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動画マッピング
激辛オープンストリートマップステップアップ勉強会
2015-03-28
T-MZ
データ収集手法の位置づけ
動画カメラ
収集量:大
pushpin
紙
マッピングに専念
ながら収集
頭で記憶
収集量:小
スチルカメラ
動画マッピングの特徴
● メリット
– 乗り物に乗りながらデータ収集が可能
● 自転車、オートバイ、車、電車
● 旅行中に記録
– 当初OSMデータ化しなかった動画も再利用できる
● デメリット
– 目標物が記録できない場合あり
● 街路樹や通行人で看板が隠れていたなど
● 必ず記録したい地物は他の手段(デジカメなど)で補完
– 詳細な情報(細かい文字)抽出には不向き
後で再確認可能
富山県内を撮影中、知らずに
北陸新幹線の下をくぐっていた
:撮影方向
北陸新幹線 新高岡駅
昔の映像との比較
2013年1月 2014年6月
商店街も手押し自転車ならOK
国道なのに商店街なので
昼は自転車も走行禁止
GPSログとの対応づけ
● JOSMのvideomappingプラグインは実用レベルではな
い
– カメラ用ファイル(MJPEG or MPEG4 AVC/H.264)が再生で
きない
– プラグインが不安定で、頻繁に不正終了する
– 開始時刻を動画とGPSログで一致させておく必要がある
● AviUtl用プラグインを自作しました
– http://tmz.skr.jp/programs/gpspos.html
● 「JOSM AviUtl」でググっても行けます
– AviUtl用の各種プラグインと組み合わせることで、任意の
ファイル形式に対応
– LinuxやMacでは、Wineを併用すると動作するようです
撮影のノウハウ
撮影方向の試行錯誤
Bing画像
:撮影方向
問題点:
(1)店名が見えない
(2)正確な場所が分からない
大体
この辺なんだけど・・
撮影画像
撮影イメージ(1)
この辺りを
特に記録したい
サイドビュー(カメラを左向き/右向き)に撮影するのが最適
町並みは、
道路に平行方向の看板が多い
カメラを前方に向けた場合、
地物の正確な位置特定が困難
撮影イメージ(2)
カメラを縦長に使うのが効率的
普通に撮影時(横長)
横倒しで撮影時(縦長)
横倒しのほうが広範囲の画像を撮影できる
画角の検討
建物
2階の
下部くらい
5m
4m
車道 路側帯・歩道
1m
路側帯も視野に入れたい(後述)ので
上下方向は水平くらいがよい
4m
45°45°
上下方向の画角として90°欲しい
1m
画角90°
16:9カメラの視野
90°×
√16
2
+9
2
16
=103.26°画角103°
画角100°前後のカメラを
横倒しで使えばいい
45°45°
自転車へのカメラ取り付け例
撮影方向
時間帯(朝が良い場合)
通行人が多い時間帯は
映したいものが映らないことも
時間帯(夜が良い場合)
昼にシャッターが降りていると
夜営業の店なのか
店を畳んだのか分かりにくい
道なりに動くべし
GPSの精度は方向が特定できるほど高くない!
道路に沿った方向転換だからこそ位置を特定可能
GPSログ
道路の画像も重要
Bing画像
道路上のペイント(横断歩道)から
Bing写真上の位置を特定できる
Bingは写真が古く、建物がまだない
撮影画像
ノウハウ(まとめ)
● カメラの画角は100~120°くらいが良い
– 170°など広角では物が小さく映るため、文字判別が困難
●
目標とする地物によって適した時間帯が異なる
– 電話ボックスなど24H不変な物は人通りの少ない早朝
– 居酒屋は夜
●
撮影中は、道なりに走るべし
– 寄り道が多いと、どちらを向いているか分からなくなる
●
建物だけでなく、地面も撮影することが重要
– 交差/分岐する道を確実に判別できる
– 横断歩道などを衛星画像から探して位置を特定
●
練習は必須
– 撮影したいものやカメラにより状況はいろいろ
参考
● Video mapping (wiki)
– http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Video_mapping

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動画マッピングのノウハウ