The document provides a history of photography from its origins to its growth as an art form. It details how the camera obscura was invented in 1021 by Alhazen and how this led to the first recorded photographic image by Joseph Niepce in 1826. The most successful early photographic processes were the Daguerreotype and Calotype in the 1800s. Photography was used for portraiture, celebrities, documentation of the Civil War, and the mass production of cartes de visite. Advances in the late 1800s by Marey and Muybridge led to motion pictures. Photography was also used for documentation of western landscapes and the grand tour as well as travel photos. It grew as a scientific tool and form

1. The History of
Photography

2. The Invention of the Camera Obscura is largely attributed to a
Muslim man named Abū Alī al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan ibn al-
Haytham or Alhazen, who wrote a book entitled:
The Book of Optics (1021).

3. Alhazen discovered how light travels
through a pinhole.

4. Camera Obscura use in Painting
Vermeer
Van Eyck
15th
through 18th
century
Hockney’s theory

5. First Recorded Image by Joseph Niepce, 1826, that took
8 hours of exposure time. His process was called the
Heliograph process.

6. The most successful processes, however, were the
Daguerreotype (positive on metal) and the Calotype (negative
on paper).

7. Daguerreotype

9. Calotype (or Talbotype)

10. Other early processes include the Cyanotype Process invented
by Sir John Herschel. The blue color is a result of ultraviolet
light reacting with an iron compound.

11. Portraiture…

12. Photographs of Celebrities

13. The Civil War

14. The Carte de Visite and the
mass production of photography

15. The work of Marey and Muybridge in the late 1900s led to
scientific discoveries and also led to the invention of motion
picture films in the 20th century

16. Western landscape photographers led to the
expansion of the west and to the preservation
of land for national parks

17. Stereoscopes: the first 3D

19. The Grand Tour
 First Travel photos of
exotic places and
buildings during
Victorian Era.
 Prince Albert on Grand Tour

20. Travel photos in America
 Mostly for the wealthy
, but democratization
began to happen
(mostly thanks to
George Eastman and
Kodak).

21. Scientific (photo) Advancements
 Lighter cameras and
the dry plate process
made it easier for
more people to afford
to take photos.

22. The Growth of Photo-Journalism
 Began with the Civil
War, but grew
in the decades following
, including World War
I and
the great depression.

23. Photography as a Fine Art
 Many were also
painters and the
common element is a
creative use of light.