Minicurso Ruby e Rails

Mini Curso Ruby e Rails 1

Objetivo 3

Agenda Ruby Rails JRuby JRubyOnRails GlassﬁshOnRails JBossOnRails 4

Ruby é... “Uma linguagem dinâmica, open source com foco na simplicidade e na produtividade.Tem uma sintaxe elegante de leitura natural e fácil escrita. http://www.ruby-lang.org/pt/ 5

Instalando Ruby (Ubuntu) $ sudo apt-get install ruby irb Lendo lista de pacotes... Pronto Construindo árvore de dependências Lendo estado da informação... Pronto Os pacotes extra a seguir serão instalados: irb1.8 libreadline-ruby1.8 libruby1.8 ruby1.8 Pacotes sugeridos: rdoc1.8 ri1.8 ruby1.8-examples Os NOVOS pacotes a seguir serão instalados: irb irb1.8 libreadline-ruby1.8 libruby1.8 ruby ruby1.8 0 pacotes atualizados, 6 pacotes novos instalados, (...) Instalando irb (4.1) ... Instalando ruby (4.1) ... Processing triggers for libc6 ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking $ 6

$ ruby -v ruby 1.8.6 (2007-09-24 patchlevel 111) [i486-linux] $ irb -v irb 0.9.5(05/04/13) Testando a instalação 7

Linguagem de Script como python, perl e bash $ ls Code Library Sentilla iLiberty+ Payloads workspace Desktop Music Snapshots liferay Documents Pictures TryLock.txt pgadmin.log $ echo "viva a bahia" viva a bahia $ i=$(date) Em BASH, os comandos $ echo $i podem ser executados no interpretador (prompt) e o Sat Mar 21 15:19:37 BRT 2009 resultado obtido imediatametne... $ 8

Linguagem de Script .sh $ cat teste.sh ls ... ou os comandos podem ser todos executados de echo "viva a bahia" uma só vez (bash script) i=$(date) echo $i $ bash teste.sh Code Library Sentilla iLiberty+ Payloads teste.sh Desktop Music Snapshots liferay Documents Pictures TryLock.txt pgadmin.log viva a bahia Sat Mar 21 15:25:07 BRT 2009 9 $

Interpretador Ruby irb $ irb irb(main):001:0> puts "viva a bahia" viva a bahia => nil irb(main):002:0> a = 9 => 9 Assim como no BASH, os comandos Ruby podem ser irb(main):003:0> puts a executados no interpretador (Ruby) e o resultado obtido 9 imediatametne... => nil irb(main):004:0> Time.now => Sat Mar 21 15:33:49 -0300 2009 10

Interpretador Ruby .rb $ cat teste.rb puts "viva a bahia" a = 9 ... ou os comandos podem puts a ser todos executados de puts Time.now uma só vez (script ruby) $ ruby teste.rb viva a bahia 9 Sat Mar 21 15:40:17 -0300 2009 11

Ruby é OO 12

POO grafo de dependências 13

classes objetos mensagens 14

Urso ze_colmeia:Urso raça:String raça = Grizzly cor:String cor = marrom grunir() grunir() hibernar() hibernar() classe objeto 15

Ruby é OO *tudo* é objeto $ irb irb(main):001:0> 1.class => Fixnum irb(main):002:0> "bahia".class => String irb(main):003:0> Time.class => Class 16

objetos têm métodos (classes também podem ter) irb(main):006:0> 1.class => Fixnum irb(main):007:0> 1.methods => ["%", "odd?", "inspect", "prec_i", "<<", "tap", "div", "&", "clone", ">>", "public_methods", "object_id", "__send__", "instance_variable_defined?", "equal?", "freeze", "to_sym", "*", "ord", "+", "extend", "next", "send", "round", "methods", "prec_f", "-", "even?", "singleton_method_added", "divmod", "hash", "/", "integer?", "downto", "dup", "to_enum", "instance_variables", "|", "eql?", "size", "instance_eval", "truncate", "~", "id", "to_i", "singleton_methods", "modulo", "taint", "zero?", "times", "instance_variable_get", "frozen?", "enum_for", "display", "instance_of?", "^", "method", "to_a", "+@", "-@", "quo", "instance_exec", "type", "**", "upto", "to_f", "<", "step", "protected_methods", "<=>", "between?", "==", "remainder", ">", "===", "to_int", "nonzero?", "pred", "instance_variable_set", "coerce", "respond_to?", "kind_of?", "floor", "succ", ">=", "prec", "to_s", "<=", "fdiv", "class", "private_methods", "=~", "tainted?", "__id__", "abs", "untaint", "nil?", "chr", "id2name", "is_a?", "ceil", "[]"] 17

métodos retornam outros objetos irb(main):008:0> 1.methods.class => Array irb(main):010:0> 1.methods.methods => ["find", "[]=", "inspect", "tap", "<<", "reject!", "flatten", "&", "clone", "push", "rindex", "take", "__send__", "object_id", "public_methods", "reject", "transpose", "instance_variable_defined?", "minmax", "choice", "freeze", "equal?", "indexes", "member?", "each", "delete", "*", "sort", "extend", "partition", "map!", "uniq", "each_cons", "+", "send", "any?", "each_with_index", "to_ary", "methods", "values_at", "-", "detect", "pack", "hash", "dup", "take_while", "join", "pop", "replace", "instance_variables", "to_enum", "reverse", "collect", "clear", "permutation", "slice!", "min_by", "|", "sort_by", "eql?", "indices", "size", "group_by", "enum_cons", "id", "instance_eval", "at", "one?", "enum_with_index", "flatten!", "singleton_methods", "find_index", "delete_at", "nitems", "taint", "empty?", "shift", "drop", "instance_variable_get", "enum_for", "map", "frozen?", "fill", "display", "instance_of?", "max_by", "uniq!", "combination", "method", "grep", "to_a", "first", "compact", "instance_exec", "type", "fetch", "none?", "reverse_each", "protected_methods", "find_all", "<=>", "delete_if", "==", "min", "reverse!", "insert", "===", "unshift", "drop_while", "instance_variable_set", "sort!", "assoc", "concat", "each_slice", "inject", "respond_to?", "kind_of?", "minmax_by", "product", "count", "to_s", "class", "shuffle!", "last", "index", "zip", "private_methods", "=~", "tainted?", "__id__", "select", "length", "max", "shuffle", "untaint", "nil?", "entries", "each_index", "cycle", "slice", "reduce", "collect!", "rassoc", "enum_slice", "include?", "is_a?", "[]", "all?", "compact!"] 18

objetos trocam mensagens entre si irb(main):011:0> 1 .methods.sort => ["%", "&", "*", "**", "+", "+@", "-", "-@", "/", "<", "<<", "<=", "<=>", "==", "===", "=~", ">", ">=", ">>", "[]", "^", "__id__", "__send__", "abs", "between?", "ceil", "chr", "class", "clone", "coerce", "display", "div", "divmod", "downto", "dup", "enum_for", "eql?", "equal?", "even?", "extend", "fdiv", "floor", "freeze", "frozen?", "hash", "id", "id2name", "inspect", "instance_eval", "instance_exec", "instance_of?", "instance_variable_defined?", "instance_variable_get", "instance_variable_set", "instance_variables", "integer?", "is_a?", "kind_of?", "method", "methods", "modulo", "next", "nil?", "nonzero?", "object_id", "odd?", "ord", "prec", "prec_f", "prec_i", "pred", "private_methods", "protected_methods", "public_methods", "quo", "remainder", "respond_to?", "round", "send", "singleton_method_added", "singleton_methods", "size", "step", "succ", "taint", "tainted?", "tap", "times", "to_a", "to_enum", "to_f", "to_i", "to_int", "to_s", "to_sym", "truncate", "type", "untaint", "upto", "zero?", "|", "~"] 19

então, tudo é objeto e troca de mensagem entre eles irb(main):034:0> 1+2 => 3 irb(main):035:0> 3*5 => 15 repare que +, -, *, / ... são métodos do objeto da classe Fixnum 20

classes também podem ter métodos irb(main):031:0> 1.class => Fixnum irb(main):032:0> 1.class.methods.sort => ["<", "<=", "<=>", "==", "===", "=~", ">", ">=", "__id__", "__send__", "allocate", "ancestors", "autoload", "autoload?", "class", "class_eval", "class_exec", "class_variable_defined?", "class_variables", "clone", "const_defined?", "const_get", "const_missing", "const_set", "constants", "display", "dup", "enum_for", "eql?", "equal?", "extend", "freeze", "frozen?", "hash", "id", "include?", "included_modules", "induced_from", "inspect", "instance_eval", "instance_exec", "instance_method", "instance_methods", "instance_of?", "instance_variable_defined?", "instance_variable_get", "instance_variable_set", "instance_variables", "is_a?", "kind_of?", "method", "method_defined?", "methods", "module_eval", "module_exec", "name", "nil?", "object_id", "private_class_method", "private_instance_methods", "private_method_defined?", "private_methods", "protected_instance_methods", "protected_method_defined?", "protected_methods", "public_class_method", "public_instance_methods", "public_method_defined?", "public_methods", "respond_to?", "send", "singleton_methods", "superclass", "taint", "tainted?", "tap", "to_a", "to_enum", "to_s", "type", "untaint"] 21

De onde vem isso? .class, .methods ? 22

Object 1 é Fixnum, que extende Integer, Numeric que extende Numeric, que extende Object. Integer irb(main):026:0> 1.class => Fixnum irb(main):027:0> 1.class.superclass Fixnum => Integer irb(main):028:0> 1.class.superclass.superclass => Numeric irb(main):029:0> 1.class.superclass.superclass.superclass => Object irb(main):030:0> 1.class.superclass.superclass.superclass.superclass => nil 23

Toda classe Ruby extende de Object Object ... Array Fixnum ... 24

todos os métodos da classe Object estão disponíveis em qualquer objeto Ruby irb(main):033:0> Object.methods.sort => ["<", "<=", "<=>", "==", "===", "=~", ">", ">=", "__id__", "__send__", "allocate", "ancestors", "autoload", "autoload?", "class", "class_eval", "class_exec", "class_variable_defined?", "class_variables", "clone", "const_defined?", "const_get", "const_missing", "const_set", "constants", "display", "dup", "enum_for", "eql?", "equal?", "extend", "freeze", "frozen?", "hash", "id", "include?", "included_modules", "inspect", "instance_eval", "instance_exec", "instance_method", "instance_methods", "instance_of?", "instance_variable_defined?", "instance_variable_get", "instance_variable_set", "instance_variables", "is_a?", "kind_of?", "method", "method_defined?", "methods", "module_eval", "module_exec", "name", "new", "nil?", "object_id", "private_class_method", "private_instance_methods", "private_method_defined?", "private_methods", "protected_instance_methods", "protected_method_defined?", "protected_methods", "public_class_method", "public_instance_methods", "public_method_defined?", "public_methods", "respond_to?", "send", "singleton_methods", "superclass", "taint", "tainted?", "tap", "to_a", "to_enum", "to_s", "type", "untaint"] 25

http://www.ruby-doc.org/ 26

@variable def while until Sintaxe Ruby for end class do < attr_accessor 27

Métodos def soma a, b a+b end puts soma 3, 4 28

Classe numero.rb class Numero # atributos # metodos end 29

Classe construtor class Numero def initialize v @valor = v end end irb(main):001:0> require 'numero' => true irb(main):002:0> n = Numero.new 1 => #<Numero:0x54ec0 @v=1> 30

Classe accessors class Numero def initialize v @valor = v end end irb(main):001:0> require 'numero' => true irb(main):002:0> n = Numero.new 1 => #<Numero:0x54e98 @valor=1> irb(main):003:0> n.valor NoMethodError: undefined method `valor' for #<Numero:0x54e98 @valor=1> from (irb):3 31

Classe accessors class Numero def initialize v @valor = v end attr_accessor :valor end irb(main):002:0> require 'numero' => true irb(main):003:0> n = Numero.new 1 => #<Numero:0x500a0 @valor=1> irb(main):004:0> n.valor => 1 32

Classe herança funcionario.rb pessoa.rb class Pessoa class Funcionario < Pessoa def initialize nome def initialize n, m @nome = nome super n end @matricula = m end attr_accessor :nome attr_accessor :matricula end end require 'pessoa' require 'funcionario' p = Pessoa.new 'Alexandre' puts "A pessoa #{p.nome} foi criada" f = Funcionario.new 'Ze', '1234' puts "O funcionario #{f.nome} de matricula #{f.matricula} foi criado" 33

Variáveis deﬁnição irb(main):001:0> a=1 => 1 irb(main):002:0> a = 1 => 1 irb(main):003:0> puts a 1 => nil irb(main):004:0> a.class => Fixnum irb(main):005:0> a = "Agilidade" => "Agilidade" irb(main):006:0> a.class => String irb(main):007:0> puts a Agilidade => nil 34

Variáveis escopo x variável local @x variável de instância @@x variável de classe $x variável global 35

Números irb(main):010:0> a = 1 => 1 irb(main):011:0> a.class => Fixnum irb(main):012:0> a = 1.0 => 1.0 irb(main):013:0> a.class => Float irb(main):014:0> a = 11111111111111111111111111111111 => 11111111111111111111111111111111 irb(main):015:0> a.class => Bignum 36

Booleans Possíveis valores if a a = true verdadeiro a = false falso a = “qqcoisa” verdadeiro a = nil falso a=0 verdadeiro a=1 verdadeiro 37

Strings “ ” vs ‘ ’ irb(main):001:0> a = "capoeira" => "capoeira" irb(main):002:0> a.class => String irb(main):003:0> a = 'capoeira' => "capoeira" irb(main):004:0> a.class => String irb(main):005:0> a = 'capoeiranbrasil' => "capoeiranbrasil" irb(main):006:0> puts a capoeiranbrasil => nil irb(main):007:0> a = "capoeiranbrasil" => "capoeiranbrasil" irb(main):008:0> puts a capoeira brasil => nil 38

Strings expansão de variáveis irb(main):009:0> b = "o valor de 'a' eh #{a}" => "o valor de 'a' eh capoeiranbrasil" 39

Strings múltiplas linhas irb(main):010:0> a = <<FIM irb(main):011:0" aqui comeca irb(main):012:0" um texto irb(main):013:0" multilinha irb(main):014:0" que so vai ter fim irb(main):015:0" quando eu escrever FIM irb(main):016:0" no inicio da linha irb(main):017:0" FIM => "aqui comecanum textonmultilinhanque so vai ter fim nquando eu escrever FIMnno inicio da linhan" irb(main):018:0> puts a aqui comeca um texto multilinha que so vai ter fim quando eu escrever FIM no inicio da linha => nil 40

CONSTANTES irb(main):019:0> CONSTANTE = "rubyonrails" => "rubyonrails" irb(main):020:0> CONSTANTE = "javaonrails" (irb):20: warning: already initialized constant CONSTANTE => "javaonrails" 41

Arrays irb(main):022:0> a = ['arroz', 'feijao', 'abobora'] => ["arroz", "feijao", "abobora"] irb(main):023:0> puts a arroz feijao abobora => nil irb(main):024:0> a.class => Array irb(main):025:0> a[0] => "arroz" irb(main):026:0> a[1] => "feijao" irb(main):027:0> a[2] => "abobora" irb(main):028:0> a[3] => nil 42

Arrays irb(main):029:0> a = Array.new => [] irb(main):030:0> a.length => 0 irb(main):031:0> a[1] = "couve" => "couve" irb(main):032:0> a[0] = "pe-de-porco" => "pe-de-porco" irb(main):033:0> puts a pe-de-porco couve => nil irb(main):034:0> a[2] = "mandioca" => "mandioca" irb(main):035:0> a => ["pe-de-porco", "couve", "mandioca"] 43

Arrays irb(main):038:0> puts a pe-de-porco couve mandioca => nil irb(main):039:0> puts a[0] pe-de-porco => nil irb(main):041:0> a.methods.sort => ["&", "*", "+", "-", "<<", "<=>", "==", "===", "=~", "[]", "[]=", "__id__", "__send__", "all?", "any?", "assoc", "at", "choice", "class", "clear", "clone", "collect", "collect!", "combination", "compact", "compact!", "concat", "count", "cycle", "delete", "delete_at", "delete_if", "detect", "display", "drop", "drop_while", "dup", "each", "each_cons", "each_index", "each_slice", "each_with_index", "empty?" (...) 44

Hash chave=valor irb(main):001:0> a = { 1 => "alexandre", 2 => "luciana" } => {1=>"alexandre", 2=>"luciana"} irb(main):002:0> a.class => Hash irb(main):003:0> a = { 1 => "alexandre", "b3" => 802148 } => {1=>"alexandre", "b3"=>802148} irb(main):004:0> a.class => Hash irb(main):005:0> a = Hash.new => {} irb(main):006:0> a[1] = "cavalo" => "cavalo" irb(main):007:0> a[2] = "leao" => "leao" irb(main):008:0> a.class => Hash 45

Blocos irb(main):001:0> a = [ "xp", "scrum", "lean" ] => ["xp", "scrum", "lean"] irb(main):002:0> a.each do |metodo| irb(main):003:1* puts metodo irb(main):004:1> end xp scrum lean => ["xp", "scrum", "lean"] 46

Closure irb(main):014:0> a = %w(huguinho zezinho luizinho) => ["huguinho", "zezinho", "luizinho"] irb(main):015:0> x = 1 => 1 irb(main):016:0> a.each_with_index do |elemento, indice| irb(main):017:1* puts "x=#{x} e indice=#{indice}" irb(main):018:1> x = x + indice irb(main):019:1> end x=1 e indice=0 x=1 e indice=1 x=2 e indice=2 => ["huguinho", "zezinho", "luizinho"] irb(main):020:0> x => 4 47

if puts "Digite um numero: " STDOUT.flush a = gets.chomp.to_i if a == 1 puts "voce digitou 'um'" elsif a == 2 puts "voce digitou 'dois'" else puts "voce digitou um valor desconhecido" end 48

case puts "Digite um numero: " STDOUT.flush a = gets.chomp.to_i case a when 1 puts "voce digitou 'um'" when 2 puts "voce digitou 'dois'" when 3..9 puts "voce digitou algo entre tres e nove" else puts "voce digitou um valor desconhecido" end 49

while cmd = "" while ! cmd.eql? "sair" puts "Digite um comando: " STDOUT.flush cmd = gets.chomp end puts "Voce saiu." 50

for for i in 1..10 puts i end 51

labs 1. Imprimir números de 1 a 20 2. Impirimir números ímpares de 1 a 20 3. Imprimir, em ordem invesa, números ímpares de 1 a 20 4. Calcular idade a partir da data de nascimento 52

Quer saber mais? • http://www.ruby-doc.org • http://www.ruby-lang.org/pt • http://www.rubyonbr.org • http://peepcode.com • http://www.rubylearning.com • http://www.rubyquiz.com • http://why.nomedojogo.com 53

Rails http://rubyonrails.org 54

Rails http://www.rubyonrails.pro.br 55

Instalando RubyGems $ sudo apt-get install rubygems Lendo lista de pacotes... Pronto Construindo árvore de dependências Lendo estado da informação... Pronto Os pacotes extra a seguir serão instalados: libgems-ruby1.8 libopenssl-ruby1.8 rdoc1.8 (...) Descompactando rubygems (de .../rubygems_0.9.4-4_all.deb) ... Instalando rdoc1.8 (1.8.6.111-2ubuntu1.2) ... Instalando libopenssl-ruby1.8 (1.8.6.111-2ubuntu1.2) ... Instalando libgems-ruby1.8 (0.9.4-4) ... Instalando rubygems (0.9.4-4) ... $ http://gems.rubyforge.org 57

$ sudo gem update --system Updating RubyGems... Attempting remote update of rubygems-update Successfully installed rubygems-update-1.3.1 Updating version of RubyGems to 1.3.1 Installing RubyGems 1.3.1 (...) RubyGems installed the following executables: /usr/bin/gem1.8 If `gem` was installed by a previous RubyGems installation, you may need to remove it by hand. RubyGems system software updated $ Certiﬁque-se de que a última versão do RubyGem foi instalada 58

$ sudo apt-get install sqlite3 Lendo lista de pacotes... Pronto Construindo árvore de dependências Lendo estado da informação... Pronto (..) Baixados 19,9kB em 0s (23,6kB/s) Selecionando pacote previamente não selecionado sqlite3. (Lendo banco de dados ... 167352 arquivos e diretórios atualmente instalados.) Descompactando sqlite3 (de .../sqlite3_3.4.2-2_i386.deb) ... Instalando sqlite3 (3.4.2-2) ... Instalando banco de dados sqlite 59

$ sudo apt-get install build-essential ruby1.8-dev libsqlite3-dev Lendo lista de pacotes... Pronto Construindo árvore de dependências Lendo estado da informação... Pronto (...) Descompactando build-essential (de .../build-essential_11.3ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Selecionando pacote previamente não selecionado libsqlite3-dev. Descompactando libsqlite3-dev (de .../libsqlite3-dev_3.4.2-2_i386.deb) ... Selecionando pacote previamente não selecionado ruby1.8-dev. Descompactando ruby1.8-dev (de .../ruby1.8-dev_1.8.6.111-2ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ... Instalando build-essential (11.3ubuntu1) ... Instalando libsqlite3-dev (3.4.2-2) ... Instalando ruby1.8-dev (1.8.6.111-2ubuntu1.2) ... Instalando dependências necessárias para o acesso ao banco via Ruby 60

$ sudo gem install sqlite3-ruby Building native extensions. This could take a while... Successfully installed sqlite3-ruby-1.2.4 1 gem installed Installing ri documentation for sqlite3-ruby-1.2.4... Installing RDoc documentation for sqlite3-ruby-1.2.4... Biblioteca do Ruby para acesso ao banco de dados sqlite 61

$ sudo gem install rails --version=2.2.2 Successfully installed activesupport-2.2.2 Successfully installed activerecord-2.2.2 Successfully installed actionpack-2.2.2 Successfully installed actionmailer-2.2.2 Successfully installed activeresource-2.2.2 Successfully installed rails-2.2.2 6 gems installed Installing ri documentation for activesupport-2.2.2... Installing ri documentation for activerecord-2.2.2... Installing ri documentation for actionpack-2.2.2... Installing ri documentation for actionmailer-2.2.2... Installing ri documentation for activeresource-2.2.2... Updating ri class cache with 2176 classes... Installing RDoc documentation for activesupport-2.2.2... Installing RDoc documentation for activerecord-2.2.2... Installing RDoc documentation for actionpack-2.2.2... Installing RDoc documentation for actionmailer-2.2.2... wInstalling RDoc documentation for activeresource-2.2.2... Instalando Rails 62

Caso o diretório de binários do RubyGem não tiver sido acrescentado ao PATH durante a instalação, faça-o manualmente. $ rails -v O programa 'rails' não está instalado atualmente. Você pode instalá- lo digitando: sudo apt-get install rails -bash: rails: comando não encontrado $ $ $ echo "export PATH=/var/lib/gems/1.8/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile $ . ~/.bash_profile $ $ rails -v Rails 2.2.2 Veriﬁcando instalação do Rails 63

$ rails inscricao_evento create create app/controllers create app/helpers create app/models create app/views/layouts create config/environments create config/initializers create config/locales create db create doc Text create lib (...) create public/javascripts/dragdrop.js create public/javascripts/controls.js create public/javascripts/application.js create doc/README_FOR_APP create log/server.log create log/production.log create log/development.log create log/test.log Criando app Rails 64

inscricao_evento $ script/server => Booting WEBrick... => Rails 2.2.2 application started on http://0.0.0.0:3000 => Ctrl-C to shutdown server; call with --help for options [2009-03-22 15:46:11] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1 [2009-03-22 15:46:11] INFO ruby 1.8.7 (2008-08-11) [powerpc-darwin8] [2009-03-22 15:46:11] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=2655 port=3000 Para testar a app, inicialize o servidor do Rails e acesse pelo browser... 65

Rails é MVC 66

MVC View Controller Model 67

MVC 68

MVC 69

Rails é MVC 70

Conceitos do Rails Scaffold Routes Model Tasks Controller Tests View Scripts Helpers Migration 71

Scaffold C.R.U.D 72

Scaffold Scaffolding is a meta-programming method of building database-backed software applications. It is a technique supported by some model-view-controller frameworks, in which the programmer may write a speciﬁcation that describes how the application database may be used.The compiler uses this speciﬁcation to generate code that the application can use to create, read, update and delete database entries, effectively treating the template as a "scaffold" on which to build a more powerful application. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaffold_(programming) 73

Cria cadastro básico (CRUD) para entidade ‘participante’ $ script/generate scaffold participante email:string nome:string exists app/models/ exists app/controllers/ exists app/helpers/ create app/views/participantes exists app/views/layouts/ exists test/functional/ (...) dependency model exists app/models/ exists test/unit/ exists test/fixtures/ create app/models/participante.rb create test/unit/participante_test.rb create test/fixtures/participantes.yml create db/migrate create db/migrate/20090318135212_create_participantes.rb 74

Scaffold estrutura de diretórios 75

$ rake db:create:all (in /home/sea/alegomes/sea/mkt/inscricao_evento) $ rake db:migrate (in /home/sea/alegomes/sea/mkt/inscricao_evento) == CreateParticipantes: migrating ============================================ -- create_table(:participantes) -> 0.0045s == CreateParticipantes: migrated (0.0050s) =================================== $ Cria estrutura do banco de dados 76

Cadastro de participantes pronto 77

Por debaixo dos panos... 78

Model app/models 79

Controller app/controllers O nome do Controller é usado para acessá-lo 80

Controller app/controllers 81

Controller app/controllers teste_controller.rb 82

View app/views index.html.erb 83

Helper app/helpers teste_helper.rb 84

Routes conﬁg/routes.rb HTTP Request Controller.action GET /participantes/alegomes ParticipantesController.show http://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html 85

Routes conﬁg/routes.rb 86

Routes conﬁg/routes.rb Verbo HTTP URL Controller Action Descrição GET /participantes Participantes index Lista todos os participantes Apresenta formulario para GET /participantes/new Participantes new novo cadastro POST /participantes Participantes create Cria um novo participante Apresenta um participante GET /participantes/1 Participantes show especíﬁco Apresenta formulário para edição GET /participantes/1/edit Participantes edit dos dados de um participante Atualiza os dados de um PUT /participantes/1 Participantes update participante Apaga o registro de um DELETE /participantes/1 Participantes destroy participante 87

http://betterexplained.com/articles/intermediate-rails-understanding-models-views-and-controllers/ 88

Tasks rake rake -T 89

Scripts app/script • about • dbconsole • generate • plugin • runner • console • destroy • performance • process • server 90

Tests http://guides.rubyonrails.org/testing.html 91

Tests tipos Unitários Funcionais Integração 92

Tests conceitos Fixtures Suites Assertions 93

Tests ﬁxtures test/ﬁxtures/participantes.yml 94

Tests unit test/unit/participante_test.rb 95

Tests unit rake test:units 96

Tests functional test/functional/participantes_controller_test.rb 97

Tests functional rake test:functionals 98

Tests integration rake test:integration test/integration/* 99

Migration 1.0 1.1 1.2 100

Migrations Código para evolução do banco Código para retrocesso do banco 101

Migrations rake db:migrate 102

Revisão Migration Helpers Model Routes Controller Tasks View Tests Scaffold 103

labs Criar aplicação Rails Explorar os arquivos gerados Criar Scaffold para alguma entidade Criar testes unitários Criar testes funcionais 104

Quer saber mais? • http://guides.rubyonrails.org • http://api.rubyonrails.org 105

JRuby “ JRuby is an 100% pure-Java implementation of the Ruby programming language. http://jruby.codehaus.org 106

JRuby “ O JRuby é a implementação 100% em puro Java da linguagem de programação Ruby. Ou seja, permite que você rode seus scripts Ruby na máquina virtual Java http://ruby-br.org/?p=179 107

Forma mais fácil de instalação $ sudo apt-get install jruby Lendo lista de pacotes... Pronto Construindo árvore de dependências Lendo estado da informação... Pronto (...) Baixados 3483kB em 10s (334kB/s) Selecionando pacote previamente não selecionado jruby1.0. (Lendo banco de dados ... 167406 arquivos e diretórios atualmente instalados.) Descompactando jruby1.0 (de .../jruby1.0_1.0.2-2_all.deb) ... Instalando jruby1.0 (1.0.2-2) ... $ jruby1.0 -v ruby 1.8.5 (2008-01-07 rev 4810) [i386-jruby1.0.2] Instalação e teste do JRuby http://wiki.jruby.org/wiki/Getting_Started#QuickStart_with_JRuby 108

$ apt-cache search jruby jruby0.9 - 100% pure-Java implementation of Ruby jruby1.0 - 100% pure-Java implementation of Ruby A última versão dos repositórios do Ubuntu é jruby1.0 (obsoleta) 109

$ wget -c http://dist.codehaus.org/jruby/1.1.6/jruby-bin-1.1.6.zip $ unzip jruby-bin-1.1.6.zip $ sudo mv jruby-1.1.6/ /opt $ echo "export PATH=/opt/jruby-1.1.6/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile $ . ~/.bash_profile $ jruby -v jruby 1.1.6 (ruby 1.8.6 patchlevel 114) (2008-12-17 rev 8388) [i386-java] Última versão instalada (jruby1.1.6) o/ http://wiki.jruby.org/wiki/Getting_Started#Installing_JRuby 110

$ jruby -S gem list *** LOCAL GEMS *** rake (0.8.3) rspec (1.1.11) sources (0.0.1) Teoricamente, tudo o que podia ser executado com ruby padrão (MRI)pode ser executado também com o jruby... 111

...inclusive, uma app Rails! inscricao_evento$ jruby script/server => Booting WEBrick => Rails 2.3.2 application starting on http://0.0.0.0:3000 JRuby limited openssl loaded. gem install jruby-openssl for full support. http://wiki.jruby.org/wiki/JRuby_Builtin_OpenSSL /opt/jruby-1.1.6/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-2.3.2/lib/ action_controller/middleware_stack.rb:84 warning: given block not used => Call with -d to detach => Ctrl-C to shutdown server [2009-03-19 10:19:21] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1 [2009-03-19 10:19:21] INFO ruby 1.8.6 (2008-12-17) [java] [2009-03-19 10:19:21] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=8699 port=3000 112

JRubyOnRails Rails sendo executado sobre ambiente JRuby. 113

jruby não encontrou a gem ‘sqlite3’ do banco [2009-03-21 07:18:36] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1 [2009-03-21 07:18:36] INFO ruby 1.8.6 (2009-03-13) [java] [2009-03-21 07:18:36] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=1010 port=3000 /! FAILSAFE /! Sat Mar 21 07:21:05 -0300 2009 Status: 500 Internal Server Error no such file to load -- sqlite3 114

$ jruby -S gem list *** LOCAL GEMS *** actionmailer (2.3.2, 2.2.2) actionpack (2.3.2, 2.2.2) activerecord (2.3.2, 2.2.2) activerecord-jdbc-adapter (0.9.1) activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter (0.9.1) activeresource (2.3.2, 2.2.2) activesupport (2.3.2, 2.2.2) jdbc-sqlite3 (3.6.3.054) rails (2.3.2, 2.2.2) rake (0.8.3) rspec (1.1.11) sources (0.0.1) Realmente, a gem do sqlite não é listada 115

! atenção às gems 116

$ jruby -S gem list $ gem list $ sudo gem list $ sudo jruby -S gem list *** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS *** actionmailer (2.3.2) actionmailer (2.2.2) actionmailer (2.2.2) actionmailer (2.3.2) actionpack (2.3.2) actionpack (2.2.2) actionpack (2.2.2) actionpack (2.3.2) activerecord (2.3.2) activerecord (2.2.2) activerecord (2.2.2) activerecord (2.3.2) activeresource (2.3.2) activeresource (2.2.2) activeresource (2.2.2) activeresource (2.3.2) activesupport (2.3.2) activesupport (2.2.2) activesupport (2.2.2) activesupport (2.3.2) rails (2.3.2) couchrest (0.12.4) couchrest (0.12.4) rails (2.3.2) rake (0.8.3) extlib (0.9.10) extlib (0.9.10) rake (0.8.3) rspec (1.1.11) json (1.1.3) json (1.1.3) rspec (1.1.11) sources (0.0.1) mime-types (1.16) mime-types (1.16) sources (0.0.1) mysql (2.7) mysql (2.7) rails (2.2.2) rails (2.2.2) rake (0.8.3) rake (0.8.3) rest-client (0.9) rest-client (0.9) rspec (1.2.0) rspec (1.2.0) rubygems-update (1.3.1) rubygems-update (1.3.1) sqlite3-ruby (1.2.4) sqlite3-ruby (1.2.4) No Mac, as gems do jruby são diferentes das gems do ruby 117

$ jruby -S gem list $ gem list $ sudo gem list $ sudo jruby -S gem list *** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS *** actionmailer (2.3.2) actionmailer (2.3.2) actionmailer (2.3.2) actionmailer (2.3.2) actionpack (2.3.2) actionpack (2.3.2) actionpack (2.3.2) actionpack (2.3.2) activerecord (2.3.2) activerecord (2.3.2) activerecord (2.3.2) activerecord (2.3.2) activeresource (2.3.2) activeresource (2.3.2) activeresource (2.3.2) activeresource (2.3.2) activesupport (2.3.2) activesupport (2.3.2) activesupport (2.3.2) activesupport (2.3.2) rails (2.3.2) rails (2.3.2) rails (2.3.2) rails (2.3.2) rake (0.8.3) rake (0.8.3) rake (0.8.4) rake (0.8.3) rspec (1.1.11) rspec (1.1.11) sqlite3-ruby (1.2.4) rspec (1.1.11) sources (0.0.1) sources (0.0.1) sources (0.0.1) No Linux, apenas o ‘sudo’ do ruby varia as gems 118

Caso o ambiente jruby não esteja com todos os pacotes instalados, instale-os $ jruby gem install sqlite3-ruby 119

Tentar instalar o sqlite3 no jruby pode dar problemas $ jruby gem install sqlite3-ruby JRuby limited openssl loaded. gem install jruby-openssl for full support. http://wiki.jruby.org/wiki/JRuby_Builtin_OpenSSL Building native extensions. This could take a while... /opt/jruby-1.1.6/lib/ruby/1.8/mkmf.rb:7: JRuby does not support native extensions. Check wiki.jruby.org for alternatives. (NotImplementedError) from /opt/jruby-1.1.6/lib/ruby/1.8/mkmf.rb:1:in `require' from extconf.rb:1 ERROR: Error installing sqlite3-ruby: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /opt/jruby-1.1.6/bin/jruby extconf.rb install sqlite3-ruby 120

Adaptador Java para o SQlite $ gem install activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter JRuby limited openssl loaded. gem install jruby-openssl for full support. http://wiki.jruby.org/wiki/JRuby_Builtin_OpenSSL Successfully installed activerecord-jdbc-adapter-0.9.1 Successfully installed jdbc-sqlite3-3.6.3.054 Successfully installed activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter-0.9.1 3 gems installed Installing ri documentation for activerecord-jdbc-adapter-0.9.1... Installing ri documentation for jdbc-sqlite3-3.6.3.054... Installing ri documentation for activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter-0.9.1... Installing RDoc documentation for activerecord-jdbc-adapter-0.9.1... Installing RDoc documentation for jdbc-sqlite3-3.6.3.054... Installing RDoc documentation for activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter-0.9.1... 121

inscricao_evento$ touch db/development.sqlite3 inscricao_evento$ vi config/database.yml development: adapter: sqlite3 database: db/development.sqlite3 pool: 5 timeout: 5000 development: adapter: jdbcsqlite3 database: db/development.sqlite3 pool: 5 timeout: 5000 122

o/ 123

labs 124

Deploy de aplicações Rails #railsescala? 125

Rails em Produção • CGI • FastCGI • Mongrel • mod_rails (Phusion Passenger) • JRuby 126

warbler 127

GlassﬁshOnRails “ GlassFish v2 and v3 support JRuby on Rails. The JRuby Wiki captures the latest info on JRuby on Rails support on GlassFish. https://glassﬁsh-scripting.dev.java.net/discover/ 129

GlassﬁshOnRails A forma mais fácil de se criar uma app Rails para o Glassﬁsh é através da IDE Netbeans. 130

Suporte a WAR... ...Warble requerido 137

Sem suporte a WAR... ...Warble opcional. 138

Cliue em ‘Finish’ e aguarde a criação do projeto 139

Execute a aplicação 141

Aproveitando... 143

Nome do model e seus atributos 144

Para saber mais... http://www.netbeans.org/download/ﬂash/jruby_on_rails/jruby_on_rails.html 148

JBossOnRails “ Thesis: Rails can run well on JBoss Ruby-on-Rails can run well on JBoss AS. Through the magic of the JRuby team and Nick Sieger's JRuby-Rack, running a vanilla Rails app in a servlet container works. http://oddthesis.org/theses/jboss-rails 149

jboss.org 151

Instead of building a Ruby Application Platform from the ground-up, TorqueBox leverages the existing ninja- grade functionality JBoss has been shipping for years in the JBoss Application Server. 154

http://torquebox.org/documentation/browse/1.0.0.Beta13/installation.html 156

http://torquebox.org/documentation/browse/1.0.0.Beta13/rails-support.html 157

Saiba mais! http://torquebox.org 158

Lab? 159

Últimas palavras... O mercado esta mudando, e ser monolinguístico não é mais vantagem... 160

Últimas palavras... Ruby é uma linguagem poderosa, elegante e divertida de se trabalhar. 161

Últimas palavras... Rails conseguiu responder à clemência por produtividade vinda da comunidade Java, com estilo e personalidade. 162

Últimas palavras... Ruby e Rails são tecnologias amicíssimas da escola ágil de desenvolvimento. 163

Últimas palavras... JRuby agrega todas as vantagens consagradas da plataforma Java à tecnologia Ruby/Rails. 164

Últimas palavras... A equação Ruby + Rails + Java pode colocar o Rails no mercado corporativo dominado pela cultura Java. 165

Últimas palavras... Isso deﬁnitivamente pode ser a próxima grande onda do mercado de desenvolvimento de software. 166

Últimas palavras... Fique atento.... ;-) 167

P&R blog.seatecnologia.com.br alexandre.gomes@seatecnologia.com.br twitter.com/alegomes

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Minicurso Ruby e Rails

by SEA Tecnologia on Mar 28, 2009

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