Why is product design important and what factors affect a good designBhaskar Jyoti Bora
Product design is important because it impacts several key factors that affect whether a design is good or not. These factors include form, style, customization, feature performance, repairability, reliability, and durability. Bad designs negatively impact customer satisfaction, while considering factors like form, customization, and performance in a design leads to better products.
The document outlines key aspects of the product design process including idea generation, feasibility studies, rapid prototyping, form and functional design, production design, design reviews, and design for quality and the environment. It discusses techniques like quality function deployment (QFD) which translates customer requirements into technical design characteristics to ensure an effective design process.
Why is product design important and what factors affect good design?Sameer mathur
This document discusses the importance of product design and the factors that affect good design. It notes that design is not just about aesthetics but also how the product works. It then lists several key factors that influence design decisions, including functionality, users, costs, production methods, company image, aesthetics, fashion, culture, ergonomics, materials, and environmental concerns. Good design is a key differentiator for brands and must evolve over time to avoid obsolescence. Different design approaches can be successful depending on a company's specific strategy.
This document provides an overview of a presentation covering various topics:
- Module 1 discusses presentation skills and common mistakes to avoid. It provides tips on storytelling, visual design, and preparation.
- Module 2 covers marketing management concepts from Kotler including identifying customer value, market segmentation, branding, and integrated marketing communications.
- Module 3 presents three Harvard Business Review case studies on issues facing a minor league sports team, a piano manufacturer, and a brewery considering introducing a light beer.
- Module 4 discusses branding challenges in the digital age where consumers have a more iterative decision journey across online channels. It emphasizes targeting different stages and using advocacy over one-way advertising.
Social media has shifted power to customers, who can instantly publicize products' flaws. Companies succeeding address opportunities by actively engaging customers on social media. Marketers must understand how brands and products fit into customers' lives by recognizing segments and demands via social media. To build trust, companies should continually improve their clear customer promise through innovation while addressing conflicts patiently, with confidence in their product and by analyzing customer reports.
This document discusses three important questions for effective brand positioning: 1) Have we established the right frame of reference for the brand? 2) Are we leveraging the important points of parity within that frame? 3) Are the points of difference for the brand compelling and differentiated from competitors? It provides examples of brands like Subway, FedEx, American Express that have successfully positioned themselves by considering these three questions. The key is establishing a frame, meeting points of parity, and having unique points of difference that are desirable, deliverable and difficult for competitors to copy. Positioning must also be consistent over time as consumer and category needs change.
Why is product design important and what factors affect a good designBhaskar Jyoti Bora
Product design is important because it impacts several key factors that affect whether a design is good or not. These factors include form, style, customization, feature performance, repairability, reliability, and durability. Bad designs negatively impact customer satisfaction, while considering factors like form, customization, and performance in a design leads to better products.
The document outlines key aspects of the product design process including idea generation, feasibility studies, rapid prototyping, form and functional design, production design, design reviews, and design for quality and the environment. It discusses techniques like quality function deployment (QFD) which translates customer requirements into technical design characteristics to ensure an effective design process.
Why is product design important and what factors affect good design?Sameer mathur
This document discusses the importance of product design and the factors that affect good design. It notes that design is not just about aesthetics but also how the product works. It then lists several key factors that influence design decisions, including functionality, users, costs, production methods, company image, aesthetics, fashion, culture, ergonomics, materials, and environmental concerns. Good design is a key differentiator for brands and must evolve over time to avoid obsolescence. Different design approaches can be successful depending on a company's specific strategy.
This document provides an overview of a presentation covering various topics:
- Module 1 discusses presentation skills and common mistakes to avoid. It provides tips on storytelling, visual design, and preparation.
- Module 2 covers marketing management concepts from Kotler including identifying customer value, market segmentation, branding, and integrated marketing communications.
- Module 3 presents three Harvard Business Review case studies on issues facing a minor league sports team, a piano manufacturer, and a brewery considering introducing a light beer.
- Module 4 discusses branding challenges in the digital age where consumers have a more iterative decision journey across online channels. It emphasizes targeting different stages and using advocacy over one-way advertising.
Social media has shifted power to customers, who can instantly publicize products' flaws. Companies succeeding address opportunities by actively engaging customers on social media. Marketers must understand how brands and products fit into customers' lives by recognizing segments and demands via social media. To build trust, companies should continually improve their clear customer promise through innovation while addressing conflicts patiently, with confidence in their product and by analyzing customer reports.
This document discusses three important questions for effective brand positioning: 1) Have we established the right frame of reference for the brand? 2) Are we leveraging the important points of parity within that frame? 3) Are the points of difference for the brand compelling and differentiated from competitors? It provides examples of brands like Subway, FedEx, American Express that have successfully positioned themselves by considering these three questions. The key is establishing a frame, meeting points of parity, and having unique points of difference that are desirable, deliverable and difficult for competitors to copy. Positioning must also be consistent over time as consumer and category needs change.
This document discusses strategies for capitalizing on polarization around a brand. It provides examples of brands that have intentionally polarized audiences, such as Ryanair antagonizing customers to amplify its low-cost positioning. It also discusses an Indian television production company, Balaji Telefilms, known for its soap operas. While criticized by some, it has succeeded by catering to its core audience of homemaker women. The conclusion is that managers should not rely on average sentiment and should expect pockets of detractors to form, even for once popular brands, fueled by social media. Polarization can be exploited to serve core customer groups.
Final presentation of an internship with IIM professor114iiminternship
The document summarizes an internship that a student completed with an IIM professor. The internship consisted of modules covering presentation skills, marketing management, case study analysis, and advertising creativity. Key topics included in the modules were developing strategies and plans, identifying customer values, and analyzing successful advertising campaigns. The internship helped the students evolve their skills and connect the different modules. The student thanked the professor for guiding them and creating an experience that helped them grow from novice to expert.
Growing rates of childhood obesity in the US and Europe prompted Disney to reconsider its food licensing strategy. Disney conducted research and found a gap between healthy foods kids wanted and what parents bought. To address this, Disney established nutritional guidelines, phased out unhealthy foods, and began licensing its characters to Imagination Farms to promote fruits and vegetables. However, Disney faced risks such as pricing, legacy expectations, and competition from other brands also promoting healthier foods to children.
Dana Messina and Kyle Kirklamd bought Steinway & Sons for $100 million in April 1995. Steinway was the leading manufacturer of high-quality grand pianos since being founded in New York City in 1853. While Steinway produced 350 pianos in 1994, it was facing challenges including fluctuating ownership and declining piano sales globally. To restore its position as the top piano producer, Steinway decided to produce lower-priced pianos while maintaining quality, expand its marketing programs, enhance its used piano market, and compete in piano competitions against companies like Yamaha, Baldwin, Kawai and Fazioli.
Grey Worldwide is a global advertising agency with 16 partner companies focused on communications. Grey Worldwide Hong Kong and China was established in 1978 and delivered integrated marketing expertise, with Viveca Chan as CEO. GREY faced challenges like increased competition, new technologies, and rising customer expectations. It responded by adopting e-marketing strategies to educate customers and implementing a GRM concept focused on building brands, developing customers, and building knowledge about customers through constant dialogue.
The document discusses a jeans brand called UnME that is considering expanding its $13.5 million advertising budget to include social media platforms. Currently, 74% of the budget goes to television ads. The brand wants to better engage with its target audience of teenage girls aged 12-24. Options discussed include creating a virtual store and contests on Zwinktopia, developing a brand profile and widget on Facebook, and running video and display ads on these sites. Concerns raised include the lack of control over content on some sites and the high costs of certain advertising methods. The document recommends reallocating the budget based on where consumers spend their time online and paying for ads based on click-through rates to assess effectiveness.
The document discusses the history and evolution of yoga from its origins in ancient India to its modern practice in the United States. It describes how yoga grew tremendously in popularity in the US from the early 2000s onward. This led some individuals like Bikram Choudhury to copyright their yoga styles, angering others. Meanwhile, the Hindu American Foundation campaigned to increase awareness of yoga's Hindu roots, sparking some debate. The modern yoga industry is now a multi-billion dollar business in the US.
A framework for revitalising dead and decaying brands.(by Kohli,Thomas)114iiminternship
This document discusses strategies for revitalizing declining and dead brands. It begins by providing examples of brands that declined like Oldsmobile and Pan Am but were able to recover like Harley-Davidson. It then covers common causes of brand decline like poor management decisions, changing environments, and competitive actions. The document outlines a framework for deconstructing brand decline by examining brand equity components like awareness, image, and customer response. Finally, it discusses approaches for revitalizing brands by taking a long-term perspective, repositioning the brand, correcting past mismanagement, and making investments to rebuild quality and the brand.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
A brand is forever! A framework for revitalizing declining and dead brands114iiminternship
This document discusses causes and strategies for revitalizing declining brands. It identifies common causes of brand decline as poor managerial actions like compromising on quality, frequent price increases without added value, price cuts out of desperation, neglecting the brand, and failing to stay with the target market as it evolves. Environmental changes and competitive actions can also contribute to decline. The document recommends rebuilding quality, resisting the temptation to exploit brand recognition through lower quality products, and pursuing a carefully defined target market as strategies to revitalize a declining brand. It argues that most brands can be revived if they still have residual value in brand equity dimensions like differential effect, brand knowledge and customer response.
5-(IV)in what ways do consumers stray from rational decision process114iiminternship
This document summarizes different ways that consumer decision making can stray from rational deliberation. It discusses low involvement peripheral decision making, variety-seeking behavior, and concepts from behavioral decision theory and behavioral economics like heuristics, framing, and mental accounting. Specifically, it explains how consumers use heuristics like availability and representativeness, how framing can influence choices, and how mental accounting involves categorizing financial options in non-logical ways like integrating small gains with large losses.
The document outlines the 5 stages that consumers go through in the buying process: 1) problem recognition, 2) information search, 3) evaluation of alternatives, 4) purchase decision, and 5) post-purchase behavior. It describes each stage in detail, including how internal and external stimuli can trigger problem recognition, the different sources of information consumers use in their search, and how they evaluate alternatives based on attributes and form attitudes. The document also discusses factors that can influence the purchase decision and the importance of satisfying consumers in the post-purchase stage through reinforcement of their choice.
5-(I) how do consumer characteristics influene buying behaviour114iiminternship
Consumer characteristics such as cultural, social, and personal factors influence buying behavior. Cultural factors include culture, subculture, and social class. Culture determines values and views, while subcultures provide identity. Social class indicates divisions in society that influence product preferences. Social factors comprise reference groups like family and roles/status. Personal factors consist of age, occupation, personality, lifestyle, and values. These characteristics shape consumer tastes, choices, and consumption patterns.
5-(II) major psychological processes influencing consumer responses114iiminternship
The key psychological processes that influence consumer responses to marketing are motivation, perception, learning, emotion, and memory. Motivation is influenced by theories like Freud's, Maslow's, and Herzberg's which explain how needs drive behavior. Perception involves selective attention and distortion based on preconceptions. Learning associates products with drives and reinforcement. Emotions are evoked by ads and products. Memory involves forming associations between brands and attributes which marketers aim to strengthen through repetition and cues.
6.6)How do institutional buyers & government agencies do their buying?114iiminternship
Institutional markets consist of organizations like schools, hospitals, and prisons that must provide goods and services to people in their care. They have low budgets and captive clientele. Hospitals must decide on food quality for patients.
Government markets are a major buyer of goods and services. Suppliers submit bids and contracts are normally awarded to the lowest bidder, but quality or reputation may also be considered. Complex projects involving research are negotiated. The process of awarding government work includes announcing requests, shortlisting bidders, and evaluating technical and commercial bids.
6.5)How can companies build strong relationships with business customers?114iiminternship
This document discusses managing business-to-business customer relationships and the benefits of vertical coordination between buyers and sellers. It describes how closer relationships are driven by supply chain management and purchasing alliances. It also discusses the categories used to classify buyer-supplier relationships, from basic transactions to collaborative partnerships. The document notes that while vertical coordination can strengthen ties, it may also increase risks and opportunism that need to be mitigated. New technologies allow top firms to more effectively engage and communicate with their business customers.
The document summarizes the key stages in a business procurement process:
1) Problem recognition - when a business recognizes an internal or external problem or need.
2) Need and product specification - the business determines general characteristics and specifications.
3) Supplier search - the business identifies potential suppliers through various sources.
4) Proposal solicitation - qualified suppliers submit proposals which are evaluated and shortlisted.
5) Supplier selection - suppliers are evaluated and a preferred supplier is selected, with potential negotiation on pricing.
6) Order and routine specification - the final order details are negotiated and agreed upon.
7) Performance review - the supplier's ongoing performance is periodically reviewed.
The document discusses the participants in business buying processes and their roles. It describes the buying center as consisting of individuals who participate in purchasing decisions and share common goals. Common roles in the buying center include initiators, users, influencers, deciders, approvers, buyers, and gatekeepers. Successful business marketers target specific firm types and concentrate their selling efforts on key influencers within buying centers. They must understand each participant's objectives to effectively target their efforts.
6.2)What buying situations do organizational buyers face?114iiminternship
This document discusses different types of business buying situations and their implications for marketing. There are three main types of buying situations: straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new task. Straight rebuy involves routine reordering from an approved supplier list. Modified rebuy involves wanting to change some aspect of an existing purchase. New task involves purchasing a product or service for the first time. The complexity and time needed for a purchasing decision depends on factors like the cost, risk, and number of people involved. The document also discusses systems buying, where a business buyer prefers to purchase a total solution from one seller, and system selling, where sellers adopt this approach as a marketing strategy.
This document discusses strategies for capitalizing on polarization around a brand. It provides examples of brands that have intentionally polarized audiences, such as Ryanair antagonizing customers to amplify its low-cost positioning. It also discusses an Indian television production company, Balaji Telefilms, known for its soap operas. While criticized by some, it has succeeded by catering to its core audience of homemaker women. The conclusion is that managers should not rely on average sentiment and should expect pockets of detractors to form, even for once popular brands, fueled by social media. Polarization can be exploited to serve core customer groups.
Final presentation of an internship with IIM professor114iiminternship
The document summarizes an internship that a student completed with an IIM professor. The internship consisted of modules covering presentation skills, marketing management, case study analysis, and advertising creativity. Key topics included in the modules were developing strategies and plans, identifying customer values, and analyzing successful advertising campaigns. The internship helped the students evolve their skills and connect the different modules. The student thanked the professor for guiding them and creating an experience that helped them grow from novice to expert.
Growing rates of childhood obesity in the US and Europe prompted Disney to reconsider its food licensing strategy. Disney conducted research and found a gap between healthy foods kids wanted and what parents bought. To address this, Disney established nutritional guidelines, phased out unhealthy foods, and began licensing its characters to Imagination Farms to promote fruits and vegetables. However, Disney faced risks such as pricing, legacy expectations, and competition from other brands also promoting healthier foods to children.
Dana Messina and Kyle Kirklamd bought Steinway & Sons for $100 million in April 1995. Steinway was the leading manufacturer of high-quality grand pianos since being founded in New York City in 1853. While Steinway produced 350 pianos in 1994, it was facing challenges including fluctuating ownership and declining piano sales globally. To restore its position as the top piano producer, Steinway decided to produce lower-priced pianos while maintaining quality, expand its marketing programs, enhance its used piano market, and compete in piano competitions against companies like Yamaha, Baldwin, Kawai and Fazioli.
Grey Worldwide is a global advertising agency with 16 partner companies focused on communications. Grey Worldwide Hong Kong and China was established in 1978 and delivered integrated marketing expertise, with Viveca Chan as CEO. GREY faced challenges like increased competition, new technologies, and rising customer expectations. It responded by adopting e-marketing strategies to educate customers and implementing a GRM concept focused on building brands, developing customers, and building knowledge about customers through constant dialogue.
The document discusses a jeans brand called UnME that is considering expanding its $13.5 million advertising budget to include social media platforms. Currently, 74% of the budget goes to television ads. The brand wants to better engage with its target audience of teenage girls aged 12-24. Options discussed include creating a virtual store and contests on Zwinktopia, developing a brand profile and widget on Facebook, and running video and display ads on these sites. Concerns raised include the lack of control over content on some sites and the high costs of certain advertising methods. The document recommends reallocating the budget based on where consumers spend their time online and paying for ads based on click-through rates to assess effectiveness.
The document discusses the history and evolution of yoga from its origins in ancient India to its modern practice in the United States. It describes how yoga grew tremendously in popularity in the US from the early 2000s onward. This led some individuals like Bikram Choudhury to copyright their yoga styles, angering others. Meanwhile, the Hindu American Foundation campaigned to increase awareness of yoga's Hindu roots, sparking some debate. The modern yoga industry is now a multi-billion dollar business in the US.
A framework for revitalising dead and decaying brands.(by Kohli,Thomas)114iiminternship
This document discusses strategies for revitalizing declining and dead brands. It begins by providing examples of brands that declined like Oldsmobile and Pan Am but were able to recover like Harley-Davidson. It then covers common causes of brand decline like poor management decisions, changing environments, and competitive actions. The document outlines a framework for deconstructing brand decline by examining brand equity components like awareness, image, and customer response. Finally, it discusses approaches for revitalizing brands by taking a long-term perspective, repositioning the brand, correcting past mismanagement, and making investments to rebuild quality and the brand.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
A brand is forever! A framework for revitalizing declining and dead brands114iiminternship
This document discusses causes and strategies for revitalizing declining brands. It identifies common causes of brand decline as poor managerial actions like compromising on quality, frequent price increases without added value, price cuts out of desperation, neglecting the brand, and failing to stay with the target market as it evolves. Environmental changes and competitive actions can also contribute to decline. The document recommends rebuilding quality, resisting the temptation to exploit brand recognition through lower quality products, and pursuing a carefully defined target market as strategies to revitalize a declining brand. It argues that most brands can be revived if they still have residual value in brand equity dimensions like differential effect, brand knowledge and customer response.
5-(IV)in what ways do consumers stray from rational decision process114iiminternship
This document summarizes different ways that consumer decision making can stray from rational deliberation. It discusses low involvement peripheral decision making, variety-seeking behavior, and concepts from behavioral decision theory and behavioral economics like heuristics, framing, and mental accounting. Specifically, it explains how consumers use heuristics like availability and representativeness, how framing can influence choices, and how mental accounting involves categorizing financial options in non-logical ways like integrating small gains with large losses.
The document outlines the 5 stages that consumers go through in the buying process: 1) problem recognition, 2) information search, 3) evaluation of alternatives, 4) purchase decision, and 5) post-purchase behavior. It describes each stage in detail, including how internal and external stimuli can trigger problem recognition, the different sources of information consumers use in their search, and how they evaluate alternatives based on attributes and form attitudes. The document also discusses factors that can influence the purchase decision and the importance of satisfying consumers in the post-purchase stage through reinforcement of their choice.
5-(I) how do consumer characteristics influene buying behaviour114iiminternship
Consumer characteristics such as cultural, social, and personal factors influence buying behavior. Cultural factors include culture, subculture, and social class. Culture determines values and views, while subcultures provide identity. Social class indicates divisions in society that influence product preferences. Social factors comprise reference groups like family and roles/status. Personal factors consist of age, occupation, personality, lifestyle, and values. These characteristics shape consumer tastes, choices, and consumption patterns.
5-(II) major psychological processes influencing consumer responses114iiminternship
The key psychological processes that influence consumer responses to marketing are motivation, perception, learning, emotion, and memory. Motivation is influenced by theories like Freud's, Maslow's, and Herzberg's which explain how needs drive behavior. Perception involves selective attention and distortion based on preconceptions. Learning associates products with drives and reinforcement. Emotions are evoked by ads and products. Memory involves forming associations between brands and attributes which marketers aim to strengthen through repetition and cues.
6.6)How do institutional buyers & government agencies do their buying?114iiminternship
Institutional markets consist of organizations like schools, hospitals, and prisons that must provide goods and services to people in their care. They have low budgets and captive clientele. Hospitals must decide on food quality for patients.
Government markets are a major buyer of goods and services. Suppliers submit bids and contracts are normally awarded to the lowest bidder, but quality or reputation may also be considered. Complex projects involving research are negotiated. The process of awarding government work includes announcing requests, shortlisting bidders, and evaluating technical and commercial bids.
6.5)How can companies build strong relationships with business customers?114iiminternship
This document discusses managing business-to-business customer relationships and the benefits of vertical coordination between buyers and sellers. It describes how closer relationships are driven by supply chain management and purchasing alliances. It also discusses the categories used to classify buyer-supplier relationships, from basic transactions to collaborative partnerships. The document notes that while vertical coordination can strengthen ties, it may also increase risks and opportunism that need to be mitigated. New technologies allow top firms to more effectively engage and communicate with their business customers.
The document summarizes the key stages in a business procurement process:
1) Problem recognition - when a business recognizes an internal or external problem or need.
2) Need and product specification - the business determines general characteristics and specifications.
3) Supplier search - the business identifies potential suppliers through various sources.
4) Proposal solicitation - qualified suppliers submit proposals which are evaluated and shortlisted.
5) Supplier selection - suppliers are evaluated and a preferred supplier is selected, with potential negotiation on pricing.
6) Order and routine specification - the final order details are negotiated and agreed upon.
7) Performance review - the supplier's ongoing performance is periodically reviewed.
The document discusses the participants in business buying processes and their roles. It describes the buying center as consisting of individuals who participate in purchasing decisions and share common goals. Common roles in the buying center include initiators, users, influencers, deciders, approvers, buyers, and gatekeepers. Successful business marketers target specific firm types and concentrate their selling efforts on key influencers within buying centers. They must understand each participant's objectives to effectively target their efforts.
6.2)What buying situations do organizational buyers face?114iiminternship
This document discusses different types of business buying situations and their implications for marketing. There are three main types of buying situations: straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new task. Straight rebuy involves routine reordering from an approved supplier list. Modified rebuy involves wanting to change some aspect of an existing purchase. New task involves purchasing a product or service for the first time. The complexity and time needed for a purchasing decision depends on factors like the cost, risk, and number of people involved. The document also discusses systems buying, where a business buyer prefers to purchase a total solution from one seller, and system selling, where sellers adopt this approach as a marketing strategy.
Explore the key differences between silicone sponge rubber and foam rubber in this comprehensive presentation. Learn about their unique properties, manufacturing processes, and applications across various industries. Discover how each material performs in terms of temperature resistance, chemical resistance, and cost-effectiveness. Gain insights from real-world case studies and make informed decisions for your projects.