This is a PowerPoint of Rocks and Minerals. It's made for about a 3rd grade level.

1. ROCKS & MINERALS

2.  Minerals are always solid with particles in repeating patterns-
crystals
 They are only found in Nature.
 They are formed in the Earth’s mantle (from heat and
pressure) – near the surface when oxygen, calcium and
carbon combine in the ocean, and when hot, mineral-rich
water moves slowly through the cracks in the Earth’s crust.

3. EXAMPLES OF MINERALS:
Quartz Iron Calcite
Hematite Calcite Diamond

4. PROPERTIES OF MINERALS:
Streak: color of the powder left
behind when you rub a mineral
against a white tile called a streak
plate.
Luster: the way the surface of a
mineral reflects light, either metallic
(shiny) or nonmetallic (dull)
Hardness: a mineral’s ability to
resist being scratched as measured by
Mohs’s hardness scale

5. USES OF MINERALS:
Quartz makes glass. Diamonds make
jewelry.
Hematite can be
used to make art.
Many things that we
see and use every day
are made from iron.

6. What are three testers that
can be used to determine a
mineral’s hardness?
fingernail, penny, nail

7. ROCKS:
 Rocks are made up of two or more minerals.
 They are not crystals
 Some rocks form near the surface while others deep in the
crust.
 There are THREE major categories of Rocks:
1. IGNEOUS
2. SEDIMENTARY
3. METAMORPHIC

8. IGNEOUS ROCKS:
Form when melted rocks harden
Fine-grained rocks (smooth) are from lava
Coarse-grained rocks (rough) are from magma.
Obsidian Basalt Pumice Granite

9. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS:
 Formed from layers of sediment, created by
weathering, and erosion, that are dropped from Fossil
moving water, and are squeezed and stuck
conglomerate rock
together.
 Fossils are usually found in sedimentary
rocks.
 Conglomerate rocks have large pieces and
rom in shallow water
 Siltstone is made up of smaller pieces
 Limestone is made up of fine grained rock Limestone
 Sandstone is made up of grains the size of
sand.
Sandstone

10. METAMORPHIC ROCKS
Existing rocks are changed through high heat and pressure to
form different rocks
morph = change
Slate
Schist Marble
Gneiss

11. ROCK CYCLE
Like most cycles, the materials are used over and over.
Process include
weathering, erosion, deposition, melting, compaction, and
cementation.