Slideshow on Introduction to linux for LUG Manipal's Linux Installfest-2012

1. An Introduction to Linux
Vivek kurmi
+91-9008744609
Kurmi.vivek@gmail.com
Linux User Group,Manipal
Install Fest-2012
16th october,2012
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2. What is Linux?
What is Linux?
● Linux is Free and Open Source.
● It is a UNIX like multi-
user,multitasking operating system
with the X Windows GUI,which can
work on multiple hardware platform.
● Since Linux is free and Open
Source, there are many flavours to
linux.
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3. Open Source!
Open Source!
● Owners of Proprietary Software's closely guard
their Source code, and thus cannot be modified by
anyone except them.
● On the contrary Open Source software's means,
the source code of the software is OPEN to
general public.
● Programmers can read,redistribute, and modify
the source for a piece of software.People adapt it,
improve it and fix bugs.And this can happen at a
speed that,compared to conventional software
development, seems astonishing.
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4. Free Software
Free Software
● The term Free is in the sense, freedom to
copy and re-use the software source, rather
than to the price of the software.
● To understand the concept, one should-
"think of free as in free speech, not as in
free beer".
● Though Open Source are mostly free of
cost there are few exceptions like
ZendStudio,houdini.
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5. History
History
● Linux is Unix-like Operating
System.
● The code of UNIX is not
copied,only the Operating
System Concepts are
properly incorporated.
● The development of Linux
started from scratch and
thus is just a Unix clone and
not freely available UNIX
copy.
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6. History-UNIX
History-UNIX
● In 1970’s AT&t Bell labs funded a project to create
a new Operating System and came up with UNIX.
● UNIX finally developed as a powerful Operating
System and quickly became very famous.
● It was first released in 1971 and was initially
entirely written in assembly language.Later,in
1973, Unix was re-written in the programming
language C by Dennis Ritchie.
● Soon after contribution from various
Universities AT&T licensed it and made it
proprietary making it unfit for teaching and
learning.
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7. History-GNU
History-GNU
● The GNU Project, started in 1983 by
Richard Stallman, had the goal of
creating a "complete Unix-
compatible software system"
composed entirely of free software.
● Work began in 1984. By the early
1990s, many of the programs
required in an operating system
(such as libraries, compilers, text
editors, a Unix shell, and a
windowing system) were completed,
although low-level elements such as
device drivers, daemons, and the
kernel were stalled and incomplete.
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8. History-MINIX
History-MINIX
● MINIX(from "mini-Unix") is a
Unix-like computer operating
system based on a microkernel
architecture created by Andrew
S. Tanenbaum for educational
purposes.
● MINIX was first released in 1987.
● MINIX inspired the creation of
the Linux kernel.
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9. History-LINUX
History-LINUX
● In April 1991, Linus Torvalds, a
21-year-old student at the
University of Helsinki, Finland
started working on some simple
ideas for an operating system.
● By September 1991, Linux
version 0.01 was released on the
FTP server of the Finnish
University and Research Network.
It had 10,239 lines of code.
● The X Window System was soon
ported to Linux. In March 1992,
Linux version 0.95 was the first to
be capable of running X.
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10. History-LINUX
History-LINUX
● On 14 March 1994, Linux 1.0.0
was released, with 176,250 lines
of code.
● Starting in 2004, the release
process changed and new
kernels started coming out on a
regular schedule every 2-3
months.
● As of 2012, the Linux 3.2 release
had 14,998,651 lines of code.
● As of January 4, 2011, it would
cost approximately 3 billion USD
(about 2.2 billion EUR) to
redevelop the Linux kernel.
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11. Why so many Linux flavours??
Why so many Linux flavours??
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12. Why so many Linux flavours??
Why so many Linux flavours??
● All Linux flavours are called Distros which are a
fancy term for distributions.
● Since its Free and Open Source people are
free to modify and release their own version
and copies.
● If you dont like you one distro you can freely
move to any other one which you like for e.g-
Open Suse, Mandriva, Slackware etc.
● Some popular linux distros are
Ubuntu,Kubuntu,Fedora,Mint,OpenSuse,
ArchLinux,RedHat.
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13. Advantages of Linux
Advantages of Linux
● Low Cost ● Compatibility
● Stability ● Fast and Easy
● Performance Installation
● Network Friendliness
● Full use of Hard Disk
● Flexibility
● Multitasking
● Security
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14. Who uses linux??
Who uses linux??
● Almost all Hackers rely on linux.
● Almost all Supercomputers runs on Linux.
● Amazon.com online retailer recently switched
entirely to Linux and saved 17 million Dollars.
● Google, the most popular search engine on the web,
runs on a cluster of over 1000 Linux servers.
● Wikipedia runs on linux since its birth and has
shifted to Ubuntu since 2008.
● NYSE runs on linux.
● Life Insurance Corporation of India switched entirely
to linux.
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15. Linux on multiple hardware platforms
Linux on multiple hardware platforms
● While not originally designed to be
portable,Linux is now one of the most widely
ported operating system kernels, running on a
diverse range of systems from the ARM
architecture to the massive mainframe server.
● Some operating systems developed for mobile
phones use modified versions of the Linux
kernel, including Google Android, HP webOS,
and Nokia Maemo.
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16. Thank You!!!
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