This presentation tells us about what are the medication errors and how we differentiate between them as per the National Accreditation Board for Hospital & Healthcare Providers standard for hospitals 5th Edition.
Presentation contains detailing details of medication error.
Some GIFs may not be seen.
3. What is Medication Error
Dangerous Abbreviations
Taxonomy of Medication Error
Reporting of Medication Error
Recording of Medication Error
4. A medication error is any preventable event that
may cause or lead to inappropriate medication
use or patient harm while the medication is in
the control of the health care professional,
patient, or consumer. Such events may be related
to professional practice, health care products,
procedures, and systems, including prescribing,
order communication, product labeling,
packaging, and nomenclature, compounding,
dispensing, distribution, administration,
education, monitoring, and use.“
11. Medication errors are most common at the ordering or prescribing stage
Typical errors include the healthcare provider writing the wrong medication,
wrong route or dose, or the wrong frequency
These ordering errors account for almost 50% of medication errors.
Data show that nurses and pharmacists identify anywhere from 30% to 70% of
medication-ordering errors. It is obvious that medication errors are a pervasive
problem, but in the majority of cases, the problem is preventable.
12. Sloppy or illegible handwriting
Failure to date, time and sign
Lack of documentation
13. MTE – Medication Transcription Errors
Medication transcription and Medication Reconciliation
The process of ordering medicine through other medium
Copying it over HMIS to order or any other paper
It happens due to lack of knowledge of medication
LOOK ALIKE SOUND ALIKE
14. A dispensing error is a discrepancy
between a prescription and the
medicine that the pharmacy delivers
to the patient or distributes to the
ward on the basis of this prescription,
including the dispensing of a medicine
with inferior pharmaceutical or
informational quality
15. Medication administration
error (MAE) is defined as “any
difference between what the
patient received or was
supposed to receive and what
the prescriber intended in the
original order”
16. Errors specifically caused for laboratory specific medications
For Eg – Levofloxacin – Need Renal Funtion
Heparin – Need Blood Coagulation Profile / Prothombin Time
Vancomycin - Need Renal Funtion
Insulin – Need Blood Sugar Level
Warfarin - Need Blood Coagulation Profile / Prothombin Time
17. Its Blame free
Its thanks giving for the future
Any one can report
18. Abbreviation Intended meaning Common Error
U Units
Mistaken as a zero or a four (4)
resulting in overdose. Also
mistaken for "cc" (cubic
centimeters) when poorly
written.
µg Micrograms
Mistaken for "mg" (milligrams)
resulting in an overdose.
Q.D. Latin abbreviation for every day
The period after the "Q" has
sometimes been mistaken for an
" I, " and the drug has been
given "QID" (four times daily)
rather than daily.
19. Abbreviation Intended meaning Common Error
Q.O.D.
Latin abbreviation for every other
day
Misinterpreted as "QD" (daily) or
"QID" (four times daily). If the "O"
is poorly written, it looks like a
period or "I."
SC or SQ Subcutaneous
Mistaken as "SL" (sublingual)
when poorly written
T I W Three times a week
Misinterpreted as "three times a
day" or "twice a week.
D/C Discharge; also discontinue
Patient's medications have been
prematurely discontinued when
D/C, (intended to mean
"discharge") was misinterpreted as
"discontinue," because it was
followed by a list of drugs.
HS Half strength
Misinterpreted as the Latin
abbreviation "HS" (hour of sleep)
cc Cubic centimeters
Mistaken as "U" (units) when
poorly written
20. Abbreviation Intended meaning Common Error
AU, AS, AD
Latin abbreviation for both ears;
left ear; right ear
Misinterpreted as the Latin
abbreviation "OU" (both eyes);
"OS" (left eye); "OD" (right eye
IU International Unit
Mistaken as IV (intravenous) or
10(ten)
MS, MSO4, MgSO4 Confused for one another
Can mean morphine sulfate or
magnesium sulfate
21.
22. Circumstances or
events that have
the capacity to
cause error
Did an
Actual
Error
Occur
NO
Category A
Yes
Did the Error
Reach the
patient?
Category B
NO
Did the error
contribute to or
result in patient
death
Category I
Yes
Yes
NO
Was the
patient
harmed ?
Was intervention to
preclude harm or
extra monitoring
required ?
NO
Yes
Category D Category C
Yes
Did the error
require
intervention
necessary to
sustain life?
NO
23. NO
Did the error
require
intervention
necessary to
sustain life?
Was the
harm
Temporary?
Yes
Was the
harm
Permanent ?
Category G
NO
Yes
NO
Category H
Yes
Did the error
require initial or
prolonged
hospitalization ?
Yes
Category F
NO
Category E
24. Right Medication
Right Dose
Right Patient
Right Route
Right Time
There are opportunities for errors even when complying with the five R’s. Identified below are
potential breaks in the system and recommendations on how the opportunities for errors might
be minimized
25. Right Patient
Right Medication
Right Dose
Right Route
Right Time
Right Documentation
Right Reason
Right Response
26. Right Patient
Right Medication
Right Dose
Right Route
Right Time
Right Documentation
Right Reason
Right Response
Right Client Education
Right Evaluation
27. A medication error is an error (of commission or omission) at any step along the
pathway that begins when a clinician prescribes a medication and ends when the
patient actually receives the medication. An adverse drug event (ADE) is defined
as harm experienced by a patient as a result of exposure to a medication.
Editor's Notes
A medication error is any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the control of the health care professional, patient, or consumer. Such events may be related to professional practice, health care products, procedures, and systems, including prescribing, order communication, product labeling, packaging, and nomenclature, compounding, dispensing, distribution, administration, education, monitoring, and use."