key research challenges in cloud computing

3rd EU-Japan Symposium on Future Internet and New Generation Networks Tampere, Finland October 20th, 2010 Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing Ignacio M. Llorente Head of DSA Research Group Project co-Lead and Director Universidad Complutense de Madrid OpenNebula Open-source Cloud Community Acknowledgments Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC-BY-SA) 1/17

A Model for Delivering IT Capabilities as a Service What Who Software On-demand End-user as a Service access to any (does not care about hw or sw) application Platform Platform for Developer as a Service building and (no managing of the delivering web underlying hw & swlayers) applications Infrastructure Raw computer System Administrator ﾺ as a Service infrastructure (complete management of the computer infrastructure) Physical Infrastructure Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 2/17

Cloud Deployments Public Cloud   Simple Web Interface   Pay-as-you-go (On-demand access) Private Cloud   Elastic & “infinite” Capacity A “Public Cloud behind the firewall”   Simplify internal operations   Dynamic allocation of resources   Higher utilization & operational savings   Security concerns Hybrid Cloud •  Supplement the capacity of the Private Cloud •  Utility Computing dream made a reality! Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 3/17

Cloud Computing as an Enabler for the Internet of Services SaaS PaaS and IaaS •  Software applications are available as a •  The tools to develop applications and the service in the Internet infrastructure are available as a service Service Service User Provider Service Cluster Front-ends Computing VM eGov Service Platforms VM Web Multimedia VM Cloud Computing as an Enabler •  Reduce infrastructure management complexity •  Pay-per-use (utility) models •  Automatic scalability •  Reduce development time •  Cloudbursting •  Speed-up time-to-market of services •  Reduce infrastructure costs Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 4/17

Open Research Issues PaaS Cloud Management Cloud Interoperability Cloud-enabled Applications and Platforms Cloud Aggregation IaaS Cloud Management Cloud Enablement Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 5/17

Platform Management Challenges in delivering middleware capabilities for building, deploying, integrating and managing applications in a multi-tenant, elastic and scalable environment •  Scalability and multi-tenancy of application containers •  Placement optimization algorithms of containers in resources Service Consumer Application Instances SaaS Application Containers PaaS Resources IaaS Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 6/17

Cloud-enabled Applications and Platforms Challenges in building cloud-enabled applications and platforms to take advantage of the scalability, agility and reliability of the cloud •  Elastic and scalable applications and frameworks on very large-scale environments •  Self-scaling, self-awareness, self-knowledge, and self-management capabilities of services •  Novel applications of cloud computing •  Power-efficient applications and platforms Load Balancer App App Server Server App Server Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 7/17

Cloud Aggregation Research challenges in the aggregation of resources from diverse cloud providers adding additional layers of service management •  Novel architectural models for aggregation of cloud providers •  Brokering algorithms for high availability, performance, proximity, legal domains, price, or energy efficiency •  Sharing of resources between cloud providers •  Networking in the deployment of services across multiple cloud providers •  SLA negotiation and management between cloud providers •  Additional privacy, security and trust management layers atop providers •  Support of context-aware applications •  Automatic management of service elasticity Cloud Aggregation Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 8/17

Cloud Management Research challenges in delivering infrastructure resources on-demand in a multi-tenant, secure, elastic and scalable environment •  Scalable management of network, computing and storage capacity •  Scalable orchestration of virtualized resources and data •  Placement optimization algorithms for energy efficiency, load balancing, high availability and QoS •  Accounting, billing, monitoring and pricing models •  Security, privacy and trust issues in the cloud •  Energy efficiency models, metrics and tools at system and datacenter levels Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 9/17

Cloud Enablement Research challenges in enhancing platform infrastructure to support cloud management requirements •  Technologies for virtualization of infrastructure resources •  Virtualization of high performance infrastructure components •  Autonomic and intelligent management of resources •  Implications of Cloud paradigm on networking and storage systems •  Support for vertical elasticity •  Provision of service related metrics Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 10/17

Cloud Interoperability Challenges to ensure that the available cloud services can work together and interoperate successfully. •  Common and standard interfaces for cloud computing •  Portability of virtual appliances across diverse clouds providers Public Cloud Cloud Management Private Cloud Hybrid Cloud Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 11/17

Ongoing Research Projects CumuloNimbo PaaS Cloud Management Cloud Interoperability Cloud-enabled Applications and Platforms Cloud Aggregation IaaS Cloud Management Vision Cloud Cloud Enablement Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 12/17

Non-Technical Challenges to Boost Adoption Boost Adoption of Cloud Technologies Technology Usability Cultural Gap Gap Gap •  Research Initiatives •  Standards •  Educate users •  Promote OSS •  Interoperability •  Provide exp. testbeds •  Focused Innovation •  Legalistic issues, trust and security Main Areas for EU-Japan Collaboration Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 13/17

Building an Open Cloud Ecosystem Openness Adaptability •  Open architectures •  Modular architectures •  Open interfaces •  Open code Key Principles to Maximize Value Standardization Re-use •  Use standards •  Re-use existing open-source components •  Implement standards •  Contribute to existing communitties Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 14/17

The OpenNebula Case Flagship International Project in Cloud Computing Result of many years of research and development in efficient and scalable management of virtual machines on large-scale distributed infrastructures. Open-source Toolkit Open platform for innovation to research the challenges that arise in cloud management, and production-ready tool in both academia and industry •  Started in 2005, first release in march 2008 •  Open-source released under Apache v2.0, packaged for main Linux distributions •  Mailing lists for best-effort support and open development framework •  Development and roadmap definition driven by the community and projects •  Active and engaged open community and ecosystem •  > 3,000 downloads/month (not including code repository and Ubuntu) Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 15/17

Reference Open Source Stack for Cloud Computing Open Source Community •  Open architecture and interfaces •  Open code •  Open community and ecosystem •  Very liberal license Avoid Software Fragmentation Adopt Standards Re-use sw Components Wide Adoption •  Tool for innovation •  Build a commercial service •  Build a commercial product Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 16/17

References, Questions and Comments Reports •  The Future of Cloud Computing. Opportunities for European Cloud Computing Beyond 2010, Expert Group Report (http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/ict /ssai/docs/cloud-report-final.pdf) Research References •  B. Rochwerger, J. Caceres, R.S. Montero, D. Breitgand, E. Elmroth, A. Galis, E. Levy,I.M. Llorente, K. Nagin, Y. Wolfsthal, “The RESERVOIR Model and Architecture for Open Federated Cloud Computing”, IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 53, No. 4. (2009) •  B. Sotomayor, R. S. Montero, I. M. Llorente and I. Foster, “Virtual Infrastructure Management in Private and Hybrid Clouds”, IEEE Internet Computing, September/ October 2009 (vol. 13 no. 5) •  Rafael Moreno-Vozmediano, Ruben S. Montero, Ignacio M. Llorente, “Multi-Cloud Deployment of Computing Clusters for Loosely-Coupled MTC Applications”, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, in press Key Research Challenges in Cloud Computing 17/17

key research challenges in cloud computing

by Ignacio M. Llorente

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