Agile Mumbai 2023

1. Role of Leadership and their strategies
to Drive Transformation and
Sustainability at Bottom of the
Economic Pyramid
Agile Mumbai
December 16, 2023

3. How to manage that dilemmas?
Individual have different styles -
• leading,
• managing,
• directing, bossing around,
• taking people along,
• dirtying their hands etc
All these are translated into Leadership theories!
Without complicating and being academic let us see some leaders

4. Steve Jobs – Transformational Leadership

5. FM Sam Manekshaw

6. Susan Wojcicki -Servant Leadership

7. Oprah Winfrey- Authentic Leadership

8. Bill Gates Asked -How do you prove you really
are who you say you are?
• These are all people who are well known have an identity
• In the U.S. and many rich countries, that’s easy. They all have a social
security number
• We sitting in this hall have many ways to prove our identity: a birth
certificate, a driver’s license, or a passport.

9. • Imagine for a moment that you are one of the estimated 1 billion
people among the poorest - have no official identification -No birth
certificates, No official ID documents. Negligible income as labor
• You would be nameless for the government and ignored in a govt
hospital or receiving government services like ration or free food,
getting a bank account, passport for traveling across a border
• Without an ID, You would face huge problems going to school, .
• Without education you will not get livelihood opprotunities as finding
a job will be impossible
• Even the grant from government may not reach you and some
corrupt people might pocket it
• How do you survive?

10. • Imagine that in addition to all that I said you were a rural woman
• You were from a landless family or had such small landholding that it
can not take care of your sustainability and you possibly have only
one meal a day , your children are malnourished
• As famously mentioned by ex-prime minister Rajiv Gandhi that from
every 100 rupees that government thought it spent on you only 17
reached you, rest was pocketed by corrupt system and you continued
to remain poor

11. Fortunatelywe are blessed that we got
leaders who changed things!!
• Their work speaks more than themselves
• They have created something in the country that is impacting crores
and is likely to last for hundreds of years
• What they did is being considered across the globe and has become
case studies in bschools and lauded by likes of World Bank

12. All of you know what this is

13. • On 29 September 2009 , Ranjna Sadashiv Sonwane, a tribal woman in
Tembhali village, of Nandurbar district 425 kilometer from Mumbai, got
India’s first UID number that enabled her to open a bank account, secure a
ration card, get a mobile phone, health insurance & a home loan. Sonwane
is among hundreds of millions of Indians who did not have authenticated
identities acceptable to providers of all manner of public services. The
number freed them from the “poverty premium” — or bribes — poors pay
to access everything from food, jobs and loans to cell phones, and help plug
an estimated US$110 billion that were siphoned from US$250 billion in
government spending for the poor in the next five years, according to a
May 2010 report on the UID program by CLSA Asia-Pacific Markets, part of
the Credit Lyonnais group.

14. Man behind this revolution
In January 2006, Nilekani became one of the youngest entrepreneurs to join 20 global leaders on the World
Economic Forum (WEF) Foundation Board. Nilekani was awarded one of India's highest civilian honours, the
Padma Bhushan, in 2006. Also in 2006, he was named Businessman of the Year by Forbes Asia.

15. Nandan Nilekani
• One of India’s leading technology entrepreneurs, Nandan was
Chairman of the company that he founded Infosys
• He left Infy to make these “invisible people,” as he calls them, visible
by giving them access to official identification and joined the
government of India to lead the launch of India’s national biometric
ID system, which uses fingerprints and other biological traits to verify
the identities of the country’s more than 1.3 billion residents.
• This ID system, known as Aadhaar ( “foundation”), is the world’s
largest biometric identification system and has become a valuable
platform for delivering social welfare programs and other government
services.

16. The task and accomplishment
The problems that he encountered – Individual Data non availability/opaque
• Nandan envisioned Aadhaar as a tool of empowerment access opportunity
and inclusion
• Important corollary of UID in terms of increased accountability and
transparency of government spending resulting in efficiency in public
services and financial inclusion
• JAM Trinity - Jandhan Aadhar Mobile
• Direct Benefit Transfer
• No leakage
• Corona

17. Leadership style
• His leadership includes three dimensions of leadership:
• transformational,
• instrumental, and
• transactional.

18. • Since we are nearing lunch time, let me speak about something which
everyone sitting here would have consumed at some point of time or
other

21. • In 1951, the per capita availability of milk was only 130/g per day and
our population was 36 crores
• The population today is 140 crores and milk availability has has
increased to 444/g per day in 2021
• We are self-sustainable and the largest contributor in global milk
production.

23. Who made this change possible?

24. Who was he?
• A malyali who graduated in physics from University of Madras in 1940
and received his masters in mechanical engineering from University of
Michigan in 1947 on a scholarship
• In 1949, Kurien was sent by the Government of India to its run a
experimental creamery at Anand
• Alongwith Mr T K Patel and MR Dalaya he was instrumental in
turning up Kaira District Cooperative Milk Producers' Union Limited
into a world renowned movement
• which organised dairy farmers in the villages as a part of
a cooperative and linked them to consumers directly.

25. • Amul cooperative was registered on 19 December 1946 as a reaction to the exploitation
of local milk producers by the dealers and the agents of the main dairy of that time,
the Polson dairy.
• The price of milk was randomly determined. The government had given monopolistic
rights to Polson to collect milk from Kaira dairy farmers and supply it to the city of
Mumbai.
• Agitated by this treatment, the farmers approached Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel under the
administration of their leader Tribhuvandas K. Patel. Sardar Patel advised them to frame
an organization, i.e., Kaira District Co-usable Milk Producers' Union (KDCMPUL), and
supply milk directly to the Bombay Milk Scheme rather than relying on Polson.
• Milk collection was decentralized as most of the makers were minor farmers who could
provide 1–2 liters of milk each day.
• Cooperatives were framed for every town.
• Kurien and Dalaya joined T K Patel , KDCMPUL had begun pasteurizing milk for the
'Bombay Milk Scheme'.

26. Agile leadership – Identifying opportunity
• The dairy cooperative was successful in increasing milk production as
consumers paid in cash to dairy farmers who controlled the
marketing, procurement, and processing of milk and milk products as
the owners of the cooperative.

27. Dairy Map Changed

28. Instiution Builder
• In 1965, NDDB was established with Kurian as the head to replicate the Anand co-
operative scheme nationwide.
• In 1979, he founded the Institute of Rural Management Anand (IRMA) to groom
managers for the cooperatives.
• Kurien helped set up similar cooperatives across India which made dairy
farming ooe of the largest self-sustaining industries and employment generator in
rural areas and led to a multi-fold increased milk output over the next few
decades which helped India become the world's largest milk producer in 1998.
• For his contributions Kurian is known as the "Father of the White Revolution" in
India.
• He was awarded Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1964 and World Food Prize in 1989.
In 1999, he received Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian honour. He
was conferred the Order of Agricultural Merit by the French Government in 1997.

30. The beauty of the model
Are you aware that 71 per cent of what you pay as price of ice cream or butter reaches the farmer!

31. NDDB and Economic Prosperity in India
• 80% of work in Dairy is done by women

32. Highlights of Dairy Industry
• 9 crore people are direct or indirectly involved
• Largest Dairy Brand/ Largest Food Brand
• Amul Ad - The doyen of Indian advertising, Sylvester daCunha, of the
Amul Girl campaign in 1966
• Indian model taken to neighbouring countries
• Women empowerment

33. • 75 million rural women
• Milk going from milk surplus to deficit region
• Milk duranto (non stop trains run by railways to transport milk from
Tirupati to Delhi for Mother Dairy and Anand to Kolkata for Amul)

35. Who? Prof Muhammad Yunus
• Bangladeshi social entrepreneur, banker, economist and civil society
leader who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for founding
the Grameen Bank and pioneering the concepts
of microcredit and microfinance.
• The Norwegian Nobel Committee said that "lasting peace cannot be
achieved unless large population groups find ways in which to break
out of poverty" and that "across cultures and civilizations, Yunus and
Grameen Bank have shown that even the poorest of the poor can
work to bring about their own development"

36. The telephone ladies

37. Impact
• The success of the Grameen microfinance model inspired similar
efforts in about 100 developing countries and even in developed
countries including the United States.[28] Many microcredit projects
retain Grameen's emphasis of lending to women. More than 94% of
Grameen loans have gone to women, who suffer disproportionately
from poverty and who are more likely than men to devote their
earnings to their families

38. To start

39. Life has no short cuts, unless you are daughter /
son of Masayoshi Son, Elon Musk or Bill Gates

41. Never be afraid of Failure

42. Priority

43. Developing yourself

44. Empathy + Teamwork

45. How to Manage Your Money Better
• Track Your Spending. ...
• Save for Retirement. ...
• Save for Emergencies. ...
• Plan to Pay Off Debt. ...
• Establish Good Credit Habits. ...
• Improve Your Money
• .

46. Wealth creation Stage