low savings rate in previous
period likely led the country to underperform by the ratio of gross fixed capital formation during
the last decade (see Graph C8). Investments into the economy and resulting capital stock
formation could enhance the economy growth and facilitate the change in the economy structure
from pure agriculture and raw materials country to more industrialized country. However, it
seems that currently the country is not making enough capital investments.
Burkina Faso’s economy still heavily relies on agricultural production, the role of which
only increases due to the lack of the country’s industrialization. The share of agriculture in the
total GDP increased from 29% in 1990 to 35% in 2012 (see Graph C10 and Graph C11).
Although this magnitude was very volatile within the period, since the performance of the

17. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
16/
64
agriculture in Burkina Faso is very sensitive to the weather conditions. Meanwhile, in LICs the
average share of agriculture decreased from 38% in 1990 to 28% in 2012.
Human Capital Formation Comparison
The situation in Burkina Faso education is gradually improving, as larger share of the
population is enrolled into education every year. However, the country still lags behind other
LICs in terms of school enrollment magnitude (see Graphs C12-C14). If the difference in the
primary education enrollment is not that significant, then the difference in secondary and tertiary
school enrollment is substantial. In LICs almost half of the population on average is already
enrolled into secondary education, while in Burkina Faso only every fourth person gets
secondary education. The percentage of those enrolled in the tertiary education is also twice
bigger in LICs on average compared to Burkina Faso, 9.2% enrolled in LICs compared to merely
4.6% in Burkina Faso in 2012. The difference in the magnitude of the school enrollment results
in the big difference in the overall literacy rate in LICs on average and Burkina Faso. According
to the last data available, literacy rate in Burkina Faso was 28.7% in 2007 compared to 60.4% in
LICs on average in 2010 (see Table C15).
Health development in Burkina Faso similarly lags behind LICs on average. Despite the
fact that life expectancy rate in Burkina Faso increased from 45 years to 55 years during the last
three decades, it is the same 5 years less than in LICs on average, the same as in the previous
periods (see Graph C16).
The low pace in the health development is even more noticeable, if taking the indicator of
infant mortality into account. In 1980s the situation with infant mortality in Burkina Faso was at
least better than in other LICs on average (see Graph C17). But now with 64 deaths per 1,000
births, Burkina Faso looks worse than LICs with 53 deaths on average.

18. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
17/
64
Inequality Comparison
Although Burkina Faso is in the region, where the poverty is most severe in the world,
but the situation is gradually improving. Moreover, Burkina Faso slightly over performs other
LICs in terms of the efforts to diminish poverty. According to the data available (see Table C18),
71.2% of the Burkina Faso’s population lived for less than 1.25 US$ per day compared to 67.1%
in other LICs. But in 2009 this indicator dropped to 44.5% in Burkina Faso’s compared to 48.6%
in other LICs (2010) on average.
Gender inequality issue is although present in Burkina Faso, but its scale does not differ
significantly from the other LICs on average. Such indicators of the gender inequality in Burkina
Faso as female primary and secondary school enrollment, female labor force participation or
proportion of female seats in national parliament are comparable to those in other LICs (see
Graphs 19-24).
International Linkages
One of the positive trends in the Burkina Faso’s economy is the sharp increase in the
amount of Foreign Direct Investment inflows into the country in the most recent years. The FDI
volume almost never exceeded 1% of GDP in Burkina Faso, while in 2012-2013 years FDI
exceeded 3% of the country’s GDP. However, if compared with the other LICs, Burkina Faso
still lags behind in the efforts of attraction foreign investments (see Graph C26).

19. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
18/
64
Part IV
Conclusion
In the last four decades Burkina Faso has shown good pace of economic growth and its
human capital development. But this progress resulted from the country efforts as well as due to
low base for comparison. Further improvement will require increasing efforts from the society
and its state and face greater challenges. Taking to account that in the last 27 years there has
been authoritarian power regime of unchangeable leader Compaore, there is chance for the
country to
The country is ranked 167 (down from 154) in the Doing Business 2015 report, which is
middle of the last quartile from the list of 189 countries [8]. This downgrade of the country came
on the background that according to the report Sub-Saharan block of countries is among the best
reformers, and the Burkina Faso neighbors Cote d’Ivoire, Togo and Benin in the top-ten.
In the last decade the Country has been intensively exploiting its mineral resources and
since 2013 became the 4th largest gold producer in Africa [5]. The sector supported the country
employment and growth. The Blaise Compaore government launched a vast infrastructure
building program as part of its accelerated growth and sustainable development strategy, known
under the French acronym SCADD. The political uncertainty in the country in the last year put
these initiatives under threat as well as it may threaten overall possibility of the state to capitalize
on extensive exploitation of the mines for the sake of Burkina Faso overall society instead.
Suggestions
Following the analysis in this Report, we see following recommendations can be of value
to improve the development in Burkina Faso:

20. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
19/
64
1. The transition period that is supervised by the interim administration of military
forces should be finalized with fair elections and restoration of the political process
according to the country constitution.
2. The country should continue developing its human capital by enhancing and
encouraging its enrolment in effective education, which is a long term condition for
sustainable economic development and political stability.
3. The government should continue its programs on infrastructure development. This
will improve the general investment attractiveness of the country. Financing of these
projects can be supported by companies that are attracted to Burkina Faso by its resources
(gold, cotton) via thought-out and enforced investment obligations to them.
4. The above recommendation of drawing current investors into country infrastructure
development can be effective only if corruption is not eroding political and economic
institutions of the country. Hence, the country should continue its run on corruption and
improve state mechanisms that define the quality of “doing business”.
5. The country should aim at increase of its added value in the global value chains in
order to gradually escape its role of raw materials appendage. This can be attempted by
providing considerable advantages to investors in value-added sectors (like textile, food
procession etc.) over those who invest into extraction of raw materials.

21. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
20/
64
References
[1] THE GUARDIAN. (2014) Africa for optimists: 2014 in review [ONLINE] Available at:
http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/dec/17/africa-for-optimists-2014-in-review.
[Accessed 04 April 2015].
[2] ETHNOLOGUE. (2015). Languages of Burkina Faso. [ONLINE] Available at:
http://www.ethnologue.com/product/18-Report-BF. [Accessed 04 April 2015].
[3] U.S. Department of State. (2015). Burkina Faso. [ONLINE] Available at:
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2010/148665.htm. [Accessed 04 April 2015].
[4] African Economic Outlook. 2014. Burkina Faso. [ONLINE] Available at:
http://www.africaneconomicoutlook.org/en/countries/west-africa/burkina-faso/ [Accessed
04 April 2015].
[5] EITI. (2015). Burkina Faso. [ONLINE] Available at: https://eiti.org/BurkinaFaso.
[Accessed 04 April 2015].
[6] U.S. Department of Labor. List of goods produced by child labor or forced labor. [ONLINE]
Available at: http://www.dol.gov/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods/.
[Accessed 04 April
2015].
[7] Central Intelligence Agency. (2015). World Factbook. [ONLINE] Available at:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2127rank.html
[Accessed 04 April 2015].

22. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
21/
64
[8] WORLD BANK. (2015). Doing business 2015. [ONLINE]. Available at:
http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-
Reports/English/DB15-Full-Report.pdf [Accessed 04 April 2015].
[9] WORLD BANK. World Development indicators, 2015.
[10] UNITED NATIONS. (2014). The Millennium Development Goals Report 2014. [ONLINE].
Available at:
http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/2014%20MDG%20report/MDG%202014%20English
%20web.pdf [Accessed 04 April 2015].
[11] Burkina Faso Geography. (2015). [ONLINE] Available at:
http://www.photius.com/wfb/wfb1999/burkina_faso/burkina_faso_geography.html.
[Accessed 04 April 2015]
[12] Economy & Industry — Burkina Faso — Our Africa . (2015). [ONLINE]. Available at:
http://www.our-africa.org/burkina-faso/economy-industry. [Accessed 04 April 2015]
[13] Burkina Faso - Natural resources contribution to GDP. (2015). [ONLINE]. Available at:
http://www.indexmundi.com/facts/burkina-faso/natural-resources-contribution-to-gdp.
[Accessed 04 April 2015]
[14] Wikipedia. Economy of Burkina Faso. (2015). [ONLINE]. Available at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Burkina_Faso. [Accessed 04 April 2015]
[15] UNITED NATIONS. Human Development Report 2014. (2014). [ONLINE]. Available at:
http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf. [Accessed 04 April 2015]

23. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
22/
64
[16] Internet World Stats. Burkina Faso. (2015). [ONLINE]. Available at:
http://www.internetworldstats.com/af/bf.htm. [Accessed 04 April 2015]
[17] WORLD BANK. (2015). Doing Business 2015. Going Beyond Efficiency. Economy Profile
2015. Burkina Faso. [ONLINE]. Available at:
http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/giawb/doing%20business/documents/profiles/countr
y/BFA.pdf
[18] Making Finance Work for Africa. Burkina Faso. Financial Sector Profile. (2015).
[ONLINE]. Available at: http://www.mfw4a.org/burkina-faso/burkina-faso-financial-
sector-profile.html. [Accessed 04 April 2015]

24. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
23/
64
Appendix A

25. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
24/
64
Appendix B
Graph B1: GDP in Burkina Faso (in millions of constant 2005 U.S. Dollar)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B2: GDP per Capita in Burkina Faso (constant 2005 U.S. Dollar)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
GDP
per
capita
in
Burkina
Faso,
1970-­‐2013
(2005
constant
US$
)

26. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
25/
64
Graph B3: GDP per Capita in Burkina Faso in 1990-2013 (2011 constant PPP-adjusted
US$)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Table B4: Average GDP per Capita Growth Rate in Burkina Faso per Decade
Decade Average annual GDP Growth Rate
per capita per decade
1970s 1.35%
1980s 1.16%
1990s 2.28%
2000s 2.34%
2010s* 4.02%
*2010-2013 years
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
GDP
per
capita
in
Burkina
Faso,
1990-­‐2013
(2011
constant
PPP-­‐adjusted
US$)

27. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
26/
64
Graph B5: Unemployment Rate in Burkina Faso in 1991-2013, % (modeled ILO estimate)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B6: Burkina Faso Population in 1970-2015
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
1.5
1.7
1.9
2.1
2.3
2.5
2.7
2.9
3.1
3.3
3.5
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
0
2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,000
12,000,000
14,000,000
16,000,000
18,000,000
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012

28. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
27/
64
Graph B7: Burkina Faso Population Growth Rate in 1970-2015 (annual %)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B8: GDP by sector (percentage)
2012
Agriculture,
hunting,
forestry,
fishing
34,3
Mining
13,1
Manufacturing
9,6
Electricity,
gas
and
water
1,1
Construction
5,8
Wholesale
and
retail
trade,
hotels
and
restaurants
11,8
Transport,
storage
and
communication
3,4
Finance,
real
estate
and
business
services
3,6
Public
administration,
education,
health
and
social
work,
community,
social
and
personal
services
14,9
Other
services
2,3
Source: African Economic Outlook, 2014. Burkina Faso.
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012

29. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
28/
64
Picture B9: Population Density map for Africa and Burkina Faso in 2000.
Source: http://www.catsg.org/cheetah/07_map-centre/7_1_entire-range/thematic-
maps/human_density_africa_2000.png
Graph B10: Burkina Faso’s Crude Birth Rate and Crude Death Rate in 1970-2012
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Birth
rate,
crude
(per
1,000
people)
Death
rate,
crude
(per
1,000
people)

30. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
29/
64
Graph B11: Burkina Faso’s Total Fertility Rate (births per woman) in 1970-2012
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B12: Age structure of population in Burkina Faso
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
PopulaXon
ages
65
and
above
(%
of
total)
PopulaXon
ages
15-­‐64
(%
of
total)
PopulaXon
ages
0-­‐14
(%
of
total)

31. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
30/
64
Graph B13: Burkina Faso’s Age Dependency Ratio
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B14: Burkina Faso Gross domestic saving rate in 1970-2013 (% of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Age
dependency
raXo,
old
(%
of
working-­‐age
populaXon)
Age
dependency
raXo,
young
(%
of
working-­‐age
populaXon)
-­‐10
-­‐5
0
5
10
15
20
25
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012

32. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
31/
64
Graph B15: Gross fixed capital formation in Burkina Faso in 1979-2012 (% of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B16: Burkina Faso current account surplus (deficit) in 2005-2010 (% of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
-­‐14
-­‐12
-­‐10
-­‐8
-­‐6
-­‐4
-­‐2
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010

33. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
32/
64
Graph B17: Burkina Faso urban population (% of total population)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B18: Structure of production in Burkina Faso in 1970-2012: agriculture, industry,
services (as % of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Agriculture,
value
added
(%
of
GDP)
Industry,
value
added
(%
of
GDP)
Services,
etc.,
value
added
(%
of
GDP)

34. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
33/
64
Graph B19: Burkina Faso school enrollment rate (% of gross)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B20: Burkina Faso’s Adult literacy rate (% of people ages 15 and above)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
20
40
60
80
100
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
School
enrollment,
primary
(%
gross)
School
enrollment,
secondary
(%
gross)
School
enrollment,
terXary
(%
gross)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1975
1991
2003
2007

35. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
34/
64
Graph B21: Life expectancy at birth in Burkina Faso (years)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B22: Infant mortality rate in Burkina Faso (per 1,000 live births)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012

36. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
35/
64
Graph B23: Population per 1 physician in Burkina Faso
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B24: Burkina Faso’s Gini coefficient, % (World Bank estimate)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1994
1998
2003
2009
GINI
index
(World
Bank
esXmate)

37. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
36/
64
Graph B25: Burkina Faso’s Poverty rate (% of population falling below the poverty line)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B26: Burkina Faso’s ratio of female to male primary enrollment (%)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2003
2009
Poverty
headcount
raXo
at
naXonal
poverty
lines
(%
of
populaXon)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1972
1982
1992
2002
2012
RaXo
of
female
to
male
primary
enrollment
(%)

38. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
37/
64
Graph B27: Burkina Faso’s ratio of female to male secondary enrollment (%)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B29: Burkina Faso’s ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment (%)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1972
1982
1994
2003
2012
RaXo
of
female
to
male
secondary
enrollment
(%)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1972
1982
1992
2002
2012
RaXo
of
female
to
male
terXary
enrollment
(%)

39. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
38/
64
Graph B29: Burkina Faso’s gender gap in adult literacy rate
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B30: Burkina Faso’s gender gap in labor force participation
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1975
1991
2007
Literacy
rate,
adult
female
(%
of
females
ages
15
and
above)
Literacy
rate,
adult
male
(%
of
males
ages
15
and
above)
83
83.5
84
84.5
85
85.5
86
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2013
RaXo
of
female
to
male
labor
force
parXcipaXon
rate
(%)
(modeled
ILO
esXmate)

40. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
39/
64
Graph B31: Burkina Faso’s Gender gap in national parliament
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B32: Burkina Faso’s Inflation rate (CPI, annual % change)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
1998
2002
2007
2012
2014
ProporXon
of
seats
held
by
women
in
naXonal
parliaments
(%)
-­‐15
-­‐10
-­‐5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
InflaXon,
consumer
prices
(annual
%)

41. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
40/
64
Graph B33: Burkina Faso’s government expenditure (% of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B34: Structure of Burkina Faso’s central government expenditure
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
General
government
final
consumpXon
expenditure
(%
of
GDP)
0
5
10
15
20
25
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
Health
expenditure,
public
(%
of
government
expenditure)
Military
expenditure
(%
of
central
government
expenditure)
Public
spending
on
educaXon,
total
(%
of
government
expenditure)

42. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
41/
64
Graph B35: Burkina Faso’s central government deficit (% of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B36: Number of days to start business in Burkina Faso
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
-­‐7
-­‐6
-­‐5
-­‐4
-­‐3
-­‐2
-­‐1
0
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Cash
surplus/deficit
(%
of
GDP)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Time
required
to
start
a
business
(days)

43. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
42/
64
Graph B37: Corruption perception index in Burkina Faso
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B38: Burkina Faso’s Forest area (% of land area)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
CorrupXon
PercepXon
Index,
2005-­‐2013
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Forest
area
(%
of
land
area)

44. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
43/
64
Graph B39: Merchandise trade in Burkina Faso (% of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B40: Burkina Faso’s Structure of merchandise exports
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Merchandise
trade
(%
of
GDP)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1971
1983
1995
2004
2013
Fuel
exports
(%
of
merchandise
exports)
Ores
and
metals
exports
(%
of
merchandise
exports)
Manufactures
exports
(%
of
merchandise
exports)
Food
exports
(%
of
merchandise
exports)
Agricultural
raw
materials
exports
(%
of
merchandise
exports)

45. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
44/
64
Graph B41: Burkina Faso’s Structure of merchandise imports
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B42: Foreign Direct Investment in Burkina Faso, net inflows (% of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
20
40
60
80
100
1971
1983
1995
2004
2013
Fuel
imports
(%
of
merchandise
imports)
Ores
and
metals
imports
(%
of
merchandise
imports)
Manufactures
imports
(%
of
merchandise
imports)
Food
imports
(%
of
merchandise
imports)
Agricultural
raw
materials
imports
(%
of
merchandise
imports)
-­‐0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Foreign
direct
investment,
net
inflows
(%
of
GDP)

46. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
45/
64
Graph B43: Private International Transfers (% of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph B44: Official development assistance: receipts per capital (in dollar)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Personal
remibances,
received
(%
of
GDP)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Net
official
development
assistance
and
official
aid
per
capita
received
(constant
2011
US$)

47. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
46/
64
Graph B45: Official development assistance: total receipts (as % of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Table 46. Revenue of the Burkina Faso state budget (billion CFAF)
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Regular
income
302
373
424
462
636
541
548
677
718
932
Tax
revenue
276
330
391
415
449
476
536
571
615
812
Non-­‐tax
revenue
22
29
28
28
39
32
37
106
97
113
Capital
revenue
4
15
5
18
148
33
11
12
6
113
Special
income
204
237
371
443
342
474
335
508
295
671
Donations
83
106
179
205
152
213
135
294
130
419
Borrowings
121
131
192
238
190
261
201
215
165
252
Total
revenue
506
611
795
904
978
1
015
919
1
197
1
013
1
603
Gross
domestic
product
2
444
2
556
2
881
3
041
3
245
3
748
3
952
4
448
5
060
5
701
State
budget
in
GDP
21%
24%
28%
30%
30%
27%
23%
27%
20%
28%
Tax
revenue
in
State
budget
55%
54%
49%
46%
46%
47%
58%
48%
61%
51%
Tax
revenue
in
GDP
11%
13%
14%
14%
14%
13%
14%
13%
12%
14%
Tax
revenue
growth
rate
-­‐10%
20%
19%
6%
8%
6%
13%
7%
8%
32%
Source: http://www.insd.bf/n/contenu/pub_periodiques/annuaires_stat/Annuaires_stat_nationaux_BF/Annuaire_stat_2013.pdf
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Net
official
development
assistance
and
official
aid
received
(%
of
GDP)

48. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
47/
64
Graph 47. Dynamics of external official development assistance
Table 48. Sources of external official development assistance
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
Official
Development
Assistance
(millions
of
US
dollars)

49. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
48/
64
Table 49. Evolution of spending allocations from the state budget from 2009 to 2013 (billion
CFAF)
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Current
expenditures
625,3
594,6
674,9
852,9
913,5
Public
debt
depreciation
and
service
102,6
67,1
60,8
82,7
94,0
Staff
costs
229,9
245,6
269,3
334,4
366,3
Operating
expenditures
102,0
94,4
104,4
124,2
119,3
Payments
of
current
transfers
190,8
187,5
240,5
312,2
333,9

50. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
49/
64
Capital
expenditures
594,4
301,2
576,6
749,7
990,6
Investments
executed
by
the
State
568,9
297,4
567,6
743,4
949,6
Capital
transfers
25,5
3,8
9,0
6,3
41,0
Total
expenditure
1
219,6
895,7
1
251,6
1
602,5
1
904,1
Share
of
Investments
executed
by
the
State
in
total
government
expenditure
47%
33%
45%
46%
50%
Appendix C
Graph C1: GDP per Capita (in constant 2005 US $)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Table C2: Average GDP per Capita Growth Rate per Decade
Decade Burkina Faso Low Income
Countries
1980s 1.16% 0.06%
1990s 2.28% - 0.30%
2000s 2.34% 2.74%
2010s* 4.02% 3.98%
*2010-2013 years
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
GDP
per
capita
(constant
2005
US$)
LIC
Burkina
Faso

51. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
50/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C3: Unemployment Rate, % of labor force (modeled ILO estimate)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C4: Population Growth (annual %)
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Burkina
Faso
LIC

52. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
51/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C5: Total Fertility Rate, births per woman
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C6: Age Dependency ratio (old plus young as % of working-age population)
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
PopulaRon
growth,
annual
(%)
Burkina
Faso
LIC
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Total
ferRlity
rate,
births
per
woman
Burkina
Faso
LIC

53. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
52/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C7: Gross Domestic Savings Rate, % of GDP
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C8: Gross Capital Formation (% of GDP)
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Age
dependency
rate
Burkina
Faso
LIC
-­‐10
-­‐5
0
5
10
15
20
25
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Gross
domesRc
savings
rate,
%
of
GDP
Burkina
Faso
LIC

54. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
53/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C9: Urban population (% of total)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C10: Structure of production in 1990, value added (% of GDP)
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
Gross
fixed
capital
formaRon,
%
of
GDP
Burkina
Faso
LIC
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Urban
populaRon
,
%
of
total
Burkina
Faso
LIC

55. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
54/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C11: Structure of production in 2012, value added (% of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C12: School Enrollment, Primary (% gross)
Burkina
Faso
structure
of
producRon
in
1990
Low
income
countries:
structure
of
producRon
in
1990
Agriculture,
value
added
(%
of
GDP)
Industry,
value
added
(%
of
GDP)
Burkina
Faso
structure
of
producRon
in
2012
Low
income
countries:
structure
of
producRon
in
2012
Agriculture,
value
added
(%
of
GDP)
Industry,
value
added
(%
of
GDP)

56. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
55/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C13: School Enrollment, Secondary (% gross)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Burkina
Faso
primary
school
enrollment,
%
LIC,
primary
school
enrollment,
%
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Burkina
Faso
secondary
school
enrollment,
%
LIC,
secondary
school
enrollment,
%

57. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
56/
64
Graph C14: School Enrollment, tertiary (% gross)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C15: Adult Literacy Rate (% of people ages 15 and above)
Burkina Faso Low Income Countries
13.6% (1991) 50.9% (1990)
21.8% (2003) 57.6% (2000)
28.7% (2007) 60.4% (2010)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C16: Life Expectancy at Birth
0
2
4
6
8
10
Burkina
Faso
terXary
school
enrollment,
%
LIC,
terXary
school
enrollment,
%

58. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
57/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C17: Infant Mortality Rate (per 1,000 live births)
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
1980
1990
2000
2010
Life
expectancy
at
birth,
years
Burkina
Faso
LIC

59. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
58/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C18: Poverty headcount ratio at $1.25 a day (PPP) (% of population) (year)
Burkina Faso Low Income Countries
71.2% (1994) 67.1% (1993)
70.0% (1998) 64.2% (1999)
48.9% (2003) 55.8% (2005)
44.5% (2009) 48.6% (2010)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C19: Ratio of female to male primary enrollment (%)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1980
1990
2000
2010
2013
Infant
mortality
rate,
per
1,000
births
Burkina
Faso
LIC

60. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
59/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C20: Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment (%)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C21: Ratio of female to male tertiary enrollment (%)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1982
1992
2002
2012
RaRo
of
female
to
male
primary
school
enrollment,
%
Burkina
Faso
LIC
0
20
40
60
80
100
1985
1994
2003
2012
RaRo
of
female
to
male
secondary
school
enrollment,
%
Burkina
Faso
LIC

61. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
60/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C22: Literacy rate, adult female (% of people ages 15 and above) (year)
Burkina Faso Low Income Countries
8.1% (1996) 41.8% (1990)
15.2% (2003) 49.5% (2000)
21.6% (2007) 53.4% (2010)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C23: Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1985
1994
2003
2012
RaRo
of
female
to
male
terRary
enrollment,
%
Burkina
Faso
LIC

62. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
61/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C24: Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C25: Inflation, consumer price index (annual %)
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
1990
1995
2000
2005
2009
2013
RaRo
of
female
to
male
labor
force
parRcipaRon
rate,
%
Burkina
Faso
LIC
0
5
10
15
20
25
1998
2002
2007
2012
2014
ProporRon
of
seats
held
by
women
in
naRonal
parliament,
%
Burkina
Faso
LIC

63. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
62/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C26: Foreign direct investments inflows, (% of GDP)
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C27: Personal remittances received, (% of GDP)
-­‐5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
InflaRon,
annual
consumer
price
index,
%
Burkina
Faso
LIC
-­‐0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
Foreign
direct
investments,
%
of
GDP
Burkina
Faso
LIC

64. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
63/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C28: Time required starting business, days
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
Graph C29: Birth and death rates, persons per 1000 people
0
2
4
6
8
10
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Personal
remi]ances
received,
%
of
GDP
Burkina
Faso
LIC
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Time
required
to
start
a
business,
days
Burkina
Faso
LIC

65. Econ
5360
Country
Report
of
BURKINA
FASO
64/
64
Source: World Development Indicators 2015, World Bank
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Death
and
birth
rate,
per
1000
people
Death
rate,
Burkina
Faso
Death
rate,
LIC
Birth
rate,
Burkina
Faso
Birth
rate,
LIC