The document outlines the evolution of computing devices, highlighting key inventions such as Napier's bones, the Leibniz calculator, the abacus, Pascal's calculator, and Babbage's difference engine. It discusses how third-generation computers utilized integrated circuits for increased efficiency and smaller size. Additionally, it showcases the significance of these innovations in simplifying calculations and their historical impact on modern computing.

1. 2500 B.C 1642 1820's
1617 1725 1965
John Napier invented Napier's
Bones, which used the lattice
method to simplify computation
of products and quotients.
The Leibniz calculator is a decimal-
based mechanical calculator
invented by Gottfried Wilhelm
Leibniz. It can perform four
operations faster than the Pascaline.
Third-generation computers
used integrated circuits instead
of transistors. This allowed
computers to be built smaller
and run multiple applications.
Abacus is made of beads and
rods. It is a tool used to
compute basic operations like
addition and subtraction.
Blaise Pascal originally invented the
Pascaline to help his father in
collecting taxes. Its dials are moved
to perform addition and subtraction.
Charles Babbage invented the
Difference Engine to calculate
polynomial functions. This device
can also print the results in real-time.
A History of Abacus to Computers
Discover how the computer we know today was developed through time
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