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© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Apache Hadoop YARN
Enabling next generation data applications
Page 1
Arun C. Murthy
Founder & Architect
@acmurthy (@hortonworks)
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Hello!
• Founder/Architect at Hortonworks Inc.
– Lead - Map-Reduce/YARN/Tez
– Formerly, Architect Hadoop MapReduce, Yahoo
– Responsible for running Hadoop MapReduce as a service for all of
Yahoo (~50k nodes footprint)
• Apache Hadoop, ASF
– Frmr. VP, Apache Hadoop, ASF (Chair of Apache Hadoop PMC)
– Long-term Committer/PMC member (full time >6 years)
– Release Manager for hadoop-2.x
Page 2
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Agenda
• Why YARN?
• YARN Architecture and Concepts
• Building applications on YARN
• Next Steps
Page 3
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Agenda
• Why YARN?
• YARN Architecture and Concepts
• Building applications on YARN
• Next Steps
Page 4
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
The 1st Generation of Hadoop: Batch
HADOOP 1.0
Built for Web-Scale Batch Apps
Single	
  App	
  
BATCH
HDFS
Single	
  App	
  
INTERACTIVE
Single	
  App	
  
BATCH
HDFS
•  All other usage
patterns must
leverage that same
infrastructure
•  Forces the creation
of silos for managing
mixed workloads
Single	
  App	
  
BATCH
HDFS
Single	
  App	
  
ONLINE
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Hadoop MapReduce Classic
• JobTracker
– Manages cluster resources and job scheduling
• TaskTracker
– Per-node agent
– Manage tasks
Page 6
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
MapReduce Classic: Limitations
• Scalability
– Maximum Cluster size – 4,000 nodes
– Maximum concurrent tasks – 40,000
– Coarse synchronization in JobTracker
• Availability
– Failure kills all queued and running jobs
• Hard partition of resources into map and reduce slots
– Low resource utilization
• Lacks support for alternate paradigms and services
– Iterative applications implemented using MapReduce are
10x slower
Page 7
© Hortonworks Inc. 2012© Hortonworks Inc. 2013. Confidential and Proprietary.
Our Vision: Hadoop as Next-Gen Platform
HADOOP 1.0
HDFS	
  
(redundant,	
  reliable	
  storage)	
  
MapReduce	
  
(cluster	
  resource	
  management	
  
	
  &	
  data	
  processing)	
  
HDFS2	
  
(redundant,	
  reliable	
  storage)	
  
YARN	
  
(cluster	
  resource	
  management)	
  
MapReduce	
  
(data	
  processing)	
  
Others	
  
(data	
  processing)	
  
HADOOP 2.0
Single Use System
Batch Apps
Multi Purpose Platform
Batch, Interactive, Online, Streaming, …
Page 8
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN: Taking Hadoop Beyond Batch
Page 9
Applica;ons	
  Run	
  Na;vely	
  IN	
  Hadoop	
  
HDFS2	
  (Redundant,	
  Reliable	
  Storage)	
  
YARN	
  (Cluster	
  Resource	
  Management)	
  	
  	
  
BATCH	
  
(MapReduce)	
  
INTERACTIVE	
  
(Tez)	
  
STREAMING	
  
(Storm,	
  S4,…)	
  
GRAPH	
  
(Giraph)	
  
IN-­‐MEMORY	
  
(Spark)	
  
HPC	
  MPI	
  
(OpenMPI)	
  
ONLINE	
  
(HBase)	
  
OTHER	
  
(Search)	
  
(Weave…)	
  
Store ALL DATA in one place…
Interact with that data in MULTIPLE WAYS
with Predictable Performance and Quality of Service
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
5
5 Key Benefits of YARN
1.  Scale
2.  New Programming Models &
Services
3.  Improved cluster utilization
4.  Agility
5.  Beyond Java
Page 10
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Agenda
• Why YARN
• YARN Architecture and Concepts
• Building applications on YARN
• Next Steps
Page 11
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
A Brief History of YARN
•  Originally conceived & architected by the team at Yahoo!
– Arun Murthy created the original JIRA in 2008 and led the PMC
•  The team at Hortonworks has been working on YARN for 4 years
•  YARN based architecture running at scale at Yahoo!
– Deployed on 35,000 nodes for 6+ months
•  Multitude of YARN applications
Page 12
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Concepts
• Application
– Application is a job submitted to the framework
– Example – Map Reduce Job
• Container
– Basic unit of allocation
– Fine-grained resource allocation across multiple resource
types (memory, cpu, disk, network, gpu etc.)
– container_0 = 2GB, 1CPU
– container_1 = 1GB, 6 CPU
– Replaces the fixed map/reduce slots
13
© Hortonworks Inc. 2012
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
Container	
  1.1	
  
Container	
  2.4	
  
ResourceManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
Container	
  1.2	
  
Container	
  1.3	
  
AM	
  1	
  
Container	
  2.1	
  
Container	
  2.2	
  
Container	
  2.3	
  
AM2	
  
YARN Architecture
Scheduler	
  
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Architecture
• Resource Manager
– Global resource scheduler
– Hierarchical queues
• Node Manager
– Per-machine agent
– Manages the life-cycle of container
– Container resource monitoring
• Application Master
– Per-application
– Manages application scheduling and task execution
– E.g. MapReduce Application Master
15
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Design Centre
• Split up the two major functions of JobTracker
– Cluster resource management
– Application life-cycle management
• MapReduce becomes user-land library
16
© Hortonworks Inc. 2012
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
Container	
  1.1	
  
Container	
  2.4	
  
ResourceManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
Container	
  1.2	
  
Container	
  1.3	
  
AM	
  1	
  
Container	
  2.2	
  
Container	
  2.1	
  
Container	
  2.3	
  
AM2	
  
YARN Architecture - Walkthrough
Scheduler	
  Client2	
  
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
5
Review - Benefits of YARN
1.  Scale
2.  New Programming Models &
Services
3.  Improved cluster utilization
4.  Agility
5.  Beyond Java
Page 18
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Agenda
• Why YARN
• YARN Architecture and Concepts
• Building applications on YARN
• Next Steps
Page 19
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN Applications
• Data processing applications and services
– Online Serving – HOYA (HBase on YARN)
– Real-time event processing – Storm, S4, other commercial
platforms
– Tez – Generic framework to run a complex DAG
– MPI: OpenMPI, MPICH2
– Master-Worker
– Machine Learning: Spark
– Graph processing: Giraph
– Enabled by allowing the use of paradigm-specific application
master
Run all on the same Hadoop cluster!
Page 20
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN – Implementing Applications
• What APIs do I need to use?
– Only three protocols
– Client to ResourceManager
– Application submission
– ApplicationMaster to ResourceManager
– Container allocation
– ApplicationMaster to NodeManager
– Container launch
– Use client libraries for all 3 actions
– Module yarn-client
– Provides both synchronous and asynchronous libraries
– Use 3rd party like Weave
–  http://continuuity.github.io/weave/
21
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN – Implementing Applications
• What do I need to do?
– Write a submission Client
– Write an ApplicationMaster (well copy-paste)
– DistributedShell is the new WordCount!
– Get containers, run whatever you want!
22
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN – Implementing Applications
• What else do I need to know?
– Resource Allocation & Usage
– ResourceRequest !
– Container !
– ContainerLaunchContext!
– LocalResource!
– ApplicationMaster
– ApplicationId
– ApplicationAttemptId!
– ApplicationSubmissionContext!
23
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN – Resource Allocation & Usage!
• ResourceRequest!
– Fine-grained resource ask to the ResourceManager
– Ask for a specific amount of resources (memory, cpu etc.) on a
specific machine or rack
– Use special value of * for resource name for any machine
Page 24
ResourceRequest!
priority!
resourceName!
capability!
numContainers!
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN – Resource Allocation & Usage!
• ResourceRequest!
!
Page 25
priority! capability! resourceName! numContainers!
!
0!
!
<2gb, 1 core>!
host01! 1!
rack0! 1!
*! 1!
1! <4gb, 1 core>! *! 1!
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN – Resource Allocation & Usage!
• Container!
– The basic unit of allocation in YARN
– The result of the ResourceRequest provided by
ResourceManager to the ApplicationMaster
– A specific amount of resources (cpu, memory etc.) on a specific
machine
Page 26
Container!
containerId!
resourceName!
capability!
tokens!
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN – Resource Allocation & Usage!
• ContainerLaunchContext!
– The context provided by ApplicationMaster to NodeManager to
launch the Container!
– Complete specification for a process
– LocalResource used to specify container binary and
dependencies
– NodeManager responsible for downloading from shared namespace
(typically HDFS)
Page 27
ContainerLaunchContext!
container!
commands!
environment!
localResources! LocalResource!
uri!
type!
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN - ApplicationMaster
• ApplicationMaster
– Per-application controller aka container_0!
– Parent for all containers of the application
– ApplicationMaster negotiates all it’s containers from
ResourceManager
– ApplicationMaster container is child of ResourceManager
– Think init process in Unix
– RM restarts the ApplicationMaster attempt if required (unique
ApplicationAttemptId)
– Code for application is submitted along with Application itself
Page 28
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN - ApplicationMaster
• ApplicationMaster
– ApplicationSubmissionContext is the complete
specification of the ApplicationMaster, provided by Client
– ResourceManager responsible for allocating and launching
ApplicationMaster container
Page 29
ApplicationSubmissionContext!
resourceRequest!
containerLaunchContext!
appName!
queue!
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN Application API - Overview
• hadoop-yarn-client module
• YarnClient is submission client api
• Both synchronous & asynchronous APIs for resource
allocation and container start/stop
• Synchronous API
– AMRMClient!
– AMNMClient!
• Asynchronous API
– AMRMClientAsync!
– AMNMClientAsync!
Page 30
© Hortonworks Inc. 2012
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
Container	
  1.1	
  
Container	
  2.4	
  
ResourceManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
Container	
  1.2	
  
Container	
  1.3	
  
AM	
  1	
  
Container	
  2.2	
  
Container	
  2.1	
  
Container	
  2.3	
  
AM2	
  
Client2	
  
	
  
New Application Request:
YarnClient.createApplication!
Submit Application:
YarnClient.submitApplication!
1
2
YARN Application API – The Client
Scheduler	
  
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN Application API – The Client
• YarnClient!
– createApplication to create application
– submitApplication to start application
–  Application developer needs to provide
ApplicationSubmissionContext!
– APIs to get other information from ResourceManager
–  getAllQueues!
–  getApplications!
–  getNodeReports!
– APIs to manipulate submitted application e.g. killApplication!
Page 32
© Hortonworks Inc. 2012
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
YARN Application API – Resource Allocation
ResourceManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
AM	
  
registerApplicationMaster!
1
4
AMRMClient.allocate!
Container!
2
3
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
unregisterApplicationMaster!
Scheduler	
  
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN Application API – Resource Allocation
• AMRMClient - Synchronous API for ApplicationMaster
to interact with ResourceManager
– Prologue / epilogue – registerApplicationMaster /
unregisterApplicationMaster
– Resource negotiation with ResourceManager
–  Internal book-keeping - addContainerRequest /
removeContainerRequest / releaseAssignedContainer!
–  Main API – allocate!
– Helper APIs for cluster information
–  getAvailableResources!
–  getClusterNodeCount!
Page 34
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN Application API – Resource Allocation
• AMRMClientAsync - Asynchronous API for
ApplicationMaster
– Extension of AMRMClient to provide asynchronous
CallbackHandler!
– Callbacks make it easier to build mental model of interaction with
ResourceManager for the application developer
–  onContainersAllocated!
–  onContainersCompleted!
–  onNodesUpdated!
–  onError!
–  onShutdownRequest!
Page 35
© Hortonworks Inc. 2012
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
	
  
NodeManager	
  
	
  
NodeManager	
  
	
  
YARN Application API – Using Resources
Container	
  1.1	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
	
  
NodeManager	
  
	
  
NodeManager	
  
	
  
AM	
  1	
  
AMNMClient.startContainer!
AMNMClient.getContainerStatus!
ResourceManager	
  
Scheduler	
  
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN Application API – Using Resources
• AMNMClient - Synchronous API for ApplicationMaster
to launch / stop containers at NodeManager
– Simple (trivial) APIs
–  startContainer!
–  stopContainer!
–  getContainerStatus!
Page 37
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN Application API – Using Resources
• AMNMClient - Asynchronous API for
ApplicationMaster to launch / stop containers at
NodeManager
– Simple (trivial) APIs
–  startContainerAsync!
–  stopContainerAsync!
–  getContainerStatusAsync!
– CallbackHandler to make it easier to build mental model of
interaction with NodeManager for the application developer
–  onContainerStarted!
–  onContainerStopped!
–  onStartContainerError!
–  onContainerStatusReceived!
Page 38
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
YARN Application API - Development
• Un-Managed Mode for ApplicationMaster
– Run ApplicationMaster on development machine rather than in-
cluster
– No submission client
– hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher!
– Easier to step through debugger, browse logs etc.!
Page 39
!
$ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher.jar !
Client !
–jar my-application-master.jar !
–cmd ‘java MyApplicationMaster <args>’!
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell
• Overview
– YARN application to run n copies for a Shell command
– Simplest example of a YARN application – get n containers and
run a specific Unix command
Page 40
!
$ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell.jar  !
org.apache.hadoop.yarn.applications.distributedshell.Client !
–shell_command ‘/bin/date’ !
–num_containers <n>!
Code: https://github.com/hortonworks/simple-yarn-app
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell
• Code Overview
– User submits application to ResourceManager via
org.apache.hadoop.yarn.applications.distributedsh
ell.Client!
– Client provides ApplicationSubmissionContext to the
ResourceManager
– It is responsibility of
org.apache.hadoop.yarn.applications.distributedsh
ell.ApplicationMaster to negotiate n containers
– ApplicationMaster launches containers with the user-specified
command as ContainerLaunchContext.commands!
Page 41
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell
• Client – Code Walkthrough
– hadoop-yarn-client module
– Steps:
– YarnClient.createApplication!
– Specify ApplicationSubmissionContext, in particular,
ContainerLaunchContext with commands, and other key pieces
such as resource capability for ApplicationMaster container and
queue, appName, appType etc.
– YarnClient.submitApplication!
Page 42
1 . // Create yarnClient!
2 .   YarnClient yarnClient = YarnClient.createYarnClient();!
3 .   yarnClient.init(new Configuration());!
4 .   yarnClient.start();!
5 . !
6 .    // Create application via yarnClient!
7 .  YarnClientApplication app = yarnClient.createApplication();!
8 . !
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell
Page 43
9.  // Set up the container launch context for the application master!
1 0.    ContainerLaunchContext amContainer = !
1 1.        Records.newRecord(ContainerLaunchContext.class);!
1 2.    List<String> command = new List<String>();!
1 3.    commands.add("$JAVA_HOME/bin/java");!
1 4.    commands.add("-Xmx256M");!
1 5.    commands.add(!
1 6.        "org.apache.hadoop.yarn.applications.distributedshell.ApplicationMaster");!
1 7.    commands.add("--container_memory 1024” );!
1 8.    commands.add("--container_cores 1”);!
1 9.    commands.add("--num_containers 3");;!
2 0.    amContainer.setCommands(commands);!
2 1. !
2 2.    // Set up resource type requirements for ApplicationMaster!
2 3.    Resource capability = Records.newRecord(Resource.class);!
2 4.    capability.setMemory(256);!
2 5.    capability.setVirtualCores(2);!
2 6. !
• Client – Code Walkthrough
Command to launch ApplicationMaster
process
Resources required for
ApplicationMaster container!
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell
Page 44
2 7.    // Finally, set-up ApplicationSubmissionContext for the application!
2 8.    ApplicationSubmissionContext appContext = !
2 9.        app.getApplicationSubmissionContext();!
3 0.    appContext.setQueue("my-queue");            // queue !
3 1.    appContext.setAMContainerSpec(amContainer);!
3 2.    appContext.setResource(capability);!
3 3.    appContext.setApplicationName("my-app");     // application name!
3 4.    appContext.setApplicationType(”DISTRIBUTED_SHELL");    // application type!
3 5. !
3 6.    // Submit application!
3 7.    yarnClient.submitApplication(appContext);
• Client – Code Walkthrough
ApplicationSubmissionContext !
for
ApplicationMaster
Submit application to
ResourceManager
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell
• ApplicationMaster – Code Walkthrough
– Again, hadoop-yarn-client module
– Steps:
– AMRMClient.registerApplication!
– Negotiate containers from ResourceManager by providing
ContainerRequest to AMRMClient.addContainerRequest
– Take the resultant Container returned via subsequent call to
AMRMClient.allocate, build ContainerLaunchContext with
Container and commands, then launch them using
AMNMClient.launchContainer!
– Use LocalResources to specify software/configuration dependencies
for each worker container
– Wait till done…
AllocateResponse.getCompletedContainersStatuses from
subsequent calls to AMRMClient.allocate
– AMRMClient.unregisterApplication!
Page 45
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell
• ApplicationMaster – Code Walkthrough
Page 46
1.  // Initialize clients to ResourceManager and NodeManagers!
2 .        Configuration conf = new Configuration();!
3 . !
4 .        AMRMClient rmClient = AMRMClientAsync.createAMRMClient();!
5 .        rmClient.init(conf);!
6 .        rmClient.start();!
7 . !
8 .        NMClient nmClient = NMClient.createNMClient();!
9 .        nmClientAsync.init(conf);!
1 0.     nmClientAsync.start();!
1 1.!
1 2.     // Register with ResourceManager!
1 3.     rmClient.registerApplicationMaster("", 0, "");!
Initialize clients to
ResourceManager and
NodeManagers
Register with
ResourceManager
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell
• ApplicationMaster – Code Walkthrough
Page 47
1 5.    // Priority for worker containers - priorities are intra-application!
1 6.    Priority priority = Records.newRecord(Priority.class);!
1 7.    priority.setPriority(0);      !
1 8. !
1 9.    // Resource requirements for worker containers!
2 0.    Resource capability = Records.newRecord(Resource.class);!
2 1.    capability.setMemory(128);!
2 2.    capability.setVirtualCores(1);!
2 3. !
2 4.    // Make container requests to ResourceManager!
2 5.    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {!
2 6.      ContainerRequest containerAsk = new ContainerRequest(capability, null, null,
priority);!
2 7.      rmClient.addContainerRequest(containerAsk);!
2 8.    }
!
Setup requirements for
worker containers
Make resource requests
to ResourceManager
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell
• ApplicationMaster – Code Walkthrough
Page 48
!
3 0.    // Obtain allocated containers and launch !
3 1.    int allocatedContainers = 0;!
3 2.    while (allocatedContainers < n) {!
3 3.      AllocateResponse response = rmClient.allocate(0);!
3 4.      for (Container container : response.getAllocatedContainers()) {!
3 5.        ++allocatedContainers;!
3 6. !
3 7.        // Launch container by create ContainerLaunchContext!
3 8.        ContainerLaunchContext ctx = Records.newRecord(ContainerLaunchContext.class);!
3 9.        ctx.setCommands(Collections.singletonList(”/bin/date”));!
4 0.        nmClient.startContainer(container, ctx);!
4 1.      }!
4 2.      Thread.sleep(100);!
4 3.    }
!
Setup requirements for
worker containers
Make resource requests
to ResourceManager
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell
• ApplicationMaster – Code Walkthrough
Page 49
4     // Now wait for containers to complete!
4     int completedContainers = 0;!
4     while (completedContainers < n) {!
4       AllocateResponse response = rmClient.allocate(completedContainers/n);!
4       for (ContainerStatus status : response.getCompletedContainersStatuses()) {!
5         if (status.getExitStatus() == 0) {!
5           ++completedContainers;!
5         }  !
5       }!
4       Thread.sleep(100);!
5     }!
5  !
5     // Un-register with ResourceManager!
5     rmClient.unregisterApplicationMaster(SUCCEEDED, "", "");!
Wait for containers to
complete successfully
Un-register with
ResourceManager
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Apache Hadoop MapReduce on YARN
• Original use-case
• Most complex application to build
– Data-locality
– Fault tolerance
– ApplicationMaster recovery: Check point to HDFS
– Intra-application Priorities: Maps v/s Reduces
– Needed complex feedback mechanism from ResourceManager
– Security
– Isolation
• Binary compatible with Apache Hadoop 1.x
Page 50
© Hortonworks Inc. 2012
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
map	
  1.1	
  
reduce2.1	
  
ResourceManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
map1.2	
  
reduce1.1	
  
MR	
  AM	
  1	
  
map2.1	
  
map2.2	
  
reduce2.2	
  
MR	
  AM2	
  
Apache Hadoop MapReduce on YARN
Scheduler	
  
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Apache Tez on YARN
• Replaces MapReduce as primitive for Pig, Hive,
Cascading etc.
– Smaller latency for interactive queries
– Higher throughput for batch queries
– http://incubator.apache.org/projects/tez.html
Page 52
Hive - Tez
SELECT a.x, AVERAGE(b.y) AS avg
FROM a JOIN b ON (a.id = b.id)
GROUP BY a
UNION SELECT x, AVERAGE(y) AS AVG
FROM c
GROUP BY x
ORDER BY AVG;
Hive - MR
© Hortonworks Inc. 2012
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
map	
  1.1	
  
vertex1.2.2	
  
ResourceManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
map1.2	
  
reduce1.1	
  
MR	
  AM	
  1	
  
vertex1.1.1	
  
vertex1.1.2	
  
vertex1.2.1	
  
Tez	
  AM1	
  
Apache Tez on YARN
Scheduler	
  
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
HOYA - Apache HBase on YARN
• Hoya – Apache HBase becomes user-level application
• Use cases
– Small HBase cluster in large YARN cluster
– Dynamic HBase clusters
– Transient/intermittent clusters for workflows
• APIs to create, start, stop & delete HBase clusters
• Flex cluster size: increase/decrease size with load
• Recover from Region Server loss with new container.
Page 54
Code: https://github.com/hortonworks/hoya
© Hortonworks Inc. 2012
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
map	
  1.1	
  
Hbase	
  Master1.1	
  
ResourceManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
map1.2	
  
reduce1.1	
  
MR	
  AM	
  1	
  
RegionServer	
  1.1	
  
RegionServer	
  1.2	
  
RegionServer	
  1.3	
  
HOYA	
  AM1	
  
HOYA - Apache HBase on YARN
Scheduler	
  
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
HOYA - Highlights
• Cluster specification stored as JSON in HDFS
• Config directory cached - dynamically patched before
pushing up as local resources for Master &
RegionServers
• HBase tar file stored in HDFS -clusters can use the
same/different HBase versions
• Handling of cluster flexing is the same code as
unplanned container loss.
• No Hoya code on RegionServers: client and AM only
Page 56
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Storm on YARN
• Ability to deploy multiple Storm clusters on YARN for
real-time event processing
• Yahoo – Primary contributor
– 200+ nodes in production
• Ability to recover from faulty nodes
– Get new containers
• Auto-scale for load balancing
– Get new containers as load increases
– Release containers as load decreases
Page 57
Code: https://github.com/yahoo/storm-yarn
© Hortonworks Inc. 2012
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
map	
  1.1	
  
Nimbus1.4	
  
ResourceManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
   NodeManager	
  
map1.2	
  
reduce1.1	
  
MR	
  AM	
  1	
  
Nimbus1.1	
  
Nimbus1.2	
  
Nimbus1.3	
  
Storm	
  AM1	
  
Storm on YARN
Scheduler	
  
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
General Architectural Considerations
• Fault Tolerance
– Checkpoint
• Security
• Always-On services
• Scheduler features
– Whitelist resources
– Blacklist resources
– Labels for machines
– License management
Page 59
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Agenda
• Why YARN
• YARN Architecture and Concepts
• Building applications on YARN
• Next Steps
Page 60
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
HDP 2.0 Community Preview & YARN Certification Program
Goal: Accelerate # of certified YARN-based solutions
•  HDP 2.0 Community Preview
– Contains latest community Beta of
Apache Hadoop 2.0 & YARN
– Delivered as easy to use Sandbox
VM, as well as RPMs and Tarballs
– Enables YARN Cert Program
Community & commercial
ecosystem to test and certify new
and existing YARN-based apps
•  YARN Certification Program
– More than 14 partners in
program at launch
–  Splunk*
–  Elastic Search*
–  Altiscale*
–  Concurrent*
–  Microsoft
–  Platfora
–  Tableau
–  (IBM) DataStage
–  Informatica
–  Karmasphere
–  and others
* Already certified
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Forum & Office Hours
• YARN Forum
– Community of Hadoop YARN developers
– Focused on collaboration and Q&A
–  http://hortonworks.com/community/forums/forum/yarn
• Office Hours
– http://www.meetup.com/HSquared-Hadoop-Hortonworks-User-
Group/
– Bi-weekly office hours with Hortonworks engineers & architects
– Every other Thursday, starting on Aug 15th from 4:30 – 5:30 PM
(PST)
– At Hortonworks Palo Alto HQ
– West Bayshore Rd. Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA
Page 62
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
Technical Resources
• ASF hadoop-2.1.0-beta
– Coming soon!
–  http://hadoop.apache.org/common/releases.html
– Release Documentation:
http://hadoop.apache.org/common/docs/r2.1.0-beta
• Blogs:
–  http://hortonworks.com/hadoop/yarn
–  http://hortonworks.com/blog/category/apache-hadoop/yarn/
–  http://hortonworks.com/blog/introducing-apache-hadoop-yarn/
–  http://hortonworks.com/blog/apache-hadoop-yarn-background-
and-an-overview/
Page 63
© Hortonworks Inc. 2013
What Next?
• Download the Book
• Download the Community preview
• Join the Beta Program
• Participate via the YARN forum
• Come see us during the YARN
Office Hours
• Follow us… @hortonworks
Thank You!
Page 64
http://hortonworks.com/hadoop/yarn

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Apache Hadoop YARN - Enabling Next Generation Data Applications

  • 1. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Apache Hadoop YARN Enabling next generation data applications Page 1 Arun C. Murthy Founder & Architect @acmurthy (@hortonworks)
  • 2. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Hello! • Founder/Architect at Hortonworks Inc. – Lead - Map-Reduce/YARN/Tez – Formerly, Architect Hadoop MapReduce, Yahoo – Responsible for running Hadoop MapReduce as a service for all of Yahoo (~50k nodes footprint) • Apache Hadoop, ASF – Frmr. VP, Apache Hadoop, ASF (Chair of Apache Hadoop PMC) – Long-term Committer/PMC member (full time >6 years) – Release Manager for hadoop-2.x Page 2
  • 3. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Agenda • Why YARN? • YARN Architecture and Concepts • Building applications on YARN • Next Steps Page 3
  • 4. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Agenda • Why YARN? • YARN Architecture and Concepts • Building applications on YARN • Next Steps Page 4
  • 5. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 The 1st Generation of Hadoop: Batch HADOOP 1.0 Built for Web-Scale Batch Apps Single  App   BATCH HDFS Single  App   INTERACTIVE Single  App   BATCH HDFS •  All other usage patterns must leverage that same infrastructure •  Forces the creation of silos for managing mixed workloads Single  App   BATCH HDFS Single  App   ONLINE
  • 6. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Hadoop MapReduce Classic • JobTracker – Manages cluster resources and job scheduling • TaskTracker – Per-node agent – Manage tasks Page 6
  • 7. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 MapReduce Classic: Limitations • Scalability – Maximum Cluster size – 4,000 nodes – Maximum concurrent tasks – 40,000 – Coarse synchronization in JobTracker • Availability – Failure kills all queued and running jobs • Hard partition of resources into map and reduce slots – Low resource utilization • Lacks support for alternate paradigms and services – Iterative applications implemented using MapReduce are 10x slower Page 7
  • 8. © Hortonworks Inc. 2012© Hortonworks Inc. 2013. Confidential and Proprietary. Our Vision: Hadoop as Next-Gen Platform HADOOP 1.0 HDFS   (redundant,  reliable  storage)   MapReduce   (cluster  resource  management    &  data  processing)   HDFS2   (redundant,  reliable  storage)   YARN   (cluster  resource  management)   MapReduce   (data  processing)   Others   (data  processing)   HADOOP 2.0 Single Use System Batch Apps Multi Purpose Platform Batch, Interactive, Online, Streaming, … Page 8
  • 9. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN: Taking Hadoop Beyond Batch Page 9 Applica;ons  Run  Na;vely  IN  Hadoop   HDFS2  (Redundant,  Reliable  Storage)   YARN  (Cluster  Resource  Management)       BATCH   (MapReduce)   INTERACTIVE   (Tez)   STREAMING   (Storm,  S4,…)   GRAPH   (Giraph)   IN-­‐MEMORY   (Spark)   HPC  MPI   (OpenMPI)   ONLINE   (HBase)   OTHER   (Search)   (Weave…)   Store ALL DATA in one place… Interact with that data in MULTIPLE WAYS with Predictable Performance and Quality of Service
  • 10. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 5 5 Key Benefits of YARN 1.  Scale 2.  New Programming Models & Services 3.  Improved cluster utilization 4.  Agility 5.  Beyond Java Page 10
  • 11. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Agenda • Why YARN • YARN Architecture and Concepts • Building applications on YARN • Next Steps Page 11
  • 12. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 A Brief History of YARN •  Originally conceived & architected by the team at Yahoo! – Arun Murthy created the original JIRA in 2008 and led the PMC •  The team at Hortonworks has been working on YARN for 4 years •  YARN based architecture running at scale at Yahoo! – Deployed on 35,000 nodes for 6+ months •  Multitude of YARN applications Page 12
  • 13. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Concepts • Application – Application is a job submitted to the framework – Example – Map Reduce Job • Container – Basic unit of allocation – Fine-grained resource allocation across multiple resource types (memory, cpu, disk, network, gpu etc.) – container_0 = 2GB, 1CPU – container_1 = 1GB, 6 CPU – Replaces the fixed map/reduce slots 13
  • 14. © Hortonworks Inc. 2012 NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   Container  1.1   Container  2.4   ResourceManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   Container  1.2   Container  1.3   AM  1   Container  2.1   Container  2.2   Container  2.3   AM2   YARN Architecture Scheduler  
  • 15. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Architecture • Resource Manager – Global resource scheduler – Hierarchical queues • Node Manager – Per-machine agent – Manages the life-cycle of container – Container resource monitoring • Application Master – Per-application – Manages application scheduling and task execution – E.g. MapReduce Application Master 15
  • 16. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Design Centre • Split up the two major functions of JobTracker – Cluster resource management – Application life-cycle management • MapReduce becomes user-land library 16
  • 17. © Hortonworks Inc. 2012 NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   Container  1.1   Container  2.4   ResourceManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   Container  1.2   Container  1.3   AM  1   Container  2.2   Container  2.1   Container  2.3   AM2   YARN Architecture - Walkthrough Scheduler  Client2  
  • 18. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 5 Review - Benefits of YARN 1.  Scale 2.  New Programming Models & Services 3.  Improved cluster utilization 4.  Agility 5.  Beyond Java Page 18
  • 19. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Agenda • Why YARN • YARN Architecture and Concepts • Building applications on YARN • Next Steps Page 19
  • 20. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN Applications • Data processing applications and services – Online Serving – HOYA (HBase on YARN) – Real-time event processing – Storm, S4, other commercial platforms – Tez – Generic framework to run a complex DAG – MPI: OpenMPI, MPICH2 – Master-Worker – Machine Learning: Spark – Graph processing: Giraph – Enabled by allowing the use of paradigm-specific application master Run all on the same Hadoop cluster! Page 20
  • 21. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN – Implementing Applications • What APIs do I need to use? – Only three protocols – Client to ResourceManager – Application submission – ApplicationMaster to ResourceManager – Container allocation – ApplicationMaster to NodeManager – Container launch – Use client libraries for all 3 actions – Module yarn-client – Provides both synchronous and asynchronous libraries – Use 3rd party like Weave –  http://continuuity.github.io/weave/ 21
  • 22. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN – Implementing Applications • What do I need to do? – Write a submission Client – Write an ApplicationMaster (well copy-paste) – DistributedShell is the new WordCount! – Get containers, run whatever you want! 22
  • 23. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN – Implementing Applications • What else do I need to know? – Resource Allocation & Usage – ResourceRequest ! – Container ! – ContainerLaunchContext! – LocalResource! – ApplicationMaster – ApplicationId – ApplicationAttemptId! – ApplicationSubmissionContext! 23
  • 24. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN – Resource Allocation & Usage! • ResourceRequest! – Fine-grained resource ask to the ResourceManager – Ask for a specific amount of resources (memory, cpu etc.) on a specific machine or rack – Use special value of * for resource name for any machine Page 24 ResourceRequest! priority! resourceName! capability! numContainers!
  • 25. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN – Resource Allocation & Usage! • ResourceRequest! ! Page 25 priority! capability! resourceName! numContainers! ! 0! ! <2gb, 1 core>! host01! 1! rack0! 1! *! 1! 1! <4gb, 1 core>! *! 1!
  • 26. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN – Resource Allocation & Usage! • Container! – The basic unit of allocation in YARN – The result of the ResourceRequest provided by ResourceManager to the ApplicationMaster – A specific amount of resources (cpu, memory etc.) on a specific machine Page 26 Container! containerId! resourceName! capability! tokens!
  • 27. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN – Resource Allocation & Usage! • ContainerLaunchContext! – The context provided by ApplicationMaster to NodeManager to launch the Container! – Complete specification for a process – LocalResource used to specify container binary and dependencies – NodeManager responsible for downloading from shared namespace (typically HDFS) Page 27 ContainerLaunchContext! container! commands! environment! localResources! LocalResource! uri! type!
  • 28. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN - ApplicationMaster • ApplicationMaster – Per-application controller aka container_0! – Parent for all containers of the application – ApplicationMaster negotiates all it’s containers from ResourceManager – ApplicationMaster container is child of ResourceManager – Think init process in Unix – RM restarts the ApplicationMaster attempt if required (unique ApplicationAttemptId) – Code for application is submitted along with Application itself Page 28
  • 29. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN - ApplicationMaster • ApplicationMaster – ApplicationSubmissionContext is the complete specification of the ApplicationMaster, provided by Client – ResourceManager responsible for allocating and launching ApplicationMaster container Page 29 ApplicationSubmissionContext! resourceRequest! containerLaunchContext! appName! queue!
  • 30. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN Application API - Overview • hadoop-yarn-client module • YarnClient is submission client api • Both synchronous & asynchronous APIs for resource allocation and container start/stop • Synchronous API – AMRMClient! – AMNMClient! • Asynchronous API – AMRMClientAsync! – AMNMClientAsync! Page 30
  • 31. © Hortonworks Inc. 2012 NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   Container  1.1   Container  2.4   ResourceManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   Container  1.2   Container  1.3   AM  1   Container  2.2   Container  2.1   Container  2.3   AM2   Client2     New Application Request: YarnClient.createApplication! Submit Application: YarnClient.submitApplication! 1 2 YARN Application API – The Client Scheduler  
  • 32. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN Application API – The Client • YarnClient! – createApplication to create application – submitApplication to start application –  Application developer needs to provide ApplicationSubmissionContext! – APIs to get other information from ResourceManager –  getAllQueues! –  getApplications! –  getNodeReports! – APIs to manipulate submitted application e.g. killApplication! Page 32
  • 33. © Hortonworks Inc. 2012 NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   YARN Application API – Resource Allocation ResourceManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   AM   registerApplicationMaster! 1 4 AMRMClient.allocate! Container! 2 3 NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   unregisterApplicationMaster! Scheduler  
  • 34. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN Application API – Resource Allocation • AMRMClient - Synchronous API for ApplicationMaster to interact with ResourceManager – Prologue / epilogue – registerApplicationMaster / unregisterApplicationMaster – Resource negotiation with ResourceManager –  Internal book-keeping - addContainerRequest / removeContainerRequest / releaseAssignedContainer! –  Main API – allocate! – Helper APIs for cluster information –  getAvailableResources! –  getClusterNodeCount! Page 34
  • 35. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN Application API – Resource Allocation • AMRMClientAsync - Asynchronous API for ApplicationMaster – Extension of AMRMClient to provide asynchronous CallbackHandler! – Callbacks make it easier to build mental model of interaction with ResourceManager for the application developer –  onContainersAllocated! –  onContainersCompleted! –  onNodesUpdated! –  onError! –  onShutdownRequest! Page 35
  • 36. © Hortonworks Inc. 2012 NodeManager   NodeManager     NodeManager     NodeManager     YARN Application API – Using Resources Container  1.1   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager     NodeManager   NodeManager     NodeManager     NodeManager     AM  1   AMNMClient.startContainer! AMNMClient.getContainerStatus! ResourceManager   Scheduler  
  • 37. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN Application API – Using Resources • AMNMClient - Synchronous API for ApplicationMaster to launch / stop containers at NodeManager – Simple (trivial) APIs –  startContainer! –  stopContainer! –  getContainerStatus! Page 37
  • 38. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN Application API – Using Resources • AMNMClient - Asynchronous API for ApplicationMaster to launch / stop containers at NodeManager – Simple (trivial) APIs –  startContainerAsync! –  stopContainerAsync! –  getContainerStatusAsync! – CallbackHandler to make it easier to build mental model of interaction with NodeManager for the application developer –  onContainerStarted! –  onContainerStopped! –  onStartContainerError! –  onContainerStatusReceived! Page 38
  • 39. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 YARN Application API - Development • Un-Managed Mode for ApplicationMaster – Run ApplicationMaster on development machine rather than in- cluster – No submission client – hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher! – Easier to step through debugger, browse logs etc.! Page 39 ! $ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher.jar ! Client ! –jar my-application-master.jar ! –cmd ‘java MyApplicationMaster <args>’!
  • 40. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell • Overview – YARN application to run n copies for a Shell command – Simplest example of a YARN application – get n containers and run a specific Unix command Page 40 ! $ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell.jar ! org.apache.hadoop.yarn.applications.distributedshell.Client ! –shell_command ‘/bin/date’ ! –num_containers <n>! Code: https://github.com/hortonworks/simple-yarn-app
  • 41. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell • Code Overview – User submits application to ResourceManager via org.apache.hadoop.yarn.applications.distributedsh ell.Client! – Client provides ApplicationSubmissionContext to the ResourceManager – It is responsibility of org.apache.hadoop.yarn.applications.distributedsh ell.ApplicationMaster to negotiate n containers – ApplicationMaster launches containers with the user-specified command as ContainerLaunchContext.commands! Page 41
  • 42. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell • Client – Code Walkthrough – hadoop-yarn-client module – Steps: – YarnClient.createApplication! – Specify ApplicationSubmissionContext, in particular, ContainerLaunchContext with commands, and other key pieces such as resource capability for ApplicationMaster container and queue, appName, appType etc. – YarnClient.submitApplication! Page 42 1 . // Create yarnClient! 2 .   YarnClient yarnClient = YarnClient.createYarnClient();! 3 .   yarnClient.init(new Configuration());! 4 .   yarnClient.start();! 5 . ! 6 .    // Create application via yarnClient! 7 .  YarnClientApplication app = yarnClient.createApplication();! 8 . !
  • 43. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell Page 43 9.  // Set up the container launch context for the application master! 1 0.    ContainerLaunchContext amContainer = ! 1 1.        Records.newRecord(ContainerLaunchContext.class);! 1 2.    List<String> command = new List<String>();! 1 3.    commands.add("$JAVA_HOME/bin/java");! 1 4.    commands.add("-Xmx256M");! 1 5.    commands.add(! 1 6.        "org.apache.hadoop.yarn.applications.distributedshell.ApplicationMaster");! 1 7.    commands.add("--container_memory 1024” );! 1 8.    commands.add("--container_cores 1”);! 1 9.    commands.add("--num_containers 3");;! 2 0.    amContainer.setCommands(commands);! 2 1. ! 2 2.    // Set up resource type requirements for ApplicationMaster! 2 3.    Resource capability = Records.newRecord(Resource.class);! 2 4.    capability.setMemory(256);! 2 5.    capability.setVirtualCores(2);! 2 6. ! • Client – Code Walkthrough Command to launch ApplicationMaster process Resources required for ApplicationMaster container!
  • 44. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell Page 44 2 7.    // Finally, set-up ApplicationSubmissionContext for the application! 2 8.    ApplicationSubmissionContext appContext = ! 2 9.        app.getApplicationSubmissionContext();! 3 0.    appContext.setQueue("my-queue");            // queue ! 3 1.    appContext.setAMContainerSpec(amContainer);! 3 2.    appContext.setResource(capability);! 3 3.    appContext.setApplicationName("my-app");     // application name! 3 4.    appContext.setApplicationType(”DISTRIBUTED_SHELL");    // application type! 3 5. ! 3 6.    // Submit application! 3 7.    yarnClient.submitApplication(appContext); • Client – Code Walkthrough ApplicationSubmissionContext ! for ApplicationMaster Submit application to ResourceManager
  • 45. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell • ApplicationMaster – Code Walkthrough – Again, hadoop-yarn-client module – Steps: – AMRMClient.registerApplication! – Negotiate containers from ResourceManager by providing ContainerRequest to AMRMClient.addContainerRequest – Take the resultant Container returned via subsequent call to AMRMClient.allocate, build ContainerLaunchContext with Container and commands, then launch them using AMNMClient.launchContainer! – Use LocalResources to specify software/configuration dependencies for each worker container – Wait till done… AllocateResponse.getCompletedContainersStatuses from subsequent calls to AMRMClient.allocate – AMRMClient.unregisterApplication! Page 45
  • 46. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell • ApplicationMaster – Code Walkthrough Page 46 1.  // Initialize clients to ResourceManager and NodeManagers! 2 .        Configuration conf = new Configuration();! 3 . ! 4 .        AMRMClient rmClient = AMRMClientAsync.createAMRMClient();! 5 .        rmClient.init(conf);! 6 .        rmClient.start();! 7 . ! 8 .        NMClient nmClient = NMClient.createNMClient();! 9 .        nmClientAsync.init(conf);! 1 0.     nmClientAsync.start();! 1 1.! 1 2.     // Register with ResourceManager! 1 3.     rmClient.registerApplicationMaster("", 0, "");! Initialize clients to ResourceManager and NodeManagers Register with ResourceManager
  • 47. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell • ApplicationMaster – Code Walkthrough Page 47 1 5.    // Priority for worker containers - priorities are intra-application! 1 6.    Priority priority = Records.newRecord(Priority.class);! 1 7.    priority.setPriority(0);      ! 1 8. ! 1 9.    // Resource requirements for worker containers! 2 0.    Resource capability = Records.newRecord(Resource.class);! 2 1.    capability.setMemory(128);! 2 2.    capability.setVirtualCores(1);! 2 3. ! 2 4.    // Make container requests to ResourceManager! 2 5.    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {! 2 6.      ContainerRequest containerAsk = new ContainerRequest(capability, null, null, priority);! 2 7.      rmClient.addContainerRequest(containerAsk);! 2 8.    } ! Setup requirements for worker containers Make resource requests to ResourceManager
  • 48. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell • ApplicationMaster – Code Walkthrough Page 48 ! 3 0.    // Obtain allocated containers and launch ! 3 1.    int allocatedContainers = 0;! 3 2.    while (allocatedContainers < n) {! 3 3.      AllocateResponse response = rmClient.allocate(0);! 3 4.      for (Container container : response.getAllocatedContainers()) {! 3 5.        ++allocatedContainers;! 3 6. ! 3 7.        // Launch container by create ContainerLaunchContext! 3 8.        ContainerLaunchContext ctx = Records.newRecord(ContainerLaunchContext.class);! 3 9.        ctx.setCommands(Collections.singletonList(”/bin/date”));! 4 0.        nmClient.startContainer(container, ctx);! 4 1.      }! 4 2.      Thread.sleep(100);! 4 3.    } ! Setup requirements for worker containers Make resource requests to ResourceManager
  • 49. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Sample YARN Application – DistributedShell • ApplicationMaster – Code Walkthrough Page 49 4     // Now wait for containers to complete! 4     int completedContainers = 0;! 4     while (completedContainers < n) {! 4       AllocateResponse response = rmClient.allocate(completedContainers/n);! 4       for (ContainerStatus status : response.getCompletedContainersStatuses()) {! 5         if (status.getExitStatus() == 0) {! 5           ++completedContainers;! 5         }  ! 5       }! 4       Thread.sleep(100);! 5     }! 5  ! 5     // Un-register with ResourceManager! 5     rmClient.unregisterApplicationMaster(SUCCEEDED, "", "");! Wait for containers to complete successfully Un-register with ResourceManager
  • 50. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Apache Hadoop MapReduce on YARN • Original use-case • Most complex application to build – Data-locality – Fault tolerance – ApplicationMaster recovery: Check point to HDFS – Intra-application Priorities: Maps v/s Reduces – Needed complex feedback mechanism from ResourceManager – Security – Isolation • Binary compatible with Apache Hadoop 1.x Page 50
  • 51. © Hortonworks Inc. 2012 NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   map  1.1   reduce2.1   ResourceManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   map1.2   reduce1.1   MR  AM  1   map2.1   map2.2   reduce2.2   MR  AM2   Apache Hadoop MapReduce on YARN Scheduler  
  • 52. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Apache Tez on YARN • Replaces MapReduce as primitive for Pig, Hive, Cascading etc. – Smaller latency for interactive queries – Higher throughput for batch queries – http://incubator.apache.org/projects/tez.html Page 52 Hive - Tez SELECT a.x, AVERAGE(b.y) AS avg FROM a JOIN b ON (a.id = b.id) GROUP BY a UNION SELECT x, AVERAGE(y) AS AVG FROM c GROUP BY x ORDER BY AVG; Hive - MR
  • 53. © Hortonworks Inc. 2012 NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   map  1.1   vertex1.2.2   ResourceManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   map1.2   reduce1.1   MR  AM  1   vertex1.1.1   vertex1.1.2   vertex1.2.1   Tez  AM1   Apache Tez on YARN Scheduler  
  • 54. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 HOYA - Apache HBase on YARN • Hoya – Apache HBase becomes user-level application • Use cases – Small HBase cluster in large YARN cluster – Dynamic HBase clusters – Transient/intermittent clusters for workflows • APIs to create, start, stop & delete HBase clusters • Flex cluster size: increase/decrease size with load • Recover from Region Server loss with new container. Page 54 Code: https://github.com/hortonworks/hoya
  • 55. © Hortonworks Inc. 2012 NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   map  1.1   Hbase  Master1.1   ResourceManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   map1.2   reduce1.1   MR  AM  1   RegionServer  1.1   RegionServer  1.2   RegionServer  1.3   HOYA  AM1   HOYA - Apache HBase on YARN Scheduler  
  • 56. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 HOYA - Highlights • Cluster specification stored as JSON in HDFS • Config directory cached - dynamically patched before pushing up as local resources for Master & RegionServers • HBase tar file stored in HDFS -clusters can use the same/different HBase versions • Handling of cluster flexing is the same code as unplanned container loss. • No Hoya code on RegionServers: client and AM only Page 56
  • 57. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Storm on YARN • Ability to deploy multiple Storm clusters on YARN for real-time event processing • Yahoo – Primary contributor – 200+ nodes in production • Ability to recover from faulty nodes – Get new containers • Auto-scale for load balancing – Get new containers as load increases – Release containers as load decreases Page 57 Code: https://github.com/yahoo/storm-yarn
  • 58. © Hortonworks Inc. 2012 NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   map  1.1   Nimbus1.4   ResourceManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   NodeManager   map1.2   reduce1.1   MR  AM  1   Nimbus1.1   Nimbus1.2   Nimbus1.3   Storm  AM1   Storm on YARN Scheduler  
  • 59. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 General Architectural Considerations • Fault Tolerance – Checkpoint • Security • Always-On services • Scheduler features – Whitelist resources – Blacklist resources – Labels for machines – License management Page 59
  • 60. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Agenda • Why YARN • YARN Architecture and Concepts • Building applications on YARN • Next Steps Page 60
  • 61. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 HDP 2.0 Community Preview & YARN Certification Program Goal: Accelerate # of certified YARN-based solutions •  HDP 2.0 Community Preview – Contains latest community Beta of Apache Hadoop 2.0 & YARN – Delivered as easy to use Sandbox VM, as well as RPMs and Tarballs – Enables YARN Cert Program Community & commercial ecosystem to test and certify new and existing YARN-based apps •  YARN Certification Program – More than 14 partners in program at launch –  Splunk* –  Elastic Search* –  Altiscale* –  Concurrent* –  Microsoft –  Platfora –  Tableau –  (IBM) DataStage –  Informatica –  Karmasphere –  and others * Already certified
  • 62. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Forum & Office Hours • YARN Forum – Community of Hadoop YARN developers – Focused on collaboration and Q&A –  http://hortonworks.com/community/forums/forum/yarn • Office Hours – http://www.meetup.com/HSquared-Hadoop-Hortonworks-User- Group/ – Bi-weekly office hours with Hortonworks engineers & architects – Every other Thursday, starting on Aug 15th from 4:30 – 5:30 PM (PST) – At Hortonworks Palo Alto HQ – West Bayshore Rd. Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA Page 62
  • 63. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 Technical Resources • ASF hadoop-2.1.0-beta – Coming soon! –  http://hadoop.apache.org/common/releases.html – Release Documentation: http://hadoop.apache.org/common/docs/r2.1.0-beta • Blogs: –  http://hortonworks.com/hadoop/yarn –  http://hortonworks.com/blog/category/apache-hadoop/yarn/ –  http://hortonworks.com/blog/introducing-apache-hadoop-yarn/ –  http://hortonworks.com/blog/apache-hadoop-yarn-background- and-an-overview/ Page 63
  • 64. © Hortonworks Inc. 2013 What Next? • Download the Book • Download the Community preview • Join the Beta Program • Participate via the YARN forum • Come see us during the YARN Office Hours • Follow us… @hortonworks Thank You! Page 64 http://hortonworks.com/hadoop/yarn