Laparoscopic surgery, also known as keyhole surgery, uses a video camera and thin instruments inserted through small incisions to perform surgical procedures. The camera transmits an image of the organs inside onto a monitor, allowing the surgeon to see inside the body without making large incisions. Some common procedures performed laparoscopically include gallbladder removal, appendix removal, gastric banding, and kidney stone removal. Advantages of laparoscopic surgery include less pain, blood loss, and scarring compared to open surgery, along with shorter hospital stays and faster recovery times. However, laparoscopic surgery requires specialized skills and equipment and may not be suitable for all procedures.