Breathability of fabric

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Breathability is defined as the ability of a fabric to allow perspiration evaporated by the body to escape (diffuse) to the outside (termed moisture vapor transmission), thereby allowing complete comfort. A complete presentation on the topic Breathability of Fabrics and Testing Methods presented by the students of Textile College from Bahhaudin Zakariya University Multan. Uploaded by: Abdul Ahad Khan

Science

• NATURAL FIBERS
• COTTON
• MAN-MADE FIBERS

Range Performance (g m−2 d−1)
Low <4,000
Moderate 4,000 to 8,000
High >9,000
Typical maximum with current technologies are in 15,000 range. High-
performance fabrics may get A1 test scores in 10,000 to
15,000 g m−2 d−1 range and usually shows that a fabric has a fairly quick
release of moisture, but may not be the best over longer periods of use.

Range Performance (g m−2 d−1)
Low <10,000
Moderate 10,000 to 20,000
High >20,000

Range Performance
Ret 0-6
Very good or Extremely Breathable.
at higher activity rate.
Ret 6 to 13
Good or Very Breathable. Comfortable at
moderate activity rate.
Ret 13 to 20
Satisfactory or Breathable. Uncomfortable at
activity rate.
Ret 20 to 30
Unsatisfactory or Slightly Breathable. Moderate
comfort at low activity rate.
Ret 30+
Unsatisfactory or Not Breathable.
and short tolerance time.
The testers could not perceive a difference in the garments made with fabrics within these
ranges. So, a garment made with a 40 Ret fabric and one made with 55 Ret fabric did not
have a perceivable comfort difference in use.

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www.seribangash.com The Mariana Trench is one of the most remarkable geological features on Earth. Here are some details about it: Location: The Mariana Trench is located in the western Pacific Ocean, east of the Mariana Islands. It stretches for about 2,550 kilometers (1,580 miles) and is known as the deepest part of the world's oceans. Depth: The trench reaches incredible depths, with its deepest point known as the Challenger Deep, which plunges down to approximately 10,984 meters (36,037 feet) below sea level. To put this into perspective, if Mount Everest, the tallest mountain on Earth, were placed at the bottom of the Challenger Deep, its peak would still be over 2 kilometers (1.25 miles) underwater. Formation: The Mariana Trench was formed by the subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Mariana Plate. This process creates a deep trench as the heavier Pacific Plate is forced beneath the lighter Mariana Plate. Geological Features: The trench is characterized by steep, V-shaped valleys, and its walls are composed of highly compressed sedimentary rock. At the bottom of the trench, there are also large amounts of marine sediment. Pressure: The pressure at the bottom of the Mariana Trench is immense, reaching over 1,000 times the pressure at the surface. This extreme pressure creates a challenging environment for exploration and makes it difficult for organisms to survive. Exploration: Despite its extreme conditions, the Mariana Trench has been the subject of numerous scientific expeditions and explorations. One of the most famous explorations was the dive to the Challenger Deep by Swiss scientist Jacques Piccard and U.S. Navy Lieutenant Don Walsh in 1960. More recently, in 2012, filmmaker James Cameron made a solo dive to the bottom of the Challenger Deep in the Deepsea Challenger submersible. Biological Discoveries: Despite the harsh conditions, the Mariana Trench is home to a surprising variety of life forms, including unique species of deep-sea fish, crustaceans, and microbial life. Some organisms have adapted to survive in the extreme pressure and darkness of the trench. Environmental Importance: Studying the Mariana Trench provides valuable insights into the geology, biology, and oceanography of the deep sea. It also helps scientists better understand the processes that shape the Earth's crust and the distribution of life in the oceans. Conservation: Due to its remote location and extreme depths, the Mariana Trench has remained relatively untouched by human activity. However, there is growing concern about the potential impacts of deep-sea mining and pollution on this fragile ecosystem, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to protect this unique environment. https://seribangash.com/barber-shop-business-complete-guide-for-beginners/ https://seribangash.com/legend-virat-kohli-in-cricket-history/

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Breathability of fabric

3. • NATURAL FIBERS • COTTON • MAN-MADE FIBERS

6. 1. 2. 3.

9. • •

10.

11.

12. •

13. Range Performance (g m−2 d−1) Low <4,000 Moderate 4,000 to 8,000 High >9,000 Typical maximum with current technologies are in 15,000 range. High- performance fabrics may get A1 test scores in 10,000 to 15,000 g m−2 d−1 range and usually shows that a fabric has a fairly quick release of moisture, but may not be the best over longer periods of use.

14.

15. •

16.

17. Range Performance (g m−2 d−1) Low <10,000 Moderate 10,000 to 20,000 High >20,000

18.

19. • HOHENSTEIN TEST • •

20. Range Performance Ret 0-6 Very good or Extremely Breathable. at higher activity rate. Ret 6 to 13 Good or Very Breathable. Comfortable at moderate activity rate. Ret 13 to 20 Satisfactory or Breathable. Uncomfortable at activity rate. Ret 20 to 30 Unsatisfactory or Slightly Breathable. Moderate comfort at low activity rate. Ret 30+ Unsatisfactory or Not Breathable. and short tolerance time. The testers could not perceive a difference in the garments made with fabrics within these ranges. So, a garment made with a 40 Ret fabric and one made with 55 Ret fabric did not have a perceivable comfort difference in use.

21.

22. •

23.

24.

25. 1.

26.

27.

28.

29. •

30.

31.

32.

33. • HTTPS://WWW.REI.COM/BLOG/RUN/HOW-TO-PICK-THE-MOST-BREATHABLE-FABRICS • HTTPS://WWW.SCIENCEDIRECT.COM/TOPICS/ENGINEERING/BREATHABILITY • HTTPS://WWW.EJISINC.COM/BLOGS/NEWS/MOST-BREATHABLE-FABRIC • HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/BREATHABILITY • HTTPS://WWW.SATRA.COM/SPOTLIGHT/ARTICLE.PHP?ID=252

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