Report
![Invasive Species ,[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Coral reefs are the largest structures built by living organisms and are home to 25% of ocean species, yet they are at severe risk. Coral reefs provide many benefits like fisheries, shoreline protection, tourism, and medicines, valued at $233 billion to $1.3 trillion annually. However, threats from overfishing, pollution, disease, bleaching due to warming oceans, and ocean acidification have already damaged many reefs and are projected to severely damage most reefs by 2050 if issues are not addressed.
How Did Scientists discover the properties of electrons
J.J. Thomson discovered electrons through his experiments with cathode ray tubes in 1897. He observed that something was moving from the cathode to the anode, even through a vacuum. To determine if these particles carried an electrical charge, Thomson passed cathode rays through an electric field. He found that the particles were deflected towards the positive plate, indicating they were negatively charged particles. This led Thomson to conclude that the particles, which he named "corpuscles," were subatomic constituents within atoms that could be broken off, contradicting prevailing theories that atoms were indivisible. His discovery of electrons and their negative charge was a major breakthrough in understanding atomic structure.
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This document provides an introduction to natural disasters. It defines natural disasters as naturally occurring hazards including geophysical, hydrological, climatological, meteorological and biological events. Examples are given of each type. The document discusses why a course on natural disasters is useful, covering relevant scientific fields and how disasters affect both nature and humanity. Statistics are presented on economic losses and loss of life from disasters globally between 1970-2013. Ecological damage from various disasters is depicted. The document specifically discusses natural disaster risk in Hong Kong, noting it is ranked the highest risk city in Asia and 3rd globally. Common Hong Kong disasters of storms, floods and wildfires are identified, and contingency planning resources are referenced.
Brief introduction to chemistry I
This document provides an introduction to basic chemistry concepts. It defines key terms like molecule, atom, element, and compound. It explains that atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The number of protons determines the element, and differences in neutrons create isotopes. Electrons orbit the nucleus, held together by electrostatic attraction between protons and electrons. Common elements in the human body are identified by mass and atomic proportion. Atoms differ in size based on their number of protons and neutrons. This influences their chemical properties and reactivity.
Mark McGinley Story
Mark McGinley was born in Corpus Christi, Texas and spent his early childhood in small towns in Texas, where he developed an interest in biology exploring the countryside. In 6th grade, he moved to Australia and lived in Melbourne and Sydney for several years before returning to Thousand Oaks, California for high school. He then studied zoology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he conducted undergraduate research that resulted in a publication. He went on to complete his M.S. at Kansas State University and Ph.D. at the University of Utah, conducting research assistantships in Colorado and Arizona along the way.
Fires & wolves yellowstone
- Yellowstone National Park was established in 1872 and covers 3,472 square miles across Wyoming, Montana and Idaho.
- In the late 1980s, a large wildfire burned over 790,000 acres in the park. This opened up the landscape and allowed new plant growth.
- Gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone between 1995-1997 after being extinct in the park for 70 years. Their reintroduction led to a trophic cascade that benefited various plant and animal species.
Indigenous people of east malaysia
The document provides information on indigenous peoples of East Malaysia, including the Dayaks, Ibans, Bidayuh, Kadazans, Penan and their traditions and lifestyles. It discusses how the Dayaks were historically known for headhunting but have since abandoned the practice. It describes the various ethnic groups' traditional living arrangements, religions, occupations including farming, and clothing. It also addresses how their ways of life have modernized over time.
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Coral Reefs: Biodiversity and Beauty at Risk
Coral reefs are the largest structures built by living organisms and are home to 25% of ocean species, yet they are at severe risk. Coral reefs provide many benefits like fisheries, shoreline protection, tourism, and medicines, valued at $233 billion to $1.3 trillion annually. However, threats from overfishing, pollution, disease, bleaching due to warming oceans, and ocean acidification have already damaged many reefs and are projected to severely damage most reefs by 2050 if issues are not addressed.
How Did Scientists discover the properties of electrons
J.J. Thomson discovered electrons through his experiments with cathode ray tubes in 1897. He observed that something was moving from the cathode to the anode, even through a vacuum. To determine if these particles carried an electrical charge, Thomson passed cathode rays through an electric field. He found that the particles were deflected towards the positive plate, indicating they were negatively charged particles. This led Thomson to conclude that the particles, which he named "corpuscles," were subatomic constituents within atoms that could be broken off, contradicting prevailing theories that atoms were indivisible. His discovery of electrons and their negative charge was a major breakthrough in understanding atomic structure.
Applying scientific thinking joe texas and suzy housewife
Evaluating examples of faulty scientific thinking. How to design and conduct a manipulative experiment.
Introduction to natural disasters
This document provides an introduction to natural disasters. It defines natural disasters as naturally occurring hazards including geophysical, hydrological, climatological, meteorological and biological events. Examples are given of each type. The document discusses why a course on natural disasters is useful, covering relevant scientific fields and how disasters affect both nature and humanity. Statistics are presented on economic losses and loss of life from disasters globally between 1970-2013. Ecological damage from various disasters is depicted. The document specifically discusses natural disaster risk in Hong Kong, noting it is ranked the highest risk city in Asia and 3rd globally. Common Hong Kong disasters of storms, floods and wildfires are identified, and contingency planning resources are referenced.
Brief introduction to chemistry I
This document provides an introduction to basic chemistry concepts. It defines key terms like molecule, atom, element, and compound. It explains that atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The number of protons determines the element, and differences in neutrons create isotopes. Electrons orbit the nucleus, held together by electrostatic attraction between protons and electrons. Common elements in the human body are identified by mass and atomic proportion. Atoms differ in size based on their number of protons and neutrons. This influences their chemical properties and reactivity.
Mark McGinley Story
Mark McGinley was born in Corpus Christi, Texas and spent his early childhood in small towns in Texas, where he developed an interest in biology exploring the countryside. In 6th grade, he moved to Australia and lived in Melbourne and Sydney for several years before returning to Thousand Oaks, California for high school. He then studied zoology at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he conducted undergraduate research that resulted in a publication. He went on to complete his M.S. at Kansas State University and Ph.D. at the University of Utah, conducting research assistantships in Colorado and Arizona along the way.
Fires & wolves yellowstone
- Yellowstone National Park was established in 1872 and covers 3,472 square miles across Wyoming, Montana and Idaho.
- In the late 1980s, a large wildfire burned over 790,000 acres in the park. This opened up the landscape and allowed new plant growth.
- Gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone between 1995-1997 after being extinct in the park for 70 years. Their reintroduction led to a trophic cascade that benefited various plant and animal species.
Indigenous people of east malaysia
The document provides information on indigenous peoples of East Malaysia, including the Dayaks, Ibans, Bidayuh, Kadazans, Penan and their traditions and lifestyles. It discusses how the Dayaks were historically known for headhunting but have since abandoned the practice. It describes the various ethnic groups' traditional living arrangements, religions, occupations including farming, and clothing. It also addresses how their ways of life have modernized over time.
History of east malaysia
The document provides a history of East Malaysia, focusing on the Sultanates of Brunei and Sulu that ruled over the region in the 15th-17th centuries. It then discusses the arrival of the British in Sarawak in 1838 and their establishment of the White Rajah dynasty to rule Sarawak. For North Borneo, it outlines the involvement of American and German traders in the 19th century and the founding of the British North Borneo Company. It concludes with Japan's occupation of both regions during World War II and their formation as the states of Sabah and Sarawak upon joining Malaysia in 1963.
Indigenous peoples of malaysia
This document provides an overview of the Indigenous peoples of Malaysia known as the Orang Asli. It describes the 3 main groups of Orang Asli - the Semang, Senoi, and Proto-Malay - and notes their different historical migrations and languages. The lifestyle and traditional livelihoods of the Orang Asli are discussed, including effects of British colonization, slavery, and the Malayan Emergency which led to policies of resettlement. Today, the Orang Asli population faces high rates of poverty and challenges to their land and cultural rights.
Cop 19
The document discusses the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It was created in 1992 at the Rio Earth Summit to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations and prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Nearly every country is party to the UNFCCC, which meets annually to assess climate change progress. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted under the UNFCCC in 1997 and established emissions reduction obligations for developed countries. The goal of the UNFCCC process is for universal participation to efficiently limit future global warming below 2.0°C through a new legally binding climate agreement.
Human population growth
This document discusses human population growth trends over time. It notes that the global human population reached 1 billion in 1830, 2 billion in 1930, 3 billion in 1960, 4 billion in 1975, 5 billion in 1987, 6 billion in 1999, and 7 billion in 2011. It also provides estimates of current birth and death rates worldwide. The document then discusses factors that have allowed unprecedented human population growth, such as advances in agriculture, medicine, and public health. It examines some potential problems associated with high population growth, especially in developing countries, including environmental degradation and resource scarcity. Finally, it outlines the demographic transition process and considers predictions for future global population size and stability.
Plate Tectonics II
The document discusses evidence for plate tectonics including measurements over 10 years showing the movement of tectonic plates and geological studies of ocean floor rocks. Volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis are linked to plate tectonic boundaries as plates diverge, converge, or a hot spot rises. Examples include the Hawaiian Islands formed by a hot spot and volcanoes and quakes at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Historic quakes like 1989 in San Francisco and tsunamis such as the 2004 Indian Ocean and 2011 Tohoku, Japan events are also summarized.
Plate Tectonics I
This document provides an overview of plate tectonics and the key individuals and discoveries that led to the development of the theory. It discusses Alfred Wegener's idea of continental drift in the early 20th century, which was initially rejected. It then covers the discoveries of the mid-ocean ridge system and magnetic striping of the ocean floor in the 1950s-60s, which provided evidence that the continents are moving and new crust is generated at ocean ridges through seafloor spreading. This led to the acceptance of plate tectonics as a scientific theory to explain geological phenomena.
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The document discusses estimates of the age of the Earth and universe over time. Early estimates based on biblical interpretations placed the Earth's age at around 6000 years. The development of modern geology in the 18th century, led by James Hutton, established that geological processes occurred gradually over long periods, indicating a much older Earth. Radiometric dating techniques now provide precise measurements of billions of years for the Earth, meteorites, and universe based on the decay of radioactive isotopes.
The earth part ii
The document describes the layers that make up the Earth's interior. It discusses the core, mantle, crust, and lithosphere. The core is divided into a solid inner core and liquid outer core. The mantle is below the core and comprises most of the Earth's volume. It is divided into upper and lower mantle. The crust sits atop the mantle and exists in oceanic and continental forms. The lithosphere includes the crust and upper mantle. The document also provides background on the formation of the Earth and different types of rocks.
Coastal Ecosystems
Coastal ecosystems like estuaries, salt marshes, mangroves, and rocky intertidal zones are influenced by gradients in wave exposure and tidal exposure. Experiments by Joe Connell on barnacles in the rocky intertidal showed that distribution patterns are influenced by both abiotic factors like desiccation stress, and biotic interactions like competition. Mangroves have adaptations like aerial roots and pneumatophores that allow them to survive in intertidal soils with low oxygen and high salinity. They provide nurseries for fish and protect coastlines from storms.
Waves
Ocean waves are caused by wind and transfer energy through water, but do not transfer water from place to place. Key characteristics of waves include wavelength, amplitude, height, and period. Wave movement involves an orbital pattern, with energy moving through water in a circular motion. Near shore, waves begin to break as their movement becomes disrupted. Breaking waves can come crashing ashore. Some surfers seek out large storm waves for challenges they present. There is potential to harness wave power as an energy source.
Tides
Tides are caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun interacting with Earth's oceans, which creates two bulges of water that result in two high tides and two low tides each day. The changing positions and distances of the moon and sun relative to Earth cause variations in tide heights and times. Spring tides occur during new and full moons when the sun and moon are aligned, producing the highest tides, while neap tides happen when the sun and moon are at right angles, resulting in lower tides.
Dive Trip to Puerto Galera, Philippines
This document summarizes Dr. Mark McGinley's dive trip to Puerto Galera in Mindoro Island, Philippines from July/August 2012. It provides details of his international flights, transportation within the Philippines including ferries and jeepneys, and hotels and dive shops visited in Puerto Galera. The bulk of the document consists of photos from his dives which showcase the abundant marine life he encountered, including sea turtles, cuttlefish, seahorses, nudibranchs, and more. It also documents his boat ride to dive at Verde Island and dealing with a typhoon passing through during his trip.
Earth’s Atmosphere: A Basic Intro
The document summarizes key aspects of Earth's atmosphere. It describes that Earth's atmosphere is composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen. It also notes that the atmosphere becomes thinner with increasing altitude and discusses the layers of the atmosphere, including the troposphere where weather occurs. Additionally, it introduces atmospheric circulation patterns driven by uneven solar heating, including Hadley cells that transport energy from the equator to higher latitudes.
Oceans: A Brief Introduction
The document provides an overview of key facts about oceans:
- Oceans cover 70.8% of the Earth's surface and have an average depth of 4,000 meters. The deepest point is in the Marianas Trench at 11,000 meters.
- The Pacific Ocean is the largest, covering 30.5% of the Earth's surface. Other major oceans are the Atlantic, Indian, and Southern oceans.
- Water has unique properties like existing in solid, liquid, and gas forms and having high heat capacity, which influence Earth's climate and ability to support life.
- Ocean depths are divided into zones like the continental shelf, pelagic zone, and abyssal zone that have different environmental conditions
The Earth- A Very Basic Intro
The document provides a basic introduction to the Earth by discussing three key facts:
1) The Earth is the third planet from the Sun and is located in the solar system within the Milky Way galaxy.
2) Unlike a simple "rock," the Earth has an atmosphere, is over 70% covered in water, and has a molten interior, allowing life to exist.
3) Two factors that enable life on Earth are its rotation on an axis, which causes day/night cycles and seasons, and its orbit around the Sun, regulating temperatures.
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This document from Dr. Mark McGinley at Texas Tech University provides links to webpages on the Reef Guide website describing various species of parrotfish and wrasses found in the Caribbean, including the stoplight parrotfish, queen parrotfish, princess parrotfish, striped parrotfish, redband parrotfish, yellowtail parrotfish, greenblotch parrotfish, redtailed parrotfish, bluehead, yellowhead wrasse, slippery dick, puddingwife, and creole wrasse.
Mark A. McGinley curriculum vitae
Mark Alan McGinley is an Associate Professor at Texas Tech University. He received his Ph.D from the University of Utah in 1989. His professional experience includes positions at the University of Minnesota, Texas Tech University, and as a marine biology instructor in the British Virgin Islands. He has published over 30 articles in the Encyclopedia of Earth on topics related to marine biology.
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This document discusses sustainable use of tropical rainforests and issues related to human population growth and its impacts. It provides examples of how some indigenous tribes have lived sustainably in rainforests for thousands of years through small-scale shifting agriculture, forest product collection, and hunting. However, increasing human populations are putting more pressure on forests for resources. Strategies discussed to help address this include providing financial incentives for sustainable forest use and conservation. Certification programs like the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) aim to promote responsible forest management.
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Malaysian rainforests and indigenous peoples part 1
1. Dipterocarps are large trees that dominate the forests of Malaysia and surrounding regions.
2. Orang Asli are the indigenous peoples of Peninsular Malaysia comprising 18 tribes who traditionally practice animism.
3. While Orang Asli are classified as Bumiputras with certain rights, they experience high rates of poverty and many challenges with access to education, healthcare and land rights.
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History of east malaysia
The document provides a history of East Malaysia, focusing on the Sultanates of Brunei and Sulu that ruled over the region in the 15th-17th centuries. It then discusses the arrival of the British in Sarawak in 1838 and their establishment of the White Rajah dynasty to rule Sarawak. For North Borneo, it outlines the involvement of American and German traders in the 19th century and the founding of the British North Borneo Company. It concludes with Japan's occupation of both regions during World War II and their formation as the states of Sabah and Sarawak upon joining Malaysia in 1963.
Indigenous peoples of malaysia
This document provides an overview of the Indigenous peoples of Malaysia known as the Orang Asli. It describes the 3 main groups of Orang Asli - the Semang, Senoi, and Proto-Malay - and notes their different historical migrations and languages. The lifestyle and traditional livelihoods of the Orang Asli are discussed, including effects of British colonization, slavery, and the Malayan Emergency which led to policies of resettlement. Today, the Orang Asli population faces high rates of poverty and challenges to their land and cultural rights.
Cop 19
The document discusses the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It was created in 1992 at the Rio Earth Summit to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations and prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Nearly every country is party to the UNFCCC, which meets annually to assess climate change progress. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted under the UNFCCC in 1997 and established emissions reduction obligations for developed countries. The goal of the UNFCCC process is for universal participation to efficiently limit future global warming below 2.0°C through a new legally binding climate agreement.
Human population growth
This document discusses human population growth trends over time. It notes that the global human population reached 1 billion in 1830, 2 billion in 1930, 3 billion in 1960, 4 billion in 1975, 5 billion in 1987, 6 billion in 1999, and 7 billion in 2011. It also provides estimates of current birth and death rates worldwide. The document then discusses factors that have allowed unprecedented human population growth, such as advances in agriculture, medicine, and public health. It examines some potential problems associated with high population growth, especially in developing countries, including environmental degradation and resource scarcity. Finally, it outlines the demographic transition process and considers predictions for future global population size and stability.
Plate Tectonics II
The document discusses evidence for plate tectonics including measurements over 10 years showing the movement of tectonic plates and geological studies of ocean floor rocks. Volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis are linked to plate tectonic boundaries as plates diverge, converge, or a hot spot rises. Examples include the Hawaiian Islands formed by a hot spot and volcanoes and quakes at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Historic quakes like 1989 in San Francisco and tsunamis such as the 2004 Indian Ocean and 2011 Tohoku, Japan events are also summarized.
Plate Tectonics I
This document provides an overview of plate tectonics and the key individuals and discoveries that led to the development of the theory. It discusses Alfred Wegener's idea of continental drift in the early 20th century, which was initially rejected. It then covers the discoveries of the mid-ocean ridge system and magnetic striping of the ocean floor in the 1950s-60s, which provided evidence that the continents are moving and new crust is generated at ocean ridges through seafloor spreading. This led to the acceptance of plate tectonics as a scientific theory to explain geological phenomena.
How Old is Stuff?
The document discusses estimates of the age of the Earth and universe over time. Early estimates based on biblical interpretations placed the Earth's age at around 6000 years. The development of modern geology in the 18th century, led by James Hutton, established that geological processes occurred gradually over long periods, indicating a much older Earth. Radiometric dating techniques now provide precise measurements of billions of years for the Earth, meteorites, and universe based on the decay of radioactive isotopes.
The earth part ii
The document describes the layers that make up the Earth's interior. It discusses the core, mantle, crust, and lithosphere. The core is divided into a solid inner core and liquid outer core. The mantle is below the core and comprises most of the Earth's volume. It is divided into upper and lower mantle. The crust sits atop the mantle and exists in oceanic and continental forms. The lithosphere includes the crust and upper mantle. The document also provides background on the formation of the Earth and different types of rocks.
Coastal Ecosystems
Coastal ecosystems like estuaries, salt marshes, mangroves, and rocky intertidal zones are influenced by gradients in wave exposure and tidal exposure. Experiments by Joe Connell on barnacles in the rocky intertidal showed that distribution patterns are influenced by both abiotic factors like desiccation stress, and biotic interactions like competition. Mangroves have adaptations like aerial roots and pneumatophores that allow them to survive in intertidal soils with low oxygen and high salinity. They provide nurseries for fish and protect coastlines from storms.
Waves
Ocean waves are caused by wind and transfer energy through water, but do not transfer water from place to place. Key characteristics of waves include wavelength, amplitude, height, and period. Wave movement involves an orbital pattern, with energy moving through water in a circular motion. Near shore, waves begin to break as their movement becomes disrupted. Breaking waves can come crashing ashore. Some surfers seek out large storm waves for challenges they present. There is potential to harness wave power as an energy source.
Tides
Tides are caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun interacting with Earth's oceans, which creates two bulges of water that result in two high tides and two low tides each day. The changing positions and distances of the moon and sun relative to Earth cause variations in tide heights and times. Spring tides occur during new and full moons when the sun and moon are aligned, producing the highest tides, while neap tides happen when the sun and moon are at right angles, resulting in lower tides.
Dive Trip to Puerto Galera, Philippines
This document summarizes Dr. Mark McGinley's dive trip to Puerto Galera in Mindoro Island, Philippines from July/August 2012. It provides details of his international flights, transportation within the Philippines including ferries and jeepneys, and hotels and dive shops visited in Puerto Galera. The bulk of the document consists of photos from his dives which showcase the abundant marine life he encountered, including sea turtles, cuttlefish, seahorses, nudibranchs, and more. It also documents his boat ride to dive at Verde Island and dealing with a typhoon passing through during his trip.
Earth’s Atmosphere: A Basic Intro
The document summarizes key aspects of Earth's atmosphere. It describes that Earth's atmosphere is composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen. It also notes that the atmosphere becomes thinner with increasing altitude and discusses the layers of the atmosphere, including the troposphere where weather occurs. Additionally, it introduces atmospheric circulation patterns driven by uneven solar heating, including Hadley cells that transport energy from the equator to higher latitudes.
Oceans: A Brief Introduction
The document provides an overview of key facts about oceans:
- Oceans cover 70.8% of the Earth's surface and have an average depth of 4,000 meters. The deepest point is in the Marianas Trench at 11,000 meters.
- The Pacific Ocean is the largest, covering 30.5% of the Earth's surface. Other major oceans are the Atlantic, Indian, and Southern oceans.
- Water has unique properties like existing in solid, liquid, and gas forms and having high heat capacity, which influence Earth's climate and ability to support life.
- Ocean depths are divided into zones like the continental shelf, pelagic zone, and abyssal zone that have different environmental conditions
The Earth- A Very Basic Intro
The document provides a basic introduction to the Earth by discussing three key facts:
1) The Earth is the third planet from the Sun and is located in the solar system within the Milky Way galaxy.
2) Unlike a simple "rock," the Earth has an atmosphere, is over 70% covered in water, and has a molten interior, allowing life to exist.
3) Two factors that enable life on Earth are its rotation on an axis, which causes day/night cycles and seasons, and its orbit around the Sun, regulating temperatures.
Caribbean parrotfish and wrasses
This document from Dr. Mark McGinley at Texas Tech University provides links to webpages on the Reef Guide website describing various species of parrotfish and wrasses found in the Caribbean, including the stoplight parrotfish, queen parrotfish, princess parrotfish, striped parrotfish, redband parrotfish, yellowtail parrotfish, greenblotch parrotfish, redtailed parrotfish, bluehead, yellowhead wrasse, slippery dick, puddingwife, and creole wrasse.
Mark A. McGinley curriculum vitae
Mark Alan McGinley is an Associate Professor at Texas Tech University. He received his Ph.D from the University of Utah in 1989. His professional experience includes positions at the University of Minnesota, Texas Tech University, and as a marine biology instructor in the British Virgin Islands. He has published over 30 articles in the Encyclopedia of Earth on topics related to marine biology.
Sustainable use of tropical rainforests
This document discusses sustainable use of tropical rainforests and issues related to human population growth and its impacts. It provides examples of how some indigenous tribes have lived sustainably in rainforests for thousands of years through small-scale shifting agriculture, forest product collection, and hunting. However, increasing human populations are putting more pressure on forests for resources. Strategies discussed to help address this include providing financial incentives for sustainable forest use and conservation. Certification programs like the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) aim to promote responsible forest management.
Sustainable uses of tropical ecosystems ecotourism
Ecotourism has the potential to support wildlife conservation and local economies in the prairie region of the United States. The World Wildlife Fund is leading an effort to establish ecotourism in the Northern Great Plains based on successful conservation models in Namibia, Africa that have increased wildlife and economic benefits. Land managers and policy makers from the Great Plains will learn from the Namibian experiences to apply those principles to the development of ecotourism in the prairie landscape.
Malaysian rainforests and indigenous peoples part 1
1. Dipterocarps are large trees that dominate the forests of Malaysia and surrounding regions.
2. Orang Asli are the indigenous peoples of Peninsular Malaysia comprising 18 tribes who traditionally practice animism.
3. While Orang Asli are classified as Bumiputras with certain rights, they experience high rates of poverty and many challenges with access to education, healthcare and land rights.
More from Mark McGinley (20)
Sustainable uses of tropical ecosystems ecotourism
Sustainable uses of tropical ecosystems ecotourism
Malaysian rainforests and indigenous peoples part 1
Malaysian rainforests and indigenous peoples part 1
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with AI-powered low-code, presentation by George Aspiotis, Sr. Partner Development Manager, Microsoft
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
ここ3000字までしか入らないけどタイトルの方がたくさん文字入ると思います。
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Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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