sociological foundation

1. SOCIOLOGICAL
FOUNDATIONS
OF EDUCATION
Tariq Saleem Ghayyur
Lecturer
Department of Education
Sargodha University (SU)
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2. Sociology
•Sociology is the science of group life
and culture and its product. Sociology
is related to the nature and
development of the society and social
behaviour.
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3. Education and Sociology
Education is expected to produce social
integration, equality, justice and harmony in
the society.
Sociology provides guidance to select
knowledge, skills and attitudes for
educating people.
Educational guidelines are derived from
the society, in which educational system
operates. All educational aims are society
based.
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4. Sociology is the science of society and
Education is the betterment of the society.
Education is the best means of social
control, social change and social progress.
The needs of the society can be cultural,
social and physical. These needs are vital
to the welfare of common man.
Good citizenship has always been the
need of the society.
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5. A nation cannot make progress without an
educated citizenry. Societies have become
so advanced that they can only function
properly through highly trained and skilled
people.
The progress of the society depends on
proper education of young generations.
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6. Sociological Foundations
Education should derive its goals from the
needs of the society.
Education should be designed on the basis
of identified needs and schools should play
their role to achieve them.
Social growth of a child is a very significant
process. The social efficiency of the child
affects his/her entire life.
Social growth of a child is a very significant
process.
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7. Students must be taught to live in the world
today while preparing for tomorrow. They
should be able to accept realities of the life
as well as be able to adjust to the changes
in the times to come.
Teachers are expected to care students
they serve and have passion for teaching
and learning.
Society looks for more in teacher than the
ability to transmit knowledge and to teach
skills to students. He is expected to
demonstrate to be enlightened,
hardworking and virtuous.
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8. The existence of human beings also
depends on their ability of adaptation. The
education enables individuals to adapt to
their social environment.
Society is a group of people and school is
an institution set by the society to meet the
needs.
The progress of the society depends on
proper education of young generations. The
values and ideals of the society are
imparted to children for existence of the
society.
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9. Influence of Education on Culture
• Aim and Ideals. The aims and ideals of
educational institution are determined by
the values and patterns of society.
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10. Curriculum
• The curriculum is conditioned according to
the culture of society. According to the
ideals and needs of that society to realize
its cultural values. The system of education
tries to realize the cultural needs of society
through curriculum which conditions all
educational activities and programmes.
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11. Methods of Teaching
• Culture and methods of teaching are
intimately connected. The changing cultural
patterns of a society exert powerful
influence upon the methods of teaching
also. In ancient times education was
teacher-centered and tried to force into the
minds of children specific dozes of
knowledge in utter disregard of their natural
interests and needs.
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12. • The result of this artificial progress of
education was mechanical craming and
rote memorization. In modern times,
education has become child-centered. Thus
the interests, inclinations, aptitudes, needs
and capacities of children are taken into full
consideration before exposing them to
specific educational experiences, activities
and programmes. In this way, education is
now a method of preparing children for
successful and effective living during the
present times and for the times to come.
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13. Discipline
• Cultural values also influence the concept of
discipline. The present cultural patterns of
thinking and living are directly linked to our
concept of discipline. In ancient and middle
ages, the concept of discipline was
repressionistic in societies where
authoritarianism ruled. But in modern times
when democratic values of life are being
accepted all over the world, the concept of
discipline has come to mean impressionistic or
emancipatory or self-discipline.
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14. Text Books
• Curriculum is contained in text books.
Textbooks are written according to the
formulated or determined curriculum. Only
those text books are welcomed which
foster and promote cultural ideals and
values. On the contrary, they are discarded
and often banned. If they militate against
the cultural ideals and values of a particular
society.
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15. Teacher
• Each individual teacher is imbued with the
cultural ideals and values of the society of
which he happens to be an integral
member. Only such a teacher achieves his
mission successfully. It is only such a
teacher who is able to infuse higher ideals
and moral values in children.
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16. School
• A school is a miniature of society. The total
activities and programmes of the school are
organized according to the cultural ideals
and values of society which establishes
and organizes the school. Hence school is
the centre of promoting, moulding,
reforming and developing the cultural
patterns of the society which establishes
that school for its own good and welfare.
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17. Influence of Education on Culture
• Just as culture influences education, much
in the same way education also exerts a
powerful influence upon the culture of a
country.
• Education culturises an individual, it
preserves, transmits and develops the
culture of a society. Education and culture
are mutually interdependent,
complementary and supplementary in all
their aspects and activities.
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18. Preservation of Culture
• Each country believes and flaunts the
superiority of its own culture over the rest.
Hence it tries to preserve its culture in its
original form. Education is the only means
to complete this task. Thus, education
preserves the culture of society.
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19. • The result of this artificial progress of education
was mechanical craming and rote memorization.
In modern times, education has become child-
centered. Thus the interests, inclinations,
aptitudes, needs and capacities of children are
taken into full consideration before exposing them
to specific educational experiences, activities and
programmes. In this way, education is now a
method of preparing children for successful and
effective living during the present times and for
the times to come.
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20. Transmission of Culture
• The process of preservation includes the
process of transmission as well.
Transmission of culture from one
generation to another is the best guarantee
of its preservation. The famous sociologist
Ottaway has rightly remarked. "The
function of education is to transmit the
social values and ideals to the young and
capable members of society".
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21. Development of Culture
• The function of education is to bring about
the needed desirable changes in the
cultural ideals and values for the progress
and continued development of society,
without which social progress will stratify
and come to naught. Education culturises
individuals, modifies cultural processes by
research and deeper investigations into all
areas of human requirements.
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22. Continuity of Culture
• Culture is the lifeblood of a society. Without
culture a society is bound to decay and die
sooner or later. Education upholds the
continuity of culture through its diverse
activities and programmes. A society
establishes schools to preserve and transmit
its culture from generation to generation. But
some schools try to develop undesirable
cultural chauvinism and superiority
complexes among its children.
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23. Development of Personality
• Education aims at developing the
personality of the child. It employs diverse
cultural patterns of thinking, behaviour and
items of cultural values so that children are
physically, mentally, socially and
emotionally developed to the maximum
extent.
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24. Removing Cultural Lag
• While material culture develops at a fast
pace due to scientific researches and
inventions, non-material culture consisting
of ideals, values and norms lags behind
creating a gulf between the two. Education
is the only means to bridge this cultural lag
by its activities and programmes of
development.
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