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Name_________________________________________________Date_________________
Imperialism- Chapter 7
-By the late 1800s, Americans began to set their sights on lands ______________. Before, the
concern was rebuilding the _________ and expanding in the ________.
-Before the U. S. even thought about expanding abroad, ____________ nations had already
begun the process.
-imperialism-
______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________
-Reasons for imperialism:
* the demand for ________ _____________________ for factories (raw materials came from a
variety of places)
* the desire to get around other countries’ ______________ (price each country paid to do
business on another country’s soil- most of the more industrialized nation looked for overseas
territories to keep from having to pay high tariffs)
*____________________ _________________________
-European countries began investing money in ___________ and ______________. Both had
an abundance of raw materials.
*To protect their investments, they began to establish __________________ and
_____________________ in these territories (basically gave them political and economic
control of these areas)—Remember to mention King Leopold and the Congo.
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-Americans began to take notice of this overseas expansion and wanted in on the action
(Remember Manifest Destiny from our chapter on the West- Manifest Destiny said that it is our
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“destiny” to conquer these lands or territories. Supporters of this theory believed that it was
what The ____________ intended for them to do).
-Americans began to use the whole “survival of the fittest” (Social Darwinism) theory to justify
their wanting to expand overseas.
-The idea of __________________________________ surfaced. Anglo- Saxonism said that only
English- speaking nations were superior in ______________________, _____________, and
systems of ________. Nations that didn’t fit this characteristic were believed to be
_____________________. Again, we used the Manifest Destiny theory….Americans said that it
was our “destiny” to bring civilization to these lesser nations.
-The desire to expand and the need to protect our overseas markets led to the cries for our
own _________________ __________. We realized that if we did acquire bases overseas we
couldn’t trust European nations to protect our interest.
AMERICAN EXPANSION IN THE PACIFIC
-American businesses had been trading in East Asia long before we actually began trying to
acquire territory.
-Americans were already trading with ___________, but we also wanted to trade with
_______________. The problem with that was….Japan didn’t want to trade with us. They only
allowed trade with the _____________________ and the ______________.
*They ____________ __________ the West- thought that trading with us would lead to their
destruction.
-U. S. Congress members were so upset by Japan’s not wanting to trade with us that they
pressured the president
_______________________________________________________________. Commodore
Matthew C. Perry was sent to Japan to see if he could “negotiate” a trade treaty.
*Commodore Perry took _____American warships to Japan- The Japanese were so impressed
by the __________________ and the _________________________ on the steamships that
they signed an agreement with us agreed to trade. The treaty also included a “truce” between
the two nations as well as a promise to
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
___
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-As a result of this trade, Japan built their own powerful Navy and began conquering territories
abroad (This is known as Japanese imperialism).
ANNEXING HAWAII
-This open trade in Asia brought on the need for ports to _____________ and ____________
(before they crossed the Pacific Ocean).
*Americans negotiated a deal and got permission to open a base in the Samoan Islands (in the
South Pacific), but they also had their sights set on ________________.
-American settlers had already found out that Hawaii’s climate and fertile soil was perfect for
growing ____________________. Businessmen from America jumped on this and began
establishing plantations there.
-When Hawaii’s economy hit a recession, Americans worried that they might have to seek help
from either the _____________ or the French, so we
_______________________________________________.
*The U. S. signed a treaty saying that Hawaii sugar would be
__________________________________________________. When the treaty expired, the U.
S. refused to renew it without Hawaii promising to give us exclusive rights to the
____________________________________________________.
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*The treaty benefitted both Hawaii and the U. S. Hawaii’s economy hit a boom and American
businessmen profited greatly from their sugar plantations there.
-Before long, American businessmen in Hawaii began putting pressure on the Hawaiian king to
________________________________________________________________________. Yes,
you read that right. At the same time, sugar planters in the U. S. began receiving
________________---these subsidies made Hawaiian sugar higher than sugar that was grown in
the U. S.
*The American businessmen in Hawaii began hatching a plan to make Hawaii an
_________________________________________.---this was the only way they saw increasing
their sales.
-When Queen Liliuokalani took the throne in Hawaii, she began trying to ________________
the businessmen’s influence—She distrusted them and saw their influence as detrimental to
the Hawaiian way of life.
*She tried to establish a new ____________________ giving her more power as ruler. The
American planters were so upset by this that they
__________________________________________________. Again, yes, you read that right.
*____________________ were called in and the Queen was
__________________________________________________. After she was thrown from the
throne, they set up __________ ______ government and began asking for the U. S. to
_________ Hawaii.
-Grover Cleveland was president at the time. He was against imperialism altogether and
definitely against what had just happened in Hawaii. He even tried to return the Queen to
power. The Senate knew that President Cleveland would never support annexing Hawaii, so
they ____________________________________________________________. Hawaii was
annexed __ years later.
Pan- Americanism
Assignment: Read the excerpt below from the article Many Thousands of Native Hawaiians
Sign a Protest to the United States Government Against AnnexationThe San Francisco Call and
respond to the following questions.
“The minister closed and a deep murmuring "Amen" from the people followed.
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I watched Mrs. Emma Nawahi as she arose to address the people. I have never heard two
women talk in public in quite the same way. Would this Hawaiian women be embarrassed or
timid, or self-conscious or assertive?
Not any of these. Her manner had the simple directness that made Charlotte Perkins Stetson,
two years ago, the most interesting speaker of the Women's congress. But Mrs. Stetson's pose
is the most artistic of poses - a pretense of simplicity. This Hawaiian woman's thoughts were of
her subjects, not of herself. There was an interesting impersonality about her delivery that kept
my eyes fastened upon her while the interpreter at my side whispered his translation in short,
detached phrases, hesitating now and then for a word, sometimes completing the thought with
a gesture."
"We are weak a people, we Hawaiians, and have no power unless we stand together." read
Mrs. Nawahi frequently raising her eyes from her paper and at times altogether forgetting it.
"The United States is just - a land of liberty. The people there are the friends - the great friends
of the weak. Let us tell them - let us show them that as they love their country and would suffer
much before giving it up, so do we love our country, our Hawai'i, and pray that they do not take
it from us.
"Our one hope is in standing firm - shoulder to shoulder, heart to heart. The voice of the people
is the voice of God. Surely that great country across the ocean must hear our cry. By uniting our
voices the sound will be carried on so they must hear us.
"In this petition, which we offer for your signature today, you, women of Hawai'i, have a chance
to speak your mind. The men's petition will be sent on by the men's club as soon as the loyal
men of Honolulu have signed it. There is nothing underhand, nothing deceitful in our way - our
only way - of fighting. Everybody will see and may know of our petition. We have nothing to
conceal. We have right on our side. This land is ours -- our Hawai'i. Say, shall we lose our
nationality? Shall we be annexed to the United States?”
1. By the tone of this speech, how do you think that most of the Hawaiians felt about
annexation?
2. What is the irony in the speaker’s calling America “the friend of the weak” (as it applies to
this particular situation)?
