Symfony2 and Doctrine2 Integration

Symfony and Doctrine What’s new in the Symfony and Doctrine Integration Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Updated DoctrineBundle • Doctrine2 features fully integrated – Database Abstraction Layer – Object Relational Mapper Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

DoctrineMongoDBBundle • MongoDB Object Document Mapper – Transparent persistence to MongoDB – Same architecture as ORM – Map a class as an entity and document Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

DoctrineMigrationsBundle • Integration with the database migrations project. • Easily manage and deploy different versions of your database. • Generate migrations when you change your schema mapping information Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

DBAL • To use just the DBAL you must conﬁgure it: doctrine.dbal: dbname: Symfony user: root password: ~ Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

DBAL • If you need to specify multiple connections you can use the following syntax: doctrine.dbal: default_connection: default connections: default: driver: PDOSqlite dbname: Symfony user: root password: null host: localhost port: ~ path: %kernel.data_dir%/symfony.sqlite event_manager_class: DoctrineCommonEventManager configuration_class: DoctrineDBALConfiguration wrapper_class: ~ options: [] Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

DBAL Console Commands • Create all configured databases $ php console doctrine:database:create • Create a specific database $ php console doctrine:database:create --connection=default • Drop all configured databases $ php console doctrine:database:drop • Drop a specific database $ php console doctrine:database:drop --connection=default Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

DBAL Console Commands • Execute SQL queries $ php console doctrine:query:sql “SELECT * FROM user” • Specify connection $ php console doctrine:query:sql “...” --connection=default Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

DBAL • Get the default conﬁgured database connection: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function indexAction() { $conn = $this->getDatabaseConnection(); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

DBAL • Get a conﬁgured database connection service by its name: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function indexAction() { $conn = $this->getDatabaseConnection('default'); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • The EntityManager • Central place for persisting and retrieving entities • Multiple instances allowed • One EntityManager per database connection $config = new DoctrineORMConfiguration(); $config->setMetadataCacheImpl(new DoctrineCommonCacheArrayCache); $driverImpl = $config->newDefaultAnnotationDriver(array(__DIR__."/Entities")); $config->setMetadataDriverImpl($driverImpl); $config->setProxyDir(__DIR__ . '/Proxies'); $config->setProxyNamespace('Proxies'); $connectionOptions = array( 'driver' => 'pdo_sqlite', 'path' => 'database.sqlite' ); $em = DoctrineORMEntityManager::create($connectionOptions, $config); • Dependency Injection handles the creation and management of entity manager services Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • What is an Entity? It is a regular PHP object that has been mapped to the Doctrine2 ORM: /** @Entity */ class User { /** * @Id @Column(type="integer") * @GeneratedValue */ private $id; /** @Column(type="string", length=255) */ private $name; public function getId() { return $this->id; } public function getName() { return $this->name; } public function setName($name) { $this->name = $name; } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • No more magic in your domain • Clean and testable • Fast! • Only limited by what you can do with PHP OO to design your domain • Inheritance • Use __construct() without any problems • Entities are persisted transparently by the EntityManager Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • Conﬁgure an entity manager to start using the ORM: doctrine.orm: default_entity_manager: default cache_driver: apc # array, apc, memcache, xcache entity_managers: default: connection: default Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • Console commands implemented for improved developer workﬂow: Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • Console commands implemented for improved developer workflow: • Ensure production settings • Clear metadata, query and result cache • Load data fixtures • Create and drop configured databases • Generate entities from mapping information • Generate new skeleton entities • Generate skeleton entity repository classes • Convert mapping information between formats • Convert a Doctrine1 schema • Import mapping information from an existing database • Execute DQL and SQL queries • Create, drop and update database schema from mapping information Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • Get the default conﬁgured entity manager service: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function indexAction() { $em = $this->getEntityManager(); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • Get a conﬁgured entity manager service by its name: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function indexAction() { $em = $this->getEntityManager('default'); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • Persisting entities is as simple as creating the object and telling Doctrine to persist it: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function createAction() { $em = $this->getEntityManager(); $user = new User(); $user->setName('Jonathan H. Wage'); $em->persist($user); $em->flush(); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • Creating Query instances and issue DQL queries to retrieve objects: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function indexAction() { $em = $this->getEntityManager(); $query = $em->createQuery('select u from MyBundle:User u'); $users = $query->execute(); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • Creating QueryBuilder instances to programatically build DQL queries through a ﬂuent interface: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function indexAction() { $em = $this->getEntityManager(); $qb = $em->createQueryBuilder() ->select('u') ->from('MyBundle:User', 'u'); $query = $qb->getQuery(); $users = $query->execute(); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • Update your database schema during development as your domain model evolves • Add a new column to our User entity /** @Entity */ class User { // ... /** @Column(type="string", length=255) */ private $email; } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

ORM • Run update command to update your database schema from mapping information $ php console doctrine:schema:update • The above compares your current database schema to your new mapping information and executes the necessary queries to bring your database up-to-date. Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Object Document Mapper • New Doctrine Project for persisting objects to MongoDB • Same architecture as ORM • Transparently persist PHP5 objects to MongoDB Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • The DocumentManager • Central place for persisting and retrieving documents • Multiple instances allowed $config = new Configuration(); $config->setProxyDir(__DIR__ . '/Proxies'); $config->setProxyNamespace('Proxies'); $config->setDefaultDB('doctrine_odm_sandbox'); $reader = new AnnotationReader(); $reader->setDefaultAnnotationNamespace('DoctrineODMMongoDBMapping'); $config->setMetadataDriverImpl(new AnnotationDriver($reader, __DIR__ . '/Documents')); $dm = DocumentManager::create(new Mongo(), $config); • Dependency Injection handles the creation and management of document manager services Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • To use the MongoDB ODM you must conﬁgure it: doctrine_odm.mongodb: default_document_manager: default cache_driver: array document_managers: default: connection: mongodb connections: mongodb: server: localhost/somedatabase Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • If the defaults are good enough for you then you can omit all the previous options: doctrine_odm.mongodb: ~ Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • What is a Document? It is a regular PHP object that has been mapped to the MongoDB ODM: /** @Document */ class User { /** * @Id */ private $id; /** @String */ private $name; public function getId() { return $this->id; } public function getName() { return $this->name; } public function setName($name) { $this->name = $name; } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Get the default conﬁgured document manager: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function indexAction() { $dm = $this->getDocumentManager(); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Get a conﬁgured document manager by its name: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function indexAction() { $dm = $this->getDocumentManager('default'); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Just like the ORM persisting documents is easy: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function createAction() { $dm = $this->getDocumentManager(); $user = new User(); $user->setName('Jonathan H. Wage'); $dm->persist($user); $dm->flush(); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Change tracking – All objects are tracked in an identity map – Changesets are calculated on ﬂush – Changesets are used to perform updates using the atomic operators • The following code results in an efficient mongo update with only the properties that need updated: Array ( $user->setName('new name'); -> [$set] => Array ( $dm->flush(); [name] => new name ) ) Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Traditional MongoDB ﬁnd() and ﬁndOne() $users = $dm->find('User', $criteria); $query = $dm->findOne('User', array('username' => 'jwage') ); $user = $query->getSingleResult(); Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Query API for building MongoDB queries through a ﬂuent OO interface: class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function indexAction() { $dm = $this->getDocumentManager(); $query = $dm->createQuery('MyBundle:User'); $users = $query->execute(); // ... } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Using Query builder API class MyController extends DoctrineController { public function indexAction() { $dm = $this->getDocumentManager(); $query = $dm->createQuery('User') ->where('username', 'jwage'); $user = $query->getSingleResult(); // ... } } • where(), whereIn(), whereMod(), whereNot(), etc. Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Fluent Query interface generates and executes find() and findOne() methods internally • Query information is collected via fluent oo interface and executed later Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Document Query Language (DQL) – SQL like grammar for querying MongoDB • Query types supported – Find – Insert – Update – Remove Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Find query $query = $dm->query('find all User'); $users = $query->execute(); Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Selecting ﬁelds $query = $dm->query('find username, password User'); Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • $slice operator for paging embedded collections $query = $dm->query('find comments skip 20 limit 10 Post'); Array ( [comments] => Array ( [$slice] => Array ( [0] => 20 [1] => 10 ) ) ) Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Use atomic operators $query = $dm->query("update User set password = 'changeme' where username = 'jwage'"); Array ( [$set] => Array ( [password] => changeme ) ) Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Complex update $query = $dm->query("update User inc count = 1, inc views = 2, set username = 'jwage'"); Array ( [$inc] => Array ( [count] => 1 [views] => 2 ) [$set] => Array ( [username] => jwage ) ) Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

MongoDB ODM • Document Query Language (DQL) – atomic operators – skip and limit main results – skip and limit embedded documents – use dot notation for querying embedded documents – embed JSON values in your DQL syntax $query = $dm->query("update User pushAll groups = '[1, 2, 3]'"); Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • New DoctrineMigrationsBundle contains integration with the Doctrine Database Migrations project • Migrations have been completely re-written from Doctrine1 and are an extension of the database abstraction layer http://www.doctrine-project.org/projects/migrations Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • Migration classes: class Version20100416130401 extends AbstractMigration { public function up(Schema $schema) { } public function down(Schema $schema) { } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • Manually execute SQL for migrations: class Version20100416130422 extends AbstractMigration { public function up(Schema $schema) { $this->_addSql('CREATE TABLE addresses (id INT NOT NULL, street VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY(id)) ENGINE = InnoDB'); } public function down(Schema $schema) { $this->_addSql('DROP TABLE addresses'); } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • Use API of Schema objects to perform migration: class Version20100416130401 extends AbstractMigration { public function up(Schema $schema) { $table = $schema->createTable('users'); $table->addColumn('username', 'string'); $table->addColumn('password', 'string'); } public function down(Schema $schema) { $schema->dropTable('users'); } } Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • Check migrations status: $ ./doctrine migrations:status == Configuration >> Name: Doctrine Sandbox Migrations >> Configuration Source: /Users/jwage/Sites/doctrine2git/tools/sandbox/migrations.xml >> Version Table Name: doctrine_migration_versions >> Migrations Namespace: DoctrineMigrations >> Migrations Directory: /Users/jwage/Sites/doctrine2git/tools/sandbox/DoctrineMigrations >> Current Version: 2010-04-16 13:04:22 (20100416130422) >> Latest Version: 2010-04-16 13:04:22 (20100416130422) >> Executed Migrations: 0 >> Available Migrations: 1 >> New Migrations: 1 == Migration Versions >> 2010-04-16 13:04:01 (20100416130401) not migrated Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • Execute migration dry runs: $ ./doctrine migrations:migrate --dry-run Are you sure you wish to continue? y Executing dry run of migration up to 20100416130452 from 0 >> migrating 20100416130452 -> CREATE TABLE users (username VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL) ENGINE = InnoDB • Omit --dry-run to execute migration. Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • Specify a version number to revert to or 0 to revert all migrations: $ ./doctrine migrations:migrate 0 Are you sure you wish to continue? y Migrating down to 0 from 20100416130401 -- reverting 20100416130401 -> DROP TABLE users -- reverted Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • Write migration SQL ﬁle instead of executing: $ ./doctrine migrations:migrate --write-sql Executing dry run of migration up to 20100416130401 from 0 >> migrating 20100416130401 -> CREATE TABLE users (username VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL) ENGINE = InnoDB Writing migration file to "/path/to/sandbox/doctrine_migration_20100416130405.sql" • It would produce a ﬁle like: # Doctrine Migration File Generated on 2010-04-16 13:04:05 # Migrating from 0 to 20100416130422 # Version 20100416130401 CREATE TABLE users (username VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL) ENGINE = InnoDB; Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • Integration with ORM for generating migrations when you change your mapping information. Add a new property to your Entity: /** @Entity @Table(name="users") */ class User { /** * @var string $test */ private $test; // ... } • Run the migrations diff command: $ ./doctrine migrations:diff Generated new migration class to "/path/to/migrations/DoctrineMigrations/Version20100416130459.php" from schema differences. Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • The generated migration class looks like: class Version20100416130459 extends AbstractMigration { public function up(Schema $schema) { $this->_addSql('ALTER TABLE users ADD test VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL'); } public function down(Schema $schema) { $this->_addSql('ALTER TABLE users DROP test'); } } • It contains the SQL statements required to update your database with the schema changes. Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Database Migrations • Run migrate command to execute the generated migration: $ ./doctrine migrations:migrate • Now your database is up to date and contains the new column named test. Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

Questions? Jonathan H. Wage jonathan.wage@sensio.com sensiolabs.com | doctrine-project.org | sympalphp.org | jwage.com You should follow me on http://www.twitter.com/jwage for updates about Symfony, Doctrine and related developments. You can contact Jonathan about Doctrine and Open-Source or for training, consulting, application development, or business related questions at jonathan.wage@sensio.com Doctrine 2 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.com

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Symfony2 and Doctrine2 Integration

by Jonathan Wage on Jun 23, 2010

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