The ILC Africa Scorecard Initiative

THE ILC AFRICA
SCORECARD INITIATIVE

Presented by : Eng. Patrick NSABIMANA
ALPFG Technical consultant

Scorecard initiative
 Responding to the commitments made by the
AU Head of States in the Declaration on Land
Policy Framework and Guidelines (LPFG), ILC
Scorecard is developed to support the
implementation of F&G, through monitoring the
set Indicators


 The F&G Scorecard is a tool initiated by the
International Land Coalition (ILC) in Africa
Region, and is led by Rwanda Initiative for
Sustainable Development (RISD).


 F&G Scorecard – which is in its piloting stage -
presents a good strategy for strengthening the
partnership between government and Civil
Society, which is critically important towards the
success of the F&G.


 The F&G Scorecard process seek to give voice to
different viewpoints leading to effective advocacy
through stimulating constructive dialogue and policy
debate
 Scoring is based on a wide range of
evidence(Government & Research Institutions & CS)
including quantitative data if available, desk review and
analysis (e.g. of laws, policies, implementation
framework).

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hy
 The F&G suggests that land policy
development should not be dissociated from
the implementation
 F&G considers highly important progress
tracking in land policy development and
implementation as it gives African governments
the opportunity to learn from past successes
as well as failures, and to make timely re-

W the Scorecard! …..
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 Consequently, the F&G calls for the
development of a set of benchmarks (Chap.6),
targets and indicators to assist African
countries assess over time, progress (or lack of
it) in the implementation of the F&G ie. national
land policy processes.

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 The F&G Scorecard specifically addresses the
need to a set of baseline indicators which are
adaptable to local context, with no comparison
between countries
 The Scorecard puts emphasis on sharing lessons
learned from different countries on implementation
process with particular attention on: pro-poor;
centrality of land in economic development; and
protection of women land rights; legal framework

hy
 Information generated through the ILC Africa
Scorecard will be shared through a website,
which will be accessible to other stakeholders
in particular the LPI who will use the
information as a key source of the LPI
performance tracking reports as a contribution
to the lessons learnt.

hy

 The Scorecard system is using indicators
(country specific) to track the performance of
43 dimensions grouped in the 7 Thematic
areas.

7 Thematic Area for the Scorecard

 The land policy development process
 The land policy implementation process
 Appropriate institutional framework
 Adequate resource allocation (financial, human,
technical)
 Legal framework
 Strengthening the tenure security of women
 Centrality of land in the development process

Scoring design
Rating option
Dimension Indicator score#1 score#2 score#3 score#4

A Catego ries o f stakeho lders with defined ro les written in o fficial No ro les defined CSO ro les defined CSO & indigineo us CSO, indigeno us institutio ns
do cuments fo r the purpo se o f land po licy develo pment pro cess institutio ns ro les and land using public ro les
defined defined
B Representatio n o f indigeno us institutio ns at relevant admistrative levels No representatio n Lo cal level Regio nal level Natio nal level
during land po licy develo pment
C Catego ries o f stakeho lders sharing discussio n papers with Land P o licy Go vernment Go vernment & Do no rs Go vernment, Do no rs Go vernment, Do no rs, CSOs
drafting team & CSOs & Indigeno us Organizatio ns

D Number o f dialo gue fo rums between Go vernement and CSOs o n land 1meeting 2 meetings 3 meetings M o re than 3 meetings
issues during land po licy develo pment

SCORING CRITERIA
1. Score #1 : 0% to 25% progress towards target or output. Target/output is unlikely to be achieved. Target/output needs concerted effort to be

achieved within the stipulated timeframe.

2. Score #2: 25% to 50% progress towards achieving target or output. Some achievements have been registered and reinforcement of actions will

lead to achievement of the target/output

3. Score #3: 50% to 75% of progress towards achieving target. The target is very close to achievement and requires only minor efforts.

4. Score #4 : More than 90% of progress towards achieving target. The target has either been met entirely or is very close to achievement and

requires only minor efforts

Thematic Area 1: The land policy development
process
 Dimension 1: Clarification of the roles of different
stakeholders in the land policy development process,
such as indigenous institutions, civil society and the
land using public. (ALPFG 4.5.1)
 Dimension 2: Recognition of the role of indigenous
institutions, whilst seeking to ensure equality of access
and representation (ALPFG 4.5.2)

Thematic Area 1….
 Dimension 3: Stakeholder consultation and
identification of salient problems in the land sector
(ALPFG 4.5.3)
 Dimension 4: Engagement with civil society
organizations during the process (ALPFG 4.5.4)
 Dimension 5: Appraisal of institutional and
financial/budgetary options (ALPFG 4.5.7)

INDICATORS for Thematic Area 1
score#1 score#2 score#3 score#4
Indicator

Categories of stakeholders with defined roles written in official No roles defined CSO roles defined CSO & indigineo us CSO, indigenous institutions
do cuments for the purpose o f land policy develo pment process institutions ro les and land using public roles
defined defined
Representation of indigeno us institutions at relevant admistrative levels No representation Local level Regio nal level National level
during land policy development
Categories of stakeholders sharing discussion papers with Land Policy Government Government & Donors Government, Dono rs Government, Donors, CSOs
drafting team & CSOs & Indigenous Organizations

Number of dialogue forums between Go vernement and CSOs on land 1meeting 2 meetings 3 meetings M o re than 3 meetings
issues during land po licy development

Thematic Area 2: land policy
implementation process
 Dimension 9: Existence of realistic and achievable
implementation strategies (ALPFG 5.3.2)
 Dimension 10: Existence of an action plan (ALPFG
5.3.3)
 Dimension 11: Rationalization of institutional
responsibilities for implementation ( APFG 5.3.3 para 2)
 Dimension 12: Mobilization of political commitment
(ALPFG 5.3.4)

Thematic Area 2….
 Dimension 13: Continuous engagement with the public through
decentralized structures (ALPFG 5.3.5)
 Dimension 14: Existence of legislative land policy components
(ALPFG 5.3.6)
 Dimension 15: Domestication of relevant regional and international
commitments through legislation (ALPFG 5.3.7)
 Dimension 16: Response to new arising challenges (ALPFG 5.3.8)
 Dimension 17: Monitoring and evaluation of the impacts of the
various components of land policy (ALPFG 5.4)

Indicator score#1 score#2 score#3 score#4
Co mprehensiveness o f the land po licy implementatio n plan Checklist o f activities Checklist o f activities Checklist o f activities Checklist o f activities
with co ncrete with co ncrete with co ncrete timeframe,
timeframe timeframe and financial and reso urce
financial planning planning (human and
technical)
Timeframe fo r planning o f financial and techno lo gical needs, capacity No timeframe Lo ng term planning Lo ng term and Lo ng term, medium term
building and mo bilizatio n o f reso urces medium term planning and sho rt term planning
P ercentage o f Land P o licy Implementatio n reso urces raised lo cally M o re than 1 o f to tal B etween 5% and 1
0% 0% B etween 1 and 4% o f
% Less than 1 o f to tal
%
implementatio n o f o f to tal to tal implementatio n implementatio n reso urces
reso urces implementatio n reso urces
reso urces
Co st o f land registratio n M o re than 1 o f
0% B etween 5% and 1 0% B etween 1 and 4% o f
% Less than 1 o f mean
%
mean mo nthly rural o f mean mo nthly rural mean mo nthly rural mo nthly rural inco me
inco me inco me inco me
Existance o f a specialized institutio n respo nsible fo r Land Po licy M inistry o f lo cal M inistry o f lands A uto no mo us Presidency
implementatio n go vernance institutio ns
Level at which decisio ns related to land refo rm implementatio n are Natio nal level Regio nal level Lo cal level Village level
effected
M echanisms to implement land po licy strategic plans No existing Enactment o f new laws Enactment o f new laws Enactment o f new laws,
mechanisms and revisio n/amendment o f
revisio n/amendment existing laws and re-/design
o f existing laws o f institutio ns
Level o f do mesticatio n o f regio nal and internatio nal co mmitments Co nstitutio n Organic law Natio nal P o licy Natio nal regulatio ns

Number o f meetings per year between stakeho lders reviewing po licies 0 meeting 1meeting 2 meetings 3 meetings
impementatio n pro cess
Number o f land po licy develo pment and implementatio n co mpo nents 1to 2 co mpo nents 3 to 4 co mpo nents 5 to 6 co mpo nents 7 co mpo nents
tracked (please see the co mment)

Thematic Area 3: Appropriate
institutional framework
ALPFG 3.1.2

 Dimension 18: Decentralization
 Dimension 19: Transparency
 Dimension 20: Inclusiveness


Presence of institutions in charge of land related issues at National level Regional level Local level Village level
adiminstrative levels
Ratio of land corruptio n cases reported compared to o verall corruption M ore than 50% Between 31% and 50% Between 10% and 30% Less than 10%
cases
Percentage of land disputes resolved in a timely manner by community Less than 10% Between 10% and 30% Between 31% and 50% M ore than 50%
institutions

Thematic Area 4: Adequate resource
allocation

 Dimension 21: % GDP devoted to land policy
development/implementation.
 Dimension 22: Adequacy of budget to particular
national needs. (ALPFG 4.4.4)

Thematic Area 4….

 Dimension 23: Origin of funds (donor-driven, or
backed by domestic funds implying commitment
and sustainability). (ALPFG 4.4.4 para 2)
 Dimension 24: Existence of actions to ensure that human
resources are adequate to the reform process (capacity
building). (ALPFG 4.4.5)

Percentage of National budget allocated to land sector Less than 1% Between 1% and 3% Between 4% and 6% M ore than 6%

Percentage of land policy needs covered by the National budget Less than 5% Between 5% and 10% Between 11% and 16% M ore than 16%

Percentage composition of donor funds in national lands budget M ore than 6% Between 4% and 6% Between 3% and 1% Less than 1%

Percentage of land budget allocated to capacity building of staff dealing Less than 1% Between 2% and 5% Between 6% and 9% M ore than 9%
with land

Thematic Area 5: Legal framework
 Dimension 25: Equal distribution and effective
management of land. (ALPFG 3.2.1)
 Dimension 26: Redistribution of land to those in need.
(ALPFG 3.2.2)
 Dimension 27: Improved access to land resources
(ALPFG 3.2.3)
 Dimension 28: Existence of land related services
(ALPFG 3.3.3)

Percentage of persons owning land that is bigger than the average land size. 30% between 29% and 20% Between 19% and 10% Below 10%

Percentage of land redistributed to vulnerable groups. Less than 1% Between 1% and 10% Between 11% and 20% M ore than 20%

Percentage of landless/homeless/squatting households M ore than 20% Between 11% and 20% Between 10% and 1% Less than 1%

Existance of formal mechanisms land management and land administration Nonexistence of Formal mechanisms Formal mechanisms Laws on formal mechanisms
formal mechanisms are mentioned in policy are mentioned in laws are applied in reality
papers

Thematic Area 6: Strengthening the tenure
security of women
 Dimension 29: Documented claims to land within and
outside marriage
 Dimension 30: Equal rights for women to inherit land
 Dimension 31: Co-ownership of registered land by
spouses
 Dimension 32: Promotion of women’s participation in
land administration structures
 Dimension 33: Shift from seeing the land rights of women
as a private, family issue, to seeing them as a public,

Thematic Area 6…..
 Dimension 34: Land registration data disaggregated on a gender
basis.
 Dimension 35: Existence of legal provisions to allow land ownership
by women in the law of marriage, inheritance.
 Dimension 36: Existence of national advocacy programmes to
discourage the discrimination of women ownership on land.
 Dimension 37: Proportion of land disputes involved women recorded
 Dimension 38: Existence of Affirmative action to encourage women
land ownership including allocation, purchase and professionalism

Thematic area 6….

 Dimension 39: Legal provisions for spouse consent
during the alienation of land
 Dimension 40: Protection of women land rights in
situations where there is a presumed marriage or no
legal marriage

P ercentage o f land disputes invo lving wo men M o re than 50% B etween 31 and 50%
% B etween 1 and 30%
0% Less than 10%

P ro po rtio n o f wo men with do cumented land rights Less than 1% B etween 1 and 1
% 0% B etween 1 % and 20%
1 M o re than 20%

P ercentage o f parcels legally co -o wned by spo uses Less than 1% B etween 1 and 1
% 0% B etween 1 % and 20%
1 M o re than 20%

P ercentage o f female staff in land administratio n institutio ns Less than 10% B etween 1 and 20%
0% B etween 21 and 30%
% M o re than 30%

Number o f awareness public campaigns o n wo men's land rights Less than 2 B etween 2 and 4 B etween 5 and 7 M o re than 7
per year
Co nsideratio n o f gender within o fficial data No - - Yes

A ckno wledgment o f wo men's individual land rights in the laws No ackno wledgment Wo men's land rights Wo men's land rights A ckno wledgment o f
ackno wledged in land ackno wledged wo men's land rights due to a
po licy witho ut legal seco ndary in o ther specific law
implicatio ns laws

Thematic Area 7: Centrality of land in the
development process
ALPFG 3.1

 Dimension 41: the importance given to land in the
national constitution;
 Dimension 42: The importance given to land in the
national vision documents;
 Dimension 43: The importance given to land in the
PRSPs

Number of articles related to land in the national constitution 1article 2 articles 3 articles M ore than 3 articles

Degree of reflection of land in the national vision documents Not mentioned M entioned secondary M entioned as a M entioned as a specific
specific chapter national land vision
Degree of reflection of land in the PRSPs Not mentioned M entioned secondary M entioned as a sub- M entioned as a specific
chapter chapter

Pilot Countries for Scorecard
 The Scorecard has 6 pilot countries to be
implemented in two phases
 Phase 1: Rwanda, Kenya, Benin
 Phase 2: Malawi, Madagascar, South Africa

BENIN…..
ASPECTS SCORE NOTES
The land Policy development  Representation of indigenous institutions at relevant administrative levels during land policy development need to be at all level
process now they are represented at local level
81.3 %  The country need to increase the number of forums between Government and CSOs on land issues during land policy development

The Land Policy implementation  The country need to increase locally the Percentage of Land Policy Implementation resources from the current percentage (4%)
Process to more than 10%
 Decrease considerably the cost of land registration which is currently at 140% of the monthly GDP
77.8 %
 Decisions related to land reform implementation are currently effected at local level, the country need to decentralize it at
village level

Appropriate institutional  Institutions in charge of land related issues must be decentralized at village level
50%
framework  The country need to reduce land corruption cases and resolve all reported cases in a timely manner.
Adequate resource allocation  Percentage of National budget allocated to land sector must be more than 6% , the current figure is about 3%
(financial, human, technical)  Percentage of land policy needs covered by the National budget is still very low and need to be increased
25 %  For the sustainability purpose the percentage composition of donor funds in national lands budget need to decrease from 60%
to less than 10%.
 land budget allocated to capacity building of staff dealing with land need to be increased up to 15%
Legal framework  To reach the land access to all, the country must increase the Percentage of land redistributed to vulnerable groups. And reduce
56.3 % the percentage of landless/homeless/squatting households
 The country need also design formal mechanisms of land management and administration
Strengthening the tenure security  There is a need to increase the Proportion of women with documented land rights and the percentage of land registration co
of women owned by the two spouses
60.7 %
 The country need also to increase the number of female personnel in land management institutions .

Centrality of land in the  This has been emphasized in all development process but there is a need to emphasize it more in the national constitution
75 %
development process

KENYA ……
ASPECTS SCORE NOTES
The land Policy development  The land development process has took into consideration all ALPFG recommendations on land policy development
100.0
process
75.0  Decisions related to land reform implementation are currently effected at local level, the country need to decentralize it at
village level

Appropriate institutional  The country must put in place Institutions in charge of land related issues at all administrative levels
25.0
framework  The country need to reduce land corruption cases
31.3  For the sustainability purpose the percentage composition of donor funds in national lands budget need to decrease from 60%
to less than 10%.
56.3 the percentage of landless/homeless/squatting households
 The country need also design formal mechanisms of land management and administration
Strengthening the tenure security  There is a need to increase the Proportion of women with documented land rights and the percentage of land registration co
of women 89.3 owned by the two spouses

75.0
development process

RWANDA …….
ASPECTS SCORE NOTES
The land Policy development  Representation of indigenous institutions at relevant administrative levels during land policy development need to be at all level
process now they are represented at local level
 Indigenous institutions must be represented under Categories of stakeholders sharing discussion papers with Land Policy
68.8 % drafting team
 The country need to increase the number of forums between Government and CSOs on land issues during land policy development

80.6%  Decisions related to land reform implementation are currently effected at local level, the country need to decentralize it at
village level

Appropriate institutional  Institutions in charge of land related issues must be decentralized at village level
75%
framework  The country need to reduce land corruption cases
43.8 %  For the sustainability purpose the percentage composition of donor funds in national lands budget need to decrease from 60%
to less than 10%.
87.5 %
the percentage of landless/homeless/squatting households
Strengthening the tenure security  Public awareness campaigns targeting women's land rights need to increase and the country must set up new strategies to
85.7 %
of women reduce land disputes involving women
83.3 %
development process

What has been done
 Identification of Technical Staff
 Development of the User Guide
 Development of the System (Indicators, linking Dimensions,
Website)
 Identification of the national team and focal persons in pilot
countries
 Adaptation of indicators country specific
 Training of the Country Team
 Data Gathering

What to be done till December 15 2012

 Continue data gathering
 Launch of the Scorecard Website
 Hosting options of the hosting the Scorecard
Website (Independent, RISD)
 Final reports for 2012 to be published on the
web and shared with LPI and other
stakeholders

Scorecard in 2013 - 2015

 National workshops to launch Scorecard in 3 PC
(Rwanda, Benin, Kenya)
 Training and adaptation of indicators in the 3
other pilot countries ( Madagascar, Malawi and
SA)
 Produce reports two times in a year
 Add three more countries each year
 Increase interactive tools on the scorecard

The ILC Africa Scorecard Initiative

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