This document summarizes different types of energy sources including renewable and non-renewable sources. It describes various power generation methods such as hydroelectric, wind, solar, geothermal, biomass and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. The text also discusses transmission of electricity through grids and the environmental impacts of the current energy system which relies heavily on non-renewable sources like coal and nuclear power. It emphasizes the need for more sustainable energy sources to address issues like resource scarcity and pollution.

1. BY: ÁLVARO CABEZAS
CRISTINA PUERTA
SERGIO SARDIÑA

2. Types of energy
Nowadays the energy we use comes from power plants like:
Nuclear power Stream power Hydroelectric Wind Solar
Plant plant power station farm farm

3. Kinetic energy
• Kinetic energy is a type of energy that is created when:
an object moves like a car.
Also wind turbines make it when wind moves the turbine and the engine moves, produces
energy.

4. Gravitational potential energy
• This type of energy depends on how high the object is, like when a ball falls from a
table. That movement is this energy.
when this skydivers
jump from the airplane
they make this energy.

5. Chemical energy
This type of energy is produced by an object and when we change the structure, its energy
is released in form of thermal energy. This is the first step for producing electricity due of
burning fuels.
This example of
a space-shuttle
works when the
fuel burns. Its
fuel is made of
chemical agents

6. Electric energy
• It is the final product of power plants, the energy we use in the car and circuit of the
workshop and in car and mobile batteries.
It can also be used in electrical appliances such us light bulbs.
Also, we can find
electrical energy in
nature such us in
lightnings. Its
energy can act as
a battery.

7. Light energy
• This energy can be produced by an electric current to light up a light bulb or produced
by the nature. The sun produces it and in solar panels, is collected and can be thermal
energy or electrical.
The nature can also produce
this energy with the sun, the
best light source and ecologic
that has existed

8. Sound energy
• Sound is also a type of energy that can break a glass or damage our eardrums if it is very
loud or highly pitched. Sound can transport energy through vibrations in the
enviroment.
Sound energy can be shown
in a sound level meter that
measures its volume and
intensity.

9. Renewable and non-renewable energy sources
• Primary energy sources are found in nature such us the sun, wind, coal, petroleum, gas,
waves, heat of earth, tides, firewood, uranium.
• Secondary energy sources aren´t found in nature and are produced by technological
processes from primary sources such us gasoline, hydrogen and electricity.
They are also divided in renewable and non-renewable
Renewable: Sun, wind, waves, tides, biomass, water, earth heat.
Non-renewable: uranium, coal, gas, and petroleum.

10. Advantages and disadvantages
• Renewable energy sources they can be re-used and
never runs out which is good
because it will last forever
it depends on weather
and does not produce the
sufficient energy for a good
supply

11. • Non-renewable energy sources
Depending on where they create CO2,
they are produced, that makes the
they are cheaper and greenhouse effect
easy to obtain. and makes
pollution.

12. Non-Renewable energy sources
• What are they?
Natural sources found in nature
• Examples:
Coal Petroleum Gas
Fossil fuels
made up of
carbon

13. • Uses of fossil fuels
electric energy
-Coal: cement
paper
petrol
plastics Petroleum
Paint
Extraction of petroleum
in the sea

14. EXTRACTION OF
PETROLEUM IN LAND
propane
-Gas domestic Extraction of
butane use gas

15. • Nuclear energy
What is it?
Energy nucleus of atoms
Make electricity
In two ways
fusion fission
NUCLEAR FUSION
Atoms combine
fused together
NUCLEAR FISSION
Atoms split
in

16. Transformation of thermal energy into mechanical
Heat can transform into movement
Examples machines for trains
-Steam engine: steam working fluid
-Internal combustion engine: combustion of oxidizer combustion
fuel chamber
-Steam turbine: extracts
termal energy pressurized steam rotating
mechanical work
in
from

17. internal combustion engine Steam turbine

18. -Gas engine internal combustion
runs on a gas fuel

19. Renewable energy sources are the ones which:
-When the energy source cant run out
-When they do not pollute the enviroment
-Has to be produced by natural resources
-Examples: water, wind, solar energy.
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

21. SOLAR ENERGY
• It is the energy source that we most use in the world.
• It is produced by taking the sunlight and transforming it into electricity.
• For taking the energy we use solar panels that have solar cells that absorb energy.
• They can be installed in your house for heating water and for electricity or they can be organised in
solar farms.
Solar farm

22. WIND ENERGY
• Wind energy is the one we obtain by the movement of turbines produced by wind.
• The wind moves the blades which activate a system of engines that create a rotation in the
generator so that it can charge for having electricity.
• A group of this machines is called a wind farm

23. WATER ENERGY
• Water is stored in a reservoir
• Only a little amount of water passes to the
other side of the dam.
• The current of this passage of water moves the
turbine
• The turbine activates the generator which
creates energy.

24. WAVES ENERGY
• In this process we obtain the electricity
when:
• The waves enter into a capture chamber.
• Air is compressed inside the chamber
• The air flow starts to move the turbine
which is connected to the generator
• The generator finally creates electricity

25. TIDES ENERGY
• A tide is a movement of the water produced
by the atraction of the water to the moon.
• For getting electricity from tides,
• The turbines move when the tides goes up
and down.
• The faster the tide, the more the turbines move, the
more energy we get.
• This makes the turbine move.
• Finally the generator stores the electricity.

26. BIOMASS ENERGY
• We can take electricity by the biomass,
• -Examples of biomass are:
• Wood from the forest, wastes, animal
and agricultural wastes…..
• A way of obtaining the enrgy is by
combustion,
• We have tu burn the biomass so that it
produces steam.
• The steam turns the turbine and then
the elctricity is produced.

27. EARTH HEAT ENERGY
• This process is usually used in towns for
heating them
• The first thing we do is pump the water
down to the interior of the earth by a tubo
• The interior of the earth is very hot and
makes the cold water transform into hot
water
• Then te steam of hot water goes up and
activates the generator which produces the
elctricity

28. THERMAL POWER PLANTS
• First the coal is burnt in a furnance of steam boiler.
• The pressure of the steam is increased in the boiler.
• This steam is then passes to the super heater, where it is heaten.
• Then this heated steam goes into a turbine at high speed.
• The steam force rotates the turbine and so it charges the generator.

30. HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
• The dam stops the flow of a river and stores lots of water behind it in
the reservoir.
• At the bottom of the dam wall there is the water intake in a hole.
• Gravity causes it to fall through the tube inside the dam.
• At the end of the tube there is a turbine, which is turned by the
movement of water.
• The shaft from the turbine goes up into the generator, which produces
the power that then goes to the cables for going to houses.
• Then the water passes to the other side of the dam and continues its
flow

32. NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
• In a nuclear power station the uranium is first formed into pellets and then into long rods.
• The uranium rods are kept cool by putting them in water.
• When they are taken out from the water a nuclear reaction takes place causing heat.
• The amount of heat required is controlled by raising and lowering the rods.
• If more heat is required the rods are raised more out of the water and if less is needed they lower
they put into it.

33. • Transmission: The electricity is transmitted by the grids some
cables that are called grids, they are transported to a city, town
or village.

35. Energy and the enviroment
Our electrical system nowadays is made up of non-renewable energy
souces like coal and nuclear energy.
The reserves are very scarce and when we use them, they pollute the air
and enviroment.

36. Energy saving
• This is not only using less energy because we don´t need it, but
also not turning on electrical appliances we dont use. Appart of
saving money, we make less pollution.

37. Eficiency
• This is using as an example a low consume light bulb for
the same use as a normal one, wich produces the same
light with 75% energy than a normal one.

38. Impact and deficiencies of the current electrical
system
• As our energy system nowadays is of non-renewable,it damages
a lot the enviroment with the nuclear pollution, the CO2 pollution,
etc.
• So we cannot provide a energy source for the future

39. bybliography
http://www.technologystudent.com/energy1/nuclear1.htm
http://www.marineturbines.com/Tidal-Energy
http://epa.gov/climatestudents/solutions/technologies/water.html
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/our-energy-choices/renewable-
energy/how-geothermal-energy-works.html#.VOj_Z9iHNL9
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/our-energy-choices/renewable-
energy/how-biomass-energy-works.html#.VOj_mNiHNL8
http://www.wikipedia.org