Smart tanker robot for security operations in the protected area with wireless secured communicat

SMART TANKER ROBOT FOR
SECURITY OPERATIONS IN THE
PROTECTED AREA WITH WIRELESS
SECURED COMMUNICATION
Wireless 433.92 MHz – ISM Band, Ultrasonic Radar with
PIR Human Being Detection, Unmanned and Operative

Using Microcontroller


College Name


Guide Name


Student(s) Name


Using PIC Microcontrollers
PIC 16F877

The Webster defines a Robot as - An
automatic apparatus or device that performs
functions ordinarily ascribed to humans or
operates with what appears to be almost
human intelligence, which means Robot, is
defined as a mechanical design that is
capable of performing human tasks or
behaving in a human-like manner

SMART TANKER ROBOT FOR SECURITY
OPERATIONS IN THE PROTECTED AREA

The Robotics Institute of America defines
a robot as follows
A Robot is a reprogrammable
multifunctional manipulator designed to
move material, parts, tools or specialized
devices through variable programmed
motions for the performance of a variety
of tasks and used for Relief operations


In this Project, we are combining the Tanker with the
Robot, and building a Smart Tanker Robot
We are going to build the live working Model, which
will have the following features
• Live Working Mechanical Model of the Tanker
Robot
• Wireless Tx / Rx with 433.92 MHz, ISM Band, 4
MHz Bandwidth, for Secured Communication
• Ultrasonic Sensors – Transceivers
• PIR Sensor


ULTRASONIC SENSORS
Ultrasonic occupant sensors activate a quartz
crystal that emits ultrasonic waves throughout space. The
unit then senses the frequency of the reflected waves.

If there is motion, the reflected wave's frequency will shift
slightly (Doppler effect). Ultrasonic sensors operate at
frequencies that are above human sensitivity (20 kHz).
Typical operating frequencies are 25, 30, and 40 kHz
The ultrasonic sound waves cover the entire area in a
continuous fashion -- there are no blind spots or gaps in
the coverage pattern


PIR SENSOR
PIR sensors are motion detectors, which can be
installed outside your home to detect human intrusion.
This sensor detects changes in infrared heat, caused by
human movement and immune to pets
Passive infrared (PIR) sensors react to the infrared
heat energy emitted by people. PIR sensors are passive
devices in that they only detect radiation; they do not emit
it.
They are designed to be maximally sensitive to
objects that emit heat energy at a wavelength of around 10
microns (the peak wavelength of the heat energy emitted
by humans)


WIRELESS RF
Radio Frequency A range of electromagnetic
frequencies above sound and below visible light,
generally in the 30Khz to 300GHz range, used for all
broadcast transmission including AM and FM radio,
television, short-wave, microwave, and satellite
transmissions
High Performance SAW based architecture with a
maximum range of 100 feet at 4800 BPS data rate, with
the operating frequency of 433.92 MHz, ISM Band and
Amplitude Modulation


WHY ROBOTS
• Quality Improvement
• Improvement of
Working Environment
• Better-Cost
An Industrial Robot is a re-
Effectiveness programmable device
• Flexibility to Change which is designed to both
manipulate and transport
• Multi Specialty parts, tools, or used for
Operations specialized manufacturing
implementations through
• Repeated Operations variable programmed
can be Done motions for the
performance of specific
manufacturing tasks

SPECIAL FEATURES & POWERS OF THE ROBOT

• WIRELESS MOVEMENTS – FORWARD, REVERSE,
RIGHT & LEFT
• 360 DEGREE ROTATION – ANY ANGLE FREE
MOVEMENTS FOR ALL AXES
• SENSORS – ULTRASONIC
• SENSORS - PIR
• OBSTACLE SENSING AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE
• DIRECTION SENSING
• PIC MICROCONTROLLER – FLASH & EEPROM


• MECHANICAL MODEL FOR REAL TIME
OPERATIONS
• STEPPER MOTOR
• STEPPER POWER SUPPLY BOARD
• OPTOCOUPLER WITH STEPPER DRIVER BOARD
• SENSORS
• RS 232 CONVERTERS
• POWER SOURCE
• WIRELESS SOLUTIONS – RF


WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
• The process using the Radio - Frequency spectrum for
Transmitting and Receiving Voice, Data and Video signals by
which information(s) are shared is known as Wireless
Communication
• Complete super regenerative RF Transmitter & Receiver Module
operating @ 433.92 MHz
• Compact in Size & Model
• No External Components & No tuning is required
• High Performance SAW based architecture with a maximum range of
100 feet @ 4800 bps data rate
• Low Power Consumption
• RF Receiver Module - 433.92 MHz (FT-COM-RX2), Bandwidth–4 MHz
• RF Transmitter Module -433.92 MHz (FT-COM-TX2), Bandwidth – 4 MHz


ANATOMY OF A ROBOT
The Basic Components of a Robot System are
• The Mechanical linkage
• Actuators and Transmissions
• Sensors
• Controllers
• Stepper Motors
• User interface
• Power conversion unit

EMBEDDED
SYSTEMS
MICROCONTROLLERS
• Microcontroller is a highly integrated chip that
contains all the components comprising a controller.
• Typically, this includes a CPU, RAM, some form of
ROM, I/O ports, and timers. A Microcontroller is
designed for a very specific task – to control a
particular system.
• As a result, the parts can be simplified and reduced,
which cuts down on production costs

BENEFITS OF EMBEDDED
CONTROL DESIGN
• Eliminates necessity of complex circuitry
• Smarter products
• Smaller size
• Lower cost
• User friendly
• State of the art technology

PROTECTED AREA

Using PIC
Microcontroller

PIC16F877
28/40-PIN 8-BIT CMOS FLASH MICROCONTROLLERS

PIC
Microcontroller
MICROCONTROLLER CORE FEATURES
• High performance RISC CPU
• Only 35 single word instructions to learn
• All single cycle instructions except for program branches which
are two cycle
• Operating speed: DC - 20 MHz clock input DC - 200 ns
instruction cycle
• Up to 8K x 14 words of FLASH Program Memory, Up to 368 x 8
bytes of Data Memory (RAM), Up to 256 x 8 bytes of EEPROM
Data Memory
• Pinout compatible to the PIC16C73B/74B/76/77
• Interrupt capability (up to 14 sources)
• Eight level deep hardware stack

PIC
Microcontroller
• Direct, indirect and relative addressing modes
• Power-on Reset (POR)
• Power-up Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST)
• Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC oscillator for
reliable operation
• Programmable code protection
• Power saving SLEEP mode
• Selectable oscillator options
• Low power, high speed CMOS FLASH/EEPROM technology
• Fully static design
• In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) via two pins

PIC
Microcontroller
• Single 5V In-Circuit Serial Programming capability
• In-Circuit Debugging via two pins
• Processor read/write access to program memory
• Wide operating voltage range: 2.0V to 5.5V
• High Sink/Source Current: 25 mA
• Commercial, Industrial and Extended temperature
ranges
• Low-power consumption: < 0.6 mA typical @ 3V, 4
MHz, 20 μA typical @ 3V, 32 kHz, < 1 μA typical
standby current

PIC
Microcontroller
16F877

PIN
DIAGRAM

PIC Microcontroller - Block
Diagram

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