3. What Is Computer Graphics?
The creation , manipulation , analysis , and interaction with pictorial
representations of objects and data using computers.
More precisely: image synthesis
4. WHY COMPUTER GRAPHICS?
•About 50% of the brain neurons are associated with vision
•Dominant form of computer output
•Enrich the discovery process and facilitate new inventions
5. GOALS OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS
Generate synthetic images
Do it in a practical way & scientifically sound.
And make it look easy…
17. MOVIES
If you can image it, it can be done with computer graphics!
More than one billion dollars on special effects.
No end in sight for this trend!
24. MODELING
How to represent real environments
– Geometry: curves, surfaces, volumes
– Photometry: light, color, reflectance
• How to build these representations
– Interactive: sculpt it
– Algorithmic: let it grow (fractals, extraction)
– Scanning: via 3D sensing
• Generate primitives
– Lines, triangles, quads, patches
– Cylinder, spheres
– Higher-order primitives
29. 1. PIXEL
Pixels are placed on a regular 2-dimensional grid,
and are often represented using dots or squares.
Each pixel is a sample of an original image, where
more samples typically provide a more accurate
representation of the original.
The intensity of each pixel is variable; in color
systems, each pixel has typically three
components such as red, green, and blue.
30. 2. GRAPHICS
Graphics are visual presentations on a surface, such as a
computer screen. Examples are photographs, drawing, graphics
designs, maps, engineering drawings, or other images.
Graphics often combine text and illustration. Graphic design
consist of the deliberate selection, creation.
31. 3. RENDERING
Rendering is the generation of a 2D image from a 3D model by means of
computer programs.
A scene file contains objects in a strictly defined language or data structure;
it would contain geometry, viewpoint, texture, lighting, and shading information
as a description of the virtual scene.
The rendering program is usually built into the computer graphics software.
The term "rendering" may be by analogy with an "artist's rendering" of a scene.
38. 4. 3D PROJECTION
3D PROJECTIONS is a method
of mapping 3D points to a 2D
plane.
Current methods for
displaying graphical data are
based on planar two
dimensional media, the use of
this type of projection is
widespread, especially in
C.G, engineering and
39. 5. RAY TRACING
Ray tracing is a method for creating
an image by tracing the path of light
via pixels in an image plane.
The technique is able of creating a high
degree of photorealism; commonly higher
than that of usual scan line
rendering methods with a
greater computational cost.
40. 6. SHADING
Shading refers to depicting depth in three
dimensional models by changing levels
of darkness.
There are different techniques of shading
with cross hatching where perpendicular lines of
changing closeness are drawn in a grid pattern to
shade a boundary.
The closer the lines are jointly, the darker
the area shows. Likewise, the beyond apart the
lines are, the lighter the area shows.
41. 7. TEXTURE MAPPING
Texture mapping is the process of mapping an image onto a triangle
in order to increase the detail of the rendering.
The image that gets mapped onto the triangle is called a texture
map or texture and is usually a regular color image.
