1. Linked Data in a University Context: Publication, Applications and Beyond Mathieu d’Aquin - @mdaquin Knowledge Media Institute, the Open University data.open.ac.uk

2. Linked Data As set of principles and technologies for a Web of Data Putting the “raw” data online in a standard, web enabled representation (RDF) Make the data Web addressable (URIs) Link with other data

3. Graph (up to date)

4. The Open University The biggest university in the UK (200,000 students) One of the youngest (40 years) Most teaching done at a distance 1 campus, 13 regional centers Committed to “Open”: Open educational material available as podcasts (iTunes U), units of course material (OpenLearn), etc. Tradition of investing in new technology for teaching, learning, knowledge sharing, etc. Role of the Knowledge Media Institute (KMi)

5. So Linked Data for the OU? RAE DBPedia Data from Research Outputs OpenLearn Content ORO Exposed as linked data, our data interlink with each other and the external world: become part of the “global data space” on the Web Archive of Course Material Library’s Catalogue Of Digital Content geonames data.gov.uk Currently: OU public data sit in different systems – hard to discover, obtain, integrate by users. A/V Material Podcasts iTunesU BBC DBLP

6. Why is it important? The OU has been the first University to expose its data as linked data: http://data.open.ac.uk Now widely recognized as a critical step forward for the HE sector in the UK (and worldwide) Favor transparency and reuse of data, both externally and internally Reduces cost of dealing with our own public data: integration and reuse by design Enable both new kinds of applications, and to make the ones that are already feasible more cost effective Several other UK universities have now followed our example: http://data.online.lincoln.ac.uk/, http://data.ox.ac.uk/, http://data.southampton.ac.uk/ And others in other countries are setting up similar initiatives

7. The data.open.ac.uk Stack Applications Institutional repository data Research Data (Arts) Organizational infrastructure Technical infrastructure

8. data.open.ac.uk

9. Expose Store Collect Extract Link Ontologies Scheduler Cleaning rules RDF file (add) RDF file (delete) URL redirection rules RSS Extractor Delete (1) Add (2) RDF Cleaner Web Server ORO, podcast RSS feed RDF file (add) RDF file (delete) Triple Store RSS Updater SPARQL endpoint RDF Extractor New items Obsolete items Each datasets Index Entity Name System Search XML Updater URI creation rules Lib, courses, loc Planning + Logging Generic process Dataset specific process

11. Get sample data

12. Identify Copyright Issues

13. Identify possible links

15. Map onto the data

16. Identify uncovered parts

17. Define URI SchemeData Modeling Validation Lucero Core Team Lucero members Data Owner Development of Extractor URI Creation Rules Definition Deployment Lucero KMi Team

18. Screenshot of the dataset page

20. Applications Mobile and Personal Semantics Social Resource Discovery Research Exploration

21. Example application: Link OpenLearn to relevant course/podcasts See also: Zablith et al, LinkedLearning 2011

22. ROLE widget

23. Integrating Open Educational Material in course descriptions See also: Zablith et al., COLD 2011

24. Explore Explore the courses, qualifications and open educational resources available on a particular topic in one place. See also: Zablith et al., COLD 2011

25. se Lean-back podcast viewer See also: Zablith et al., COLD 2011 See also: Zablith et al., COLD 2011

26. se See also: http://people.kmi.open.ac.uk/mathieu/about/discobro-discovering-linked-data- resources-while-browsing/ http://discovery.ac.uk/developers/competition/

27. Add DiscoBro

28. Example Application: keep track of location, meetings, tutorials, at the OU

29. Radar

30. Supporting Researchers: The Reading Experience Database http://www.open.ac.uk/Arts/reading/ 40,000 accounts of somebody reading something at some time in some place Used by researchers in literature and history to explore research hypothesis

31. Event Location locatedIn subClassOf subClassOf Experience City Country date: Date readerInvolved originCountry textInvolved occupation givesBackgroundTo Person religion gender creator/editor LinkedEvent Ontology Document CITO Citation Ontology Dublin Core title: String description: String published: Date providesExcerptFor FOAF DBPedia

33. Lessons Learnt The major part of the work is not technical Linked data is simple! Identifying available data, obtaining access to them, re-modeling them is hard A lot of people’s jobs (administrators, managers, researchers)areall about collecting and managing data A lot of this effort is lost because of closed systems, lack of integration and exposure of the data Linked data is also a way to maximize the exploitation of otherwise inefficient data management approaches There is no killer app Benefit = many small things that are made easier/were not possible before.

34. What’s Next? Cross-Institution Linked Data/Resource Discovery/Exchanges Why should educational resources be in University Silos? Who cares where they come from? LinkedUniversities.org See also: Fernandez et al., ISWC 2011 (in use)

35. What’s Next? (2) Understanding, Analyzing, Interpreting the data Data is useless, there is no intelligence in the data, only in the application And current applications are no so intelligent, interpretation is still left to the user Reasoning, pattern recognition, data analytics and data mining with the all sort of new challenges in linked data Create something new: the Semantic Web

36. Deploy SPARQL endpoints on Android and Use Sensor Data See also: d’Aquin et al. ISWC 2011 demo d’Aquin et al. SSN 2011

37. See also: http://lucero-project.info/lb/2011/06/what-to-ask-linked-data/ d’Aquinand Motta, K-CAP 2011

38. See also: uciad.info d’Aquin et al – SDoW 2011

39. Thank you! Carlo Allocca SalmanElahi Jane Whild FouadZablith KMi AndriyNikolov EnricoMott Mathieu d’Aquin Arts Suzanne Duncanson-Hunter John Wolfe Paul Lawrence Richard Nurse ((ex-)PM) Owen Stephens (PM) Stuart Brown Liam Green Hughes Com./ Student Comp. Services Non Scantlebury Library Specialists Arts Specialists OU Library Data Owners