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戰略思考術
大綱 達文西的組合構思術 狄波諾博士的六頂思考帽 福斯金龜車的構思訓練 TOYOTA的五個WHY 迪士尼的故事板法 金偉燦與莫伯尼的四項行動架構 杜拉克的創新發現術
達文西組合構思術
達文西組合構思術 重組既有要素,創造獨特點子
達文西在他筆記本中建議,為了讓想像中的動物看起來像是真的 ,可採取以下手法
達文西組合構思術-組合構思術步驟
達文西組合構思術-範例 日曆的概念構思
福斯金龜車的構思訓練
福斯金龜車的構思訓練 以美國DDB廣告公司(Doyle Dane Bernbach)製作福斯金龜車廣告的概念作為點子構思的方法。 1959年四月,美國福斯公司為了讓福斯Type-1,能在美國市場具市占率,邀請DDB為其製作廣告宣傳活動,以報紙與雜誌最主要媒體展開長達17年的廣告。(多達250~260份) -以不同的角度去聚焦,讓熟悉轉變成迴然不同。 -以一項素材的改變即可創造多樣化
福斯金龜車的構思訓練 縮小/放大 堆疊 排列 變透明 拆解 懸吊 浮在水上 解體 做成模型 清洗 打開 塗鴉 貼貼紙 弄髒 隱藏 以聚光燈照射
福斯金龜車的構思訓練
狄波諾博士的六頂思考帽
創新思維教學領域權威的愛德華‧狄波諾(Edward de Bono)發明了「六頂思考帽」,他發現許多人在思考的時候,往往會因為情緒、情感的催化而躊躇不定;也會因為自負、自以為是而忽略許多問題的面向。-六頂思考帽 (six thinking hats)的目的是將思考分解開來,那麼思考者就可以一次使用一種思考方式—而不是一次做許多事
六頂思考帽價值: 1.角色扮演:讓自我敢想敢說,而不用擔心會傷害自我。 2.引導注意力:六頂思考帽能夠將我們的注意力引導到事情的六個層面。 3.方便:象徵性的六頂思考帽提供一種非常方便的方法,讓你可以要求某人(包括你自己)變換狀況。 4.頭腦化學的可能基礎:不同的思維模式大腦將分泌不同的荷爾蒙。 5.遊戲規則的建立:任何參與這個遊戲的人,都必須了解它的規則。
使用目的: 1.簡化思考,讓思考者一次只做一件事。 2.它讓思考者可以自由變換思考類型。 3.通常在需要迅速有效的解決問題時使用這種方法。 4.規則的建立:任何參與這個遊戲的人,都必須了解它的規則。
方法步驟: 1.清楚界定議題與議程、設定時限。 2.由藍帽子或白帽子帶起討論。 3.白、黃或黑帽子的論點必須有理據支持。 4.黃帽先行於黑帽,先說喜,後論憂,往往得出更具質量的結論。 5.當綠色點子太多時,先戴上紅帽子思考,除去部分不合理及不可行的方案,再以黃帽子及黑帽子作正式評估。 6.可按會議議程及性質的需要選取適用的帽子,6頂帽子不一定要全部用上,思考帽的簡略搭配可用於不同的目的。例如: 6.1黃色/黑色/紅色:就某一個想法迅速作出評價。6.2白色/綠色:想出一個主意來。6.3黑色/綠色:改進已有的想法。6.4藍色/綠色:總結並且詳細地說明另外的一些作法。6.5藍色/黃色:看看所進行的思考有無益處。 7.討論時可加入適量分析。 
九、範例說明:如何有效提高Monitor銷售量? 因金融海嘯襲捲全球,造成奇X公司銷售量遽減,老闆要求各部門討論對策以提高銷售量。奇X公司業務人員載起「白帽子」(數據及事實),列出公司每月Monitor銷售量:一月份下滑5%、二月份下滑10%,三月份下滑15%....「藍帽子」了解問題後,邀請與會者提出改善建議,這時全體人員一同戴上「綠帽子」(創意及革新)。在自由發表意見時間中,甲提議:重新設計產品外型刺激消費。乙建議:降價促銷。丙提議:新增產品功能或規格,走高級路線。丁建議:降低產品規格,走平民路線。戊發表:……。經過10分鐘後,各人都提出了自己的立場和意見。「藍帽子」便請各人戴上「紅帽子」(直覺及情感) ,刪去不合理及不可行建議,結果大家否決了甲、乙與其他的建議。接著「藍帽子」又請各人戴上「黃帽子」(正面及樂觀),討論餘下方案的好處;甲說:「提高產品規格可以增進公司研發能力,並對外宣示公司有優良的研發團隊」乙說:「只有最基本功能,可以降低開發時間,在最短的時間上市銷售」丙說:「只有最基本功能單價低,可以讓很多人消費得起」。討論10分鐘後,「藍帽子」請大家戴上「黑帽子」(陰沈及負面),想想這等措施的缺點及風險,丁指出:提高產品規格所需的研發經費較高且時間較長,且有開發失敗的風險;戊:高性能、高單價產品銷售量不大,無法明顯提高銷售量;己:基本功能產品利潤低。又過了10分鐘,討論完畢,「藍帽子」總結:「增加Monitor銷售量方案有二」:「新增產品功能,銷往先進國家」、「Cost Down版本,銷往開發中國家」由於決定牽涉研發經費與開發時程,故「藍帽子」請總經理裁決。
THANKYOU~~

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七種戰略思考術

Editor's Notes

  1. 從達文西筆記本裡的奇怪頭顱和諷刺畫可看出,他將不同五官組合成各式各樣的臉孔。一開始先列出臉部特徵(頭、眼睛、鼻子等),接著在每種特徵下方列出各式各樣的變化。他會將各種變化混合搭配,畫出面目一新又稀奇古怪的人形。
  2. 獵犬的頭、眼睛用貓眼、耳朵要向像豪豬、鼻子像靈騠、眉毛像獅子、兩鬢像老雞、脖子像龜->多樣式組合