A presentation regarding the Human-Computer Interaction (2015): Design Methodologies.
For details, visit the HCI discipline Website available at http://profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/teach/courses/hci/
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HCI 2015 (3/10) Design Methodologies
1. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
design models & methodologies
Human-Computer Interaction
2. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
“Machines certainly can solve problems,
store information, correlate,
and play games – but not with pleasure.”
Leo Rosten
3. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Goal
Developing digital products
4. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Goal
Developing digital products
product as functionality
versus
product as information
mainly in
the Web context
5. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Goal Building successful
digital products
Alan Cooper et al.,
About Face (4th Edition), 2014
6. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Reality
Software engineering is mainly focused on
the communication between applications
and developers or between teams of developers
7. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Reality
Human-Computer Interaction
considers the communication with the user
8. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Reality
Interface design requires
an important development effort
9. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Reality
Interface design represents 50% of…
design time
implementation time
maintenance time
source-code volume
10. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Necessity
Within the design processes, we’ll need to employ:
theories
models
frameworks
Rogers, 2007
11. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Necessity
Theory
gives a (rigorous, formal) clarification
of certain aspects regarding a phenomenon
12. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Necessity
Model
simplifies a given aspect about interaction
in order to facilitate choosing and/or evaluating
alternatives of design
13. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Necessity
Framework
denotes a set of interconnected concepts
and/or a set of specific problems regarding HCI
14. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning the UI design
15. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
involved disciplines & roles (Challis Hodge)
16. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Interaction Design
story creating
story telling
17. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
story creating & telling used in the context of prototyping
18. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Sensorial Design
conventional interaction
22. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Sensorial Design
natural interaction
new paradigms & expectations
augmented and virtual reality, physical computing, etc.
23. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
sensorial design in the context of automotive industry
initiatives: CarPlay (for iOS) and
MirrorLink (works with Android devices)
case study
24. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Task-centered interface design
focused on the developer’s (producer’s) goals:
easiness of implementation, the use of technology, etc.
25. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Task-centered interface design
ignores the user – e.g., usability
26. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Task-centered interface design
creating a feature-centric software:
many – never used – features
mammoth applications
27. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Task-centered interface design
encouraged by the classical
software engineering methodologies
28. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
User-centered interface design
software must please, help, protect the user
29. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
User-centered interface design
design must consider the user expectations
30. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
User-centered interface design
applications must simplify the humans’ tasks
31. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
the user is automatically
“opted in”
courtesy of Patricia Saravesi (2014)
32. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
“User experience and interface design in the context of
creating software represents an approach that
puts the user, rather than the system,
at the center of the process.
This philosophy, called user-centered design,
incorporates user concerns and advocacy from
the beginning of the design process and dictates
the needs of the user should be foremost
in any design decisions.”
MSDN, User Interface Design & Development section
33. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
User model versus implementation model
the most simple model must be adopted
Alan Cooper et al., 2014
34. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
When a model is adopted,
a certain perspective is considered
perspectives:
system
dialogue (interaction)
tools (computer as a tool)
environment (computer as a partner)
35. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
System perspective
a Gelstalt view of the whole application
36. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
System perspective
interaction is taking place in a standard,
pre-defined (sometimes rigid) format
37. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
“I am thinking about something much more important than bombs.
I am thinking about computers.” – John von Neumann (1946)
38. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
System perspective
too often, user mental model is ignored
39. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
“Demanding that users register or log in before
they can use an app or see Website information
has high interaction cost.” – Raluca Budiu (2014)
www.nngroup.com/articles/login-walls/
login wall
potential customers have
no way of knowing if they are
interested in a certain available
product/service
case study
40. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
both user and computer are seen as partners
of a certain conversation
41. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
communicative behavior similar to the human one
42. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
http://tinyurl.com/8xz8prs
43. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
reported by @johnbreslin
44. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
text
hypertext
direct manipulation
pictures & illustrations
gestures
emotional factors
…
45. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type
(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
information category
images, numbers, names, relationships,…
46. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
context: data visualization
for other examples, visit http://firsttimeux.tumblr.com/
47. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type
(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
information structure
limited set of values, lists of pairs (name, value), graphs,…
48. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
designed by Dr. Stefan Negru (2014)
49. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type
(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
information structure
datainformationknowledge
50. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type
(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
user profile and preferences
age, abilities, ethnicity, social aspects, etc.
51. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type
(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
user profile and preferences
age, abilities, ethnicity, social aspects, etc.
remember
personas?
52. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type
(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
activity type + concurrency
(collaborative) work, leisure, real-time task,…
53. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Dialogue perspective
factors concerning the choose of a dialogue type
(Stefan Trausan-Matu, 2000):
context
spatial, temporal
54. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Touch-based interaction
hand obstruction
inaccuracy of tapping
lack of haptic feedback
multi-touch issues
etc.
www.slideshare.net/pankorho/touch-uis-are-quite-different
discussion
55. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
discussion
perceptual blindness
“How do I close this pop-up?”
56. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Tools perspective
users (need to) have full and continuous control
over all tools provided by the computer and
with their help want to accomplish their goals
software as a tool
www.designinginteractions.com/downloads/DesigningInteractions_2.pdf
57. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Environment perspective
computer is considered as a communication environment
between persons
(e.g., via e-mail, chat, social applications,…)
58. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Environment perspective
the process of communication is the same,
even if software and/or types of interaction are different
59. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Aspects concerning design
Environment perspective
the process of communication is the same,
even if software and/or types of interaction are different
proliferation of multi-platform (mobile) Web applications
able to integrate social networks
60. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
How about design values?
http://noisydecentgraphics.typepad.com/design/images/2008/03/11/yourproduct.jpg
61. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
Ethical
Purposeful
Pragmatic
Elegant
Alan Cooper et al., 2007
62. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
Ethical (helpful)
do no harm, improve human situations
63. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
discussion
64. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
discussion
65. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
Purposeful (useful, usable)
help users achieve their goals and aspirations
accommodate user contexts & capacities
66. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
user expectations regarding the interface (Peter Morville)
67. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
discussion
68. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
Pragmatic (viable, feasible)
help organizations achieve their goals
accommodate business and technical requirements
69. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
70. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
Elegant (efficient, artful, affective)
represent the simplest complete solution
possess internal
(self-revealing, understandable) coherence
appropriately accommodate/stimulate
cognition and emotion
71. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busacohttp://pinterest.com/zimmatore/elegant-ui-design/ http://androidniceties.tumblr.com/
skeuomorphism versus flat design
72. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
“A visual bug seen by all your customers might do
more damage to your program’s reputation
than a rarely occurring crashing bug.”
Windows UX Guidelines, MSDN
73. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design values
“An application is powerful
when it enables its target users to realize
their full potential efficiently.”
Windows UX Guidelines, MSDN
74. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Design models and methodologies
75. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Using “classical” software engineering
methodologies
76. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Using “classical” software engineering
methodologies
cascade
spiral
RAD – Rapid Application Development
…
77. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
User-centered design methodologies
GUIDE
LUCID
STUDIO
concerning usability – ISO 13407
78. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
ideas
build
pro-
duct
mea-
sure
data
learn
iterative design methods are preferred
lean startup method (Eric Ries, 2011)
79. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Methodologies
Jesse Garrett, The Elements of User Experience (2nd Edition), New Riders, 2011
bottom to top
conceptual
framework
each plane is
dependent on
the planes below it
80. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Methodologies
Jesse Garrett, The Elements of User Experience (2nd Edition), New Riders, 2011
81. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Methodologies
Jesse Garrett, The Elements of User Experience (2nd Edition), New Riders, 2011
82. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Agile design methodologies
many factors of uncertainty
work is organized into the smallest possible batch size
in order to quickly launch the product
83. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
UX activities occurring during
the course of a single sprint
example
Lynn Pausic (2012)
84. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Agile development & Lean UX shared goals
shorten the time to market
working software over comprehensive documentation
collaboration over negotiation
responding to change over following a plan
85. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Lean UX vs. Agile UX (Marcin Treder, 2013)
86. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Lean UX processes
Will Evans & Jacklyn Burgan, Intro to Agile and Lean UX (2013)
http://www.slideshare.net/jacklynburgan/intro-leanux-turnerfinal
John Whalen, Implementing Lean UX (2013)
http://www.slideshare.net/johnwhalen/uxpa-2013-implementing-lean-ux
Figure out: who it’s for?
interviews, personas,
design target
What can the user do that
wasn’t possible before?
activity map, concept
drawing, storyboards
What features does the
user need for that?
sticky notes, sketches,
whiteboarding
Sketch it, (prototype it),
then build it
“fake it, then make it”
89. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
UCD
(user-centered design)
Lean UX
learn from users learn from users
no agile concepts uses agile concepts
no validating hypothesis validating hypothesis
no way to measure
design outcomes
measure design outcomes
90. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Methodologies could be based on certain models
91. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
conceptual models for designing a Web interface
Robert Baxley, 2003
92. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
QOC (Questions, Options, Criteria)
Maclean et al., 1991
93. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
QOC (Questions, Options, Criteria)
Maclean et al., 1991
questions regarding design key issues
94. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
QOC (Questions, Options, Criteria)
Maclean et al., 1991
questions regarding design key issues
possible options to response to each question
95. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
QOC (Questions, Options, Criteria)
Maclean et al., 1991
questions regarding design key issues
possible options to response to each question
evaluation criteria – e.g., ergonomics, accessibility,
preferred interaction method,… – concerning every option
96. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
QOC
question:
How user could pick a location for flower delivery?
discussion
97. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
QOC
question:
How user could pick a location for flower delivery?
options:
listbox, combobox, textfield, using a map,…
discussion
98. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
QOC
question:
How user could pick a location for flower delivery?
options:
listbox, combobox, textfield, using a map,…
criteria:
efficiency, keyboard-only interaction, using gestures, etc.
discussion
99. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
QOC
discussion
100. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
example: QOC for touch-based interaction
with a patient monitoring application
A. Berila, A. Bulai, C. Chiric & M. Plesca, 2012
patientmo.wordpress.com
101. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Iterative design may employ users
in the different phases of the project
102. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Iterative design may employ users
in the different phases of the project
these persons could evaluate UI
in early stages of development
103. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
from idea to the final software product
104. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Prototyping
overall view of the user interface
105. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Prototyping
proposes a design solution
no full functionality required
106. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Prototyping
could be dynamic
provides ways for experimentation
107. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Prototyping
attract users in the development process
might have an important role in testing
108. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Prototyping
adapted from Amrita Aviyente, 2013
fidelity tool
paper prototype paper + pencil
low – clickable wireframe OmniGraffle, Gliffy, MS Visio, UXPin
medium Axure RP, Adobe Illustrator
high code (e.g., HTML + CSS + JS)
109. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
paper prototype of main page for www.info.uaic.ro
(Sergiu Dumitriu, Marta Gardea, Sabin Buraga, 2006)
110. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Original Twitter Concept
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jackdorsey/182613360/
111. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Storyboard
describing the manner of presenting information,
without any functionality
http://storyboardcentral.blogspot.com/
112. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
A. Stanciu, I. Schiopu, A. Grigoriu, I. Lazar (2011) – aisquared.wordpress.com
113. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Storyboard
in the Web context, it usually consists of wireframes
114. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Wireframe
provides a general view of the structure of interface
and relationships between pages
wireframe-based design
115. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Wireframe
created in the first stage of the project
gives instructions to both designers and programmers
regarding the interface look & behavior
conceptual page layouts
116. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busacoA. Stanciu, I. Schiopu, A. Grigoriu, I. Lazar (2011) – aisquared.wordpress.com
117. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Mockup
provides a low-fidelity – full-size or scaled – prototype:
paper illustration, screenshot,…
118. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Mockup
provides a low-fidelity – full-size or scaled – prototype:
paper illustration, screenshot,…
used for demonstration, teaching, evaluation
119. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
mockups for a geolocation-based recommender system
A. Stanciu, I. Schiopu, A. Grigoriu, I. Lazar (2011) – aisquared.wordpress.com
120. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Mockup
several examples of available software tools:
Balsamiq Mockups – www.balsamiq.com
HotGloo – www.hotgloo.com
MockFlow – mockflow.com
Mocking Bird – gomockingbird.com/mockingbird/
Moqups – moqups.com
Proto.io – http://proto.io/
121. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
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Models & Methodologies
Interface assistants (wizards)
help users to dynamically create the interface
interactive prototyping
122. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
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Case study #1:
designing a Web interface for Apricado Music
http://jeff.io/posts/user-interface-wireframes
123. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Step 1: paper prototype (sketch)
signup
form
124. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
step 2: wireframe
126. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
step 4: implementation
real Web interface
(HTML+CSS)
127. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Case study #2:
UI design for an iPhone application
able to manage personal expenses
Andrei Potorac, 2011
128. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
storytelling – includes useful notes for designer/developer
129. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
from mockup to UI prototype – using the iPhone emulator
130. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
For further information:
Philipp Schroeder, “Sketching, Wireframing, Prototyping –
How to Be Agile & Avoid Half-Baked UX” (2012)
http://www.ustream.tv/recorded/25221096
Craig Brewster, “Lean UX in practice” (2013)
http://wp.me/pV32M-aU
131. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
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Models & Methodologies
Necessity of specific HCI guidelines and standards
132. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
Necessity of specific HCI guidelines and standards
to assure the quality of user interface
133. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Models & Methodologies
134. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Standards
Imposed by (inter)national organisms
examples:
ISO 9241
W3C Standards
StUX (Standards for User Experience)
135. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
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Guidelines
Provides details and design suggestions
Could list abstract principles to be used
in early stages of UI development
May resolve certain design conflicts
136. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Guidelines: examples
Android Wear Design Principles
BBC GEL (Global Experience Language)
GNOME HIG – Human Interface Guidelines
iOS Human Interface Guidelines
Samsung Smart TV UX Guideline
UX Design Guidelines for Windows Phone
Web Content Accessibility Guidelines
137. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications)
context: Web Accessibility Initiative – www.w3.org/WAI/
case study
138. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
GNOME HIG: usability principles
Design for people
Don’t limit your user base
Create a match between your application & the real world
Make your application consistent
Keep the user informed
Keep it simple and pretty
Put the user in control
Forgive the user
Provide direct manipulation
for details, read https://developer.gnome.org/hig-book/
case study
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Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
Principles for Designing Apps for Samsung TV
Simplicity
Clarify
User Control
Consistency
Feedback
Aesthetic Considerations
see also https://www.samsungdforum.com/UxGuide/
case study
140. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
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case study
Android Material Design
a guide for visual, motion,
and interaction design
across platforms & devices
https://developer.android.com/design/material/
141. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
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“Conclusion”
aspects regarding UI design
from methodologies to guidelines
142. Master on Software Engineering :: Human-Computer Interaction
Dr. Sabin-Corneliu Buraga – www.purl.org/net/busaco
next lecture:
information architecture & design patterns