1) The document discusses the story of "Amina Arraf", a blogger who claimed to be a Syrian lesbian living in Damascus but was later revealed to be a hoax.
2) An American woman named Amanda McClure was uncovered as the person behind the fake "Amina" online persona, having stolen photos and crafted an elaborate fictional backstory.
3) The hoax highlighted issues of online identity deception and had negative impacts in the LGBT community in the Middle East, where actual Syrian bloggers went quiet after the hoax was exposed.
8. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Timeline
2011
June
6
Amina
abducted
Feb
Amina
blog
begins
April
My father
the hero
9. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Suspicion
No word from family
No one has met her
No confirmation of Amina’s existence in the U.S.
No reason for the cousin to lie
10. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
The story unfolds
11. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
The story within the story
Amanda Lynn McClure
Pattern recognition
12. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Digression!
Plain Layne,“bisexual info-waif”, 2003
13. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Layne = Odin
Also,Acanit fromThe Sex
Pistols Are Alive and Well and
Living in Sohatsenango,
Iranian-American-Kenyan TV
journalist blogger and impish
bisexual, 2000-2001
The Plain Layne Hoax
14. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
SXSWi talk on “fictional bloggers” and hoaxes
2007
15. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Back to Amina!
Mutability of the story
Her identity is the story
16. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
No, really,Amina WHO?
17. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Amina’s girlfriend
(Amina’s *Internet* girlfriend)
18. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Timeline
2011
June
6
Amina
abducted
Feb
Amina
blog
begins
April
My father
the hero
June
7
* State Dept.
inquiry
* acarvin’s
question
* Sanda Bagaria
comes forward
* I post doubts
19. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Guilt (mine)
21. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Text
I declare my skepticism
22. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Boom!
The Internet explodes. Into my inbox.
23. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Amina is popular and cute!
24. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
But wait, those photos are stolen
from a woman in London named Jelena
25. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Timeline
2011
June
6
Amina
abducted
Feb
Amina
blog
begins
April
My father
the hero
June
7
* State Dept.
inquiry
* acarvin’s
question
* Sanda Bagaria
comes forward
* I post doubts
June
8
* Jelena photos
* AmyYoung
emails
* Amanda
McClure
* Email lists
* Electronic
Intifada
*Everyone’s
brain explodes!
May
Amina goes
into hiding
Sandra
Bagaria calls
Amina’s
phone
26. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Emails from Amy
27. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Mutant Teenage Lesbian Turtles
28. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
IRC Married!
29. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Amina on mailing lists
30. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Sockpuppet techniques
Argue with yourself
And agree with yourself!
Either way, you become more important.
31. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Suspect #1:Who talks with Amina?
32. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Role playing gamer!
33. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Scott’s Xmas card
34. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Timeline
2011
Amina’s Gay Girl
in Damascus
blog starts
20102009200820072006
Jennnifer
Cheyenne
“dies”
20052004
AmyLynn/
Cheyenne/
Andrea/
brother
drama
Amina
talks about
her
imaginary
life as
Amanda
Lynn
McClure
Amina
begins
posting to
alternate-
history list
Jasmine
from
Pakistan
blogs and
comments
Paula
Brooks
emails,
chats with
Amina
Amina
stops
posting
in alt-
history
Various
activists
Facebook-
friend
Amina
Amina
posts on
queer-jihad
35. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Internet Sleuths Gather
And a bunch of
Actual Lesbian
Bloggers who shall
remain nameless
Ben
Ali
Andy
Esther
36. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
The Amina Entity
Amina2007
Amina2011
threefoldamina
aminaarraf
Rania Ismail
Amanda
Lynn(e)
McClure
(Davis)
Jennifer Cheyenne Williams (Davis)
Kimberly Dakota (Davis)
Andrea
(Brittney
Williams)
Bi/Lesbian, bad poetry,
endless drama,
multilingual,
multiple ethnicities
jasmine from
pakistan
Andrea’s
brother
littleamylynn
37. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Amy, the Unreliable Narrator
38. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Theories within theories
Nested stories
Long hypothetical narratives presented as lightly
fictionalized dialogues
43. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
LezGetReal:A Gay Girl’sView on the World
44. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Amina is Tom MacMaster
45. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
And maybe his wife Britta Froelicher, post doc in Syrian
Studies, too
(but probably not, given all the soft
core porn Amina wrote)
46. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
A Terrible Phone Call
47. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Paula Brooks quoted extensively in WaPo
Has Amina’s IP number
Deaf lesbian surfer, mom of twins, 3rd grade teacher
Meanwhile, Paula *who*?
48. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Queen of the Surf Pirates
Sammy the surf dog, Lots of horrible poetry
about surfing, twin babies, local politics
49. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
The Lesbiatopia drama
Paula writes to:
Renee
Heather
LesbianMommy
LezziMom
GeekPornGirl
CJ
Every other
lesbian blogger
around
50. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Who is real in LezGetReal
Investigating the other associates
Linda
Bridgette
Melanie
They all speak to Paula only
over IM, email, or through her
dad “Bill” (The Major)
51. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Timeline
2011
Amina’s Gay Girl
in Damascus
blog starts
20102009200820072006
Jennnifer
Cheyenne
“dies”
20052004
AmyLynn/
Cheyenne/
Andrea/
brother
drama
Amina
talks about
her
imaginary
life as
Amanda
Lynn
McClure
Amina
begins
posting to
alternate-
history list
Jasmine
from
Pakistan
blog
Paula
Brooks
emails,
chats with
Amina
Amina
stops
posting
in alt-
history
Various
activists
Facebook-
friend
Amina
Paula writes
for
Lesbiatopia,
emails
every
internet
lesbian ever
gives birth
to twins
LezGetReal
splits from
Lesbiatopia
Paula
starts
Queen of
the Surf
Pirates
Paula’s wife
Debbie dies
from breast
cancer
Paula
moves to
DC
Tom
MacMaster
posts to
alternate-
history list
52. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Paula Brooks is Bill Graber from Ohio
53. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
The Internet Explodes Again
54. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Fallout
Fauxpologies
Justifications - hoaxes brought
attention to “the issues”
Syrian bloggers, news sources went quiet for weeks
GLBT activists in Mid East had to question their
own security, who knew who in person
55. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Why did we listen to Amina?
58. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
Bad Allies
When someone says they’re speaking for the voiceless,
I reach for my gun
59. Fake Lesbians All the Way Down The Story 2012 - Liz Henry
This is why marginalized people lose their histories
They’re drowned out by the fake stories
Our real stories are too dangerous to tell in public
so the false stories, so much more palatable, trump them
Our histories are often preserved in baroque eddies,
backwaters, hidden pockets, obscure corners
We are struggling to preserve complexity
so that difficult stories stay alive