Conversion of sea water into liquid hydrogen fuel...
future technology, renewable energy technology, liquid hydrogen fuel, environment friendly, hydrocarbon fuel, jet engine fuel, future revolution in the world.....
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Convesion of sea water into fuel
1. CONVERSION OF SEA WATER INTO FUEL
B.Voc Renewable Energy
2nd year
Batch-7
Thilagavathi.
Kamaleshwaran. M
Karan. C
Arif Ahamed. A
2. What is sea water ?
• Seawater is the water that makes up the
oceans and seas, covering more than 70
percent of Earth's surface.
3. Properties of sea water
• Seawater is a complex mixture of 96.5 percent water, 2.5
percent salts, and smaller amounts of other substances,
• Including dissolved inorganic and organic materials,
particulates, and a few atmospheric gases.
4. • Salt in the sea comes from two sources:
• Runoff water from the land.
• Rocks on land are the major source of salts
dissolved in seawater.
Why sea water is salty ?
5. • Rainwater that falls on land is slightly acidic,
so it erodes rocks. ...
• Sea water seeps into cracks in the seafloor
and is heated by magma from the Earth’s
core.
Why sea water is salty ?
6. How much of the sea water is salty?
3.5%
• The concentration of salt in seawater is
about 3.5% of the weight of seawater comes
from the dissolved salts.
7. What is the PH of sea water ?
8.2
• Sea water is normally slightly basic, with a
surface-water pH of about 8.2,
• but that has declined in recent years to about
8.1
8. Why is the pH of seawater 8?
• pH is sea water is 8-1 to 8.2.
• It is because of ionic strength.
9. Ions present in salt water
• chloride (Cl−),
• sodium (Na+),
• sulfate(SO2
4
−),
• magnesium (Mg2+),
• calcium(Ca2+),
• potassium (K+)
• These ions make up about 99 percent of all sea
salts.
10. Sea water be used as a fuel?
• A team of scientists from the Indian Institute
of Technology (IIT) Madras have devised a
way to generate hydrogen fuel by using
seawater, which is most abundant.
• The technology can generate hydrogen can
be a good source of energy for the future.
11. What fuel comes from sea water?
• Scientists at the U.S. Naval Research
Laboratory have demonstrated the ability to
recover carbon dioxide and hydrogen from
seawater and turn it into a liquid
hydrocarbon fuel—the kind of stuff that can
power a jet engine.
12. Reaction involves in the conversation of sea water
into fuel
• Reaction involved in the conversion of
seawater into fuel.
• They convert the Co2 into Co via the reverse
water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction.
13. Reaction involves in the conversation of sea water
into fuel
• The carbon monoxide can then be converted
into liquid hydrocarbons via Fischer Tropshc
synthesis.
15. • REVERSE WATER GAS SHIFT REACTION
• The water-gas shift reaction describes the
reaction of carbon monoxide and water
vapor to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
• CO + H₂O ⇌ CO₂ + H₂
What is RWGS reaction?
16. • The water gas shift reaction was discovered
by Italian physicist Felice Fontana in 1780.
• It was not until much later that the industrial
value of this reaction was realized
What is RWGS reaction?
17. • Converting Co2 to hydrocarbons requires two
reactions.
• First, Co2 is converted into Co via the reverse
water-gas shift reaction
•
• For example,
Co2 + H₂ + catalyst, Co+ H₂O.
RWGS reaction
18. • Next, using a second catalyst, the Co produced can
be hydrogenated via the Fischer-Tropsch process
to hydrocarbons,
• For example,
Co + (2n + 1)H₂ + catalyst2 CnH2n+2 + H2O.
See also: FischerTropsch process.
RWGS reaction
19. RWGS reaction
• Depending on the reactions condition The
equilibrium of the water gas shift reaction can be
pushed either forward and reverse Reaction.
• The reversibility of the WGSR is important in the
production of ammonium , methonal & Fischer
Trposch synthesis, where the H2/Co ratio is in
critical condition.
21. • The Fischer–Tropsch process is a collection of
chemical reactions that converts a mixture of
carbon monoxide and hydrogen into liquid
hydrocarbons..
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
22. • These reactions occur in the presence of
metal catalysts, typically at temperatures of
150–300 °C and pressures of one to several
tens of atmospheres.
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
26. Difference between producer & water gas
• The key difference between water gas and
producer gas is that the water gas contains
flammable gases whereas the producer gas
contains both flammable and non-flammable
gases.
• Both water gas and producer gas are mixtures of
several gases. Water gas contains carbon
monoxide and hydrogen gases.
33. Future
• Hydrogen can be a good source of clean
energy for the future as it doesn’t emit
carbon dioxide.
• Combustion of hydrogen does not produce
carbon dioxide, unlike fossil fuels, making it a
'clean' source of energy,
34. Chemical Engineers' Catalyst Helps Turn Seawater into Fuel
| AIChE
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.aiche.org
/chenected/2020/07/chemical-engineers-catalyst-helps-turn-seawater-
fuel&ved=2ahUKEwiMwqzd8K_wAhXIzzgGHeNLAboQFjABegQIAxAF&usg=AOvVaw
1kUi04quF_aECu-f9IDwjd
Reference
https://youtu.be/fCK6BiHy8Yk