1. CATCHING EXCEPTION
Chapter 9.1:

2. Definition
 An exception represents an error
condition that can occur during the
normal course of program execution.
 Examples
 Division by zero
 Trying to open an input file that does not
exist
 An array index that goes out of bounds

3. Java’s Mechanism of Exception
Handling
 When an exception occurs, an object of
a particular exception class can be
created and thrown.
 The exception-handling routine can then
be executed to catch & handle the
exception object; we say the thrown
exception is caught.
 The normal sequence of flow is
terminated if the exception object is
thrown.

4. Exception thrown
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int num = 0;
System.out.print(“Enter an integer>”);
num = scan.nextInt();
System.out.println(“The number you entered is “ +num);
Enter an integer> three
Exception in thread "main" java.util.InputMismatchException
at java.util.Scanner.throwFor(Unknown Source)
at java.util.Scanner.next(Unknown Source)
at java.util.Scanner.nextInt(Unknown Source)
at java.util.Scanner.nextInt(Unknown Source)
at ExceptionTest.main(ExceptionTest.java:11)
Error message for invalid input

5. Java’s Mechanism of Exception
Handling (continued)
 Java provides a number of exception
classes to effectively handle certain
common exceptions such as division by
zero, invalid input, and file not found
Example:
 When a Scanner object is used to input
data into a program, any invalid input
errors are handled using the class
InputMismatchException
 When a division by zero exception occurs,
the program creates an object of the
class ArithmeticException

6. Exception Types
 All types of thrown exception objects are
instances of the Throwable class or its
subclasses.
 Serious errors are represented by
instances of the Error class or its
subclasses.
 Exceptional cases that common
applications should handle are
represented by instances of the
Exception class or its subclasses.

7. Throwable Hierarchy
 There are over 60 classes in the hierarchy.

8. Catching an Exception
Use try{} and catch{} block
To catch an exception:
 Put code that might throw an exception inside a try{} block.
 Put code that handles the exception inside a catch{} block.
try {
// statements, some of which might
// throw an exception
}
catch ( SomeExceptionType ex ) {
// statements to handle this
// type of exception
}

9. Catching an Exception
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int num = 0;
try {
System.out.print(“Enter an integer>”);
num = scan.nextInt();
} catch (InputMismatchException e){
System.out.println(“Invalid input! Please enter
digits only");
}
System.out.println(“The number you entered is “ +num);
try
catch

10. try-catch Control Flow

11. Getting Information
 There are two methods we can call to
get information about the thrown
exception:
 getMessage
 printStackTrace
try {
. . .
} catch (NumberFormatException e){
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
System.out.println(e.printStackTrace());
}