2. OHM’S LAW
At constant temperature, the current flowing
through a conductor is directly proportional to
the potential difference across its ends.
If ‘I’ is the current flowing through a conductor
and ‘V’ is the potential difference across its
ends, then according to Ohm’s Law :
Ωα
3. ……………..
IαV
This can also be written as,
VαI
V= R x I
Where ‘R’ is a constant called ‘resistance’ of the
conductor. The value of this constant depends on
the nature, length, area of cross-section and
temperature of the conductor.
4. The above equation can also be written as:
V/I = R
where, V =potential difference
I = current
and R = resistance (which I a constant)
5. Resistance
The ratio of potential difference applied between the ends of a
conductor and the current flowing through it is constant quantity
called resistance.
i.
The current is directly proportional to potential difference, and
ii.
The current is inversely proportional to resistance
If the potential difference across the ends of a conductor is
doubled, the current flowing through it gets doubled, and if the
potential difference is halved, the current also gets halved.
If the resistance is doubled, the current gets halved, and if the
resistance is halved, the current gets doubled.
