Python web frameworks

Python Web TechnologiesAn overview of the various Python web technologies

What Ill Go Over● Frameworks● Micro Frameworks● Templating languages● The state of Python 3 and the web● NOSQL

Frameworks Covered● Django● Pyramid● A brief mention of Pylons and Turbogears● Bluebream● web2py● Flask(micro-framework)● Bottle

A note about WSGI"WSGI is the Web Server Gateway Interface. It is aspecification for web servers and application servers tocommunicate with web applications (though it can also be usedfor more than that). It is a Python standard, described in detailin PEP 333." ● Provides a way for reusable web components to easily work together through this specification ● Also allows you to easily deploy web application that follow this standard(gunicorn, mod_wsgi, uWSGI, etc)

Django● "Full stack" framework● its own tightly integrated built-in ORM● built-in authentication strategy● nice, auto-"magic" backend● one monolithic package● no interaction really with other communities● great for CMS-like applications● URLs are generated from specifying regular expressions that map to python functions

Pyramid● database backend agnostic but has supporting packages for sqlalchemy, zodb, mongodb.● no authentication policy built-in but has supported add-ons● great authorization policy● small footprint, fast, well tested and very well documented● VERY pluggable framework● URL pattern can use traversal and routes● "no opinion"● add-ons can be described as "opinions" for the framework.● demonstrating "khufu" opinion(SQLAlchemy, Jinja2, traversal)● built using zope technologies with the idea of rewriting all the bad of zope

Turbogears and Pylons● "Full stack" frameworks● The pylons project has moved to using pyramid as its baseline.● turbogears and pylons already share a good deal● soo... Pyramid, Pylons and Turbogears pretty much share a lot of the core technologies and just have different opinions about what to do with them after that● Turbogears has the most "opinions"

Bluebream● entreprisey● component-driven, interfaces, adapters, etc● zodb● works with other database adapters(have sqlalchemy support)● pyramid is built off of a lot of these components● uses buildout● where zope is now today● big stack, lots of dependencies

web2py● FULL stack● built-in ORM● inspired by ruby on rails(so modules and method name map to urls)● admin interface with support of TTW development● coding by convention● not very pythonic● lots of "magic" going on

Flask● micro framework● no built-in ORM support● uses routes● very simple● fast development● not as robust tools

Bottle● Micro framework● 1 file for whole thing● not a very good built-in templating engine● no built-in ORM● initial look will seem a lot like flask

Python 3 and the web...Some blockers: ● Webob ● PIL

NOSQL notes(mongodb)● json-style storage● for massive "web scale"● sharding, replication, file storage● schemaless● http://www.mongodb.org/● mongokit - http://pypi.python.org/pypi/mongokit > j = { name : "mongo" }; {"name" : "mongo"} > t = { x : 3 }; { "x" : 3 } > db.things.save(j); > db.things.save(t); > db.things.find(); { "_id" : ObjectId ("4c2209f9f3924d31102bd84a"), "name" : "mongo" } { "_id" : ObjectId("4c2209fef3924d31102bd84b"), "x" : 3 }>

Questions...

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Python web frameworks

by NEWLUG on Oct 16, 2011

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