CPR is a lifesaving technique used when someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. It involves chest compressions and artificial ventilation to maintain blood flow and oxygen to the brain and heart until definitive medical treatment can restore normal function. CPR consists of cycles of chest compressions and rescue breaths in a ratio of 30 compressions to 2 breaths. It is intended to preserve brain function until further measures like defibrillation can restore spontaneous circulation and breathing. CPR guidelines are provided by the American Heart Association and it should be performed until spontaneous circulation returns, the scene becomes unsafe to continue, or a medical professional takes over treatment.

1. CARDIO PULMONARY
RESUSCITATION
PRESENTED BY
ShaletSusanShaji

2. INTRODUCTION
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
(CPR) is a lifesaving technique useful in many
emergencies, including heart attack or near
drowning, in which someone's breathing or
heartbeat has stopped. For patients with
cardiac arrest, survival rates and neurologic
outcomes are poor, though early appropriate
resuscitation, involving cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR), early defibrillation, and
appropriate implementation of post–cardiac
arrest care, leads to improved survival and
neurologic outcomes.

3. WHAT DOES CPR STAND FOR?
• C = Cardio (heart)
• P = Pulmonary (lungs)
• R = Resuscitation (recover)

4. DEFINITION
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
consists of the use of chest compressions
and artificial ventilation to maintain
circulatory flow and oxygenation during
cardiac arrest.
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation is technique
of Basic Life Support for oxygenating the
brain and heart until appropriate definitive
medical treatment can restore normal heart
and ventilator action.

5. PURPOSES
•To maintain an open and clear airway(A)
•To maintain breathing by external
ventilation(B)
•To maintain blood circulation by external
cardiac massages(C)
•To save life of the patient
•To provide basic life support till medical and
advanced life support arrives

6. INDICATIONS
•Unconsciousness.
•Pulseless.

7. •Ventricular fibrillation (VF)
•Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT)
•Pulseless electrical activity (PEA)
•Pulseless bradycardia

8. •No breathing
•No circulation
•Obstructed
airway

9. •Dead cases, where no pulse and no
breathing can be detected
•Drug over dosage
•Drowning

10. •Poisoning
•Non-fatal cardiac arrhythmia
•Shocks and seizures.

11. CONTRAINDICATIONS
•DNR(Do not resuscitate)
•Severe cardiogenic shock

12. •Uncontrolled bleeding or coagulopathy
•Bone trauma or chest trauma
•CABG or any other open heart surgeries

13. EQUIPMENT

14. CPR GUIDELINES (American
Heart Association)

15. TECHNIQUE

17. BEFORE YOU BEGIN
•Is the person conscious or unconscious?
• Is the scene safe?
•If the person appears unconscious, tap or shake his
or her shoulder and ask loudly, "Are you OK?“
• check carotid pulse
• Call 911 or the local emergency number .

18. POSITIONING FOR CPR
The patient lays supine
on a relatively hard
surface.
The person giving
compressions should be
positioned high enough
above the patient

19. CHEST COMPRESSION: Restores blood circulation.
1. Put the person on his or her back on a firm
surface.

20. 2.Kneel next to the person's neck and
shoulders.

21. SITE OF GIVING COMPRESSION

22. 3.Place the heel of one hand over the center
of the person's chest, between the nipples.
Place your other hand on top of the first
hand. Keep your elbows straight and position
your shoulders directly above your hands.

23. 4.Use your upper body weight (not just your
arms) as you push straight down on
(compress) the chest at least 2 inches
(approximately 5 centimeters). Push hard at a
rate of about 100 compressions a minute.

25. AIRWAY – clear the airway

28. BREATHING – breathe for the person
1. With the airway open (using the head-tilt,
chin-lift maneuver), pinch the nostrils shut for
mouth-to-mouth breathing and cover the
person's mouth with yours, making a seal.

29. 2.Prepare to give two rescue breaths.Thirty
chest compressions followed by two rescue
breaths is considered one cycle.

32. 5 cycles of CPR AED First shock
AED second shock 5 cycles of CPR
If AED not available Continue CPR

33. WHEN TO STOP CPR

37. RETURN OF SPONTANEOUS
CIRCULATION

41. COMPLICATIONS

42.  Broken bones

43. •Vomiting and Aspiration

44. •Body Fluid Exposure

45. •Gastric Distention

47. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, commonly
known as CPR, is an emergency procedure
performed in an effort to manually preserve
intact brain function until further measures
are taken to restore spontaneous blood
circulation and breathing in a person who
is in cardiac arrest. It is indicated in those
who are unresponsive with no breathing or
abnormal breathing.