An oscilloscope is a device that displays an electrical signal as a graph, with voltage on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis. There are different types of oscilloscopes including analog, digital, mixed-domain, handheld, and mixed-signal. It is important to properly ground the oscilloscope and connect probes matched to the instrument. Calibration ensures accurate measurements.
2. What is an Oscilloscope
• An oscilloscope a device that
displays a graph of an electrical
signal. the vertical (Y) axis
represents voltage and the
horizontal (X) axis represents time.
The intensity or brightness of the
display is sometimes called the Z
axis.
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
3. Types of Waves
Waveform shapes reveal a great deal
about a signal:
• A change in the height of the
waveform represents a change in
voltage.
• A flat horizontal line represents no
change for that length of time.
• Straight, diagonal lines mean a
linear change
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
4. Basics of Measurement
• Frequency and Period
If a signal repeats, it has a frequency. The frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz). A
repetitive signal also has a period, which is the amount of time it takes the signal
to complete one cycle.
• Voltage
Voltage is the amount of electric potential between two points in a circuit. The
voltage from the maximum peak to the minimum peak of a waveform is referred
to as the peak-to-peak voltage.
• Amplitude
Amplitude refers to the amount of voltage between two points in a circuit.
Amplitude commonly refers to the maximum voltage of a signal measured from
ground, or zero volts.
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
5. Types of Oscilloscopes
• Cathode-ray oscilloscope (CRO)
The earliest and simplest type of
oscilloscope consisted of a cathode
ray tube, a vertical amplifier, a time
base, a horizontal amplifier and
a power supply.
• Dual-beam oscilloscope
The dual-beam analog oscilloscope
can display two signals
simultaneously. A special dual-
beam CRT generates and deflects
two separate beams.
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
6. Types of Oscilloscopes
• Digital oscilloscopes
While analog devices make use of
continually varying voltages, digital
devices employ binary numbers
which correspond to samples of the
voltage. In the case of digital
oscilloscopes, an analog-to-digital
converter (ADC) is used to change
the measured voltages into digital
information.
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
7. Types of Oscilloscopes
• Mixed-domain oscilloscopes
A mixed-domain oscilloscope (or
MDO) has three kinds of inputs, a
small number analog channels, a
larger number of digital
channels, and one RF channel. It
provides the ability to accurately
time-correlate analog, digital, and RF
signals with each other.
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
8. Types of Oscilloscopes
• Handheld oscilloscopes
Handheld oscilloscopes (also called
scopemeters) are useful for many
test and field service applications.
• Mixed-signal oscilloscopes
A mixed-signal oscilloscope (or MSO)
has two kinds of inputs, a small
number (typically two or four) of
analog channels, and a larger
number (typically sixteen) of digital
channels.
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
9. Operating The Oscilloscope
• Proper Grounding
Ground your oscilloscope by plugging
its three-pronged power cord into an
outlet grounded to earth ground.
Grounding the oscilloscope is
necessary for safety.
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
10. Operating The Oscilloscope
• Connecting the Probes
Now you are ready to connect a
probe to your oscilloscope. A
probe, if well-matched to the
oscilloscope, will enable you to
access all of the power and
performance in the device and will
ensure the integrity of the signal
you are measuring.
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
11. Operating The Oscilloscope
• Calibrating the Instrument
When using an oscilloscope, it is very
easy to plug the oscilloscope probe in
and start making measurements.
There is a built in calibrator on every
oscilloscope for this purpose.
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
12. Thank You
Website http://www1.tek.com/in/
Contact: 000-800-650-1835
Editor's Notes
Tektronix India - 7 Times consecutive winner of EFY Readers Choice Awards offers industry-leading test and measurement equipment in India. Browse through a wide range of <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/oscilloscopes/" title="Award Winning Oscilloscopes – Tektronix India">oscilloscopes</a> and other signal testing equipment such as <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/signal-generator/" title="High Performance Signal Generators – Tektronix India">signal generators</a>, <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/spectrum-analyser/" title="High Quality Spectrum Analysers – Tektronix India">spectrum analysers<a/> etc. that deliver the impeccable performance you need to capture, display and analyze your signals every time.
The <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/oscilloscopes/" title=“High Quality Oscilloscope – Tektronix India“>oscilloscope</a> is basically a graph-displaying device that draws a graph of an electrical signal. In most applications, the graph shows how signals change over time: the vertical (Y) axis represents voltage and the horizontal (X) axis represents time. The intensity or brightness of the display is sometimes called the Z axis.
Tektronix India - 7 Times consecutive winner of EFY Readers Choice Awards offers industry-leading test and measurement equipment in India. Browse through a wide range of <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/oscilloscopes/" title="Award Winning Oscilloscopes – Tektronix India">oscilloscopes</a> and other signal testing equipment such as <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/signal-generator/" title="High Performance Signal Generators – Tektronix India">signal generators</a>, <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/spectrum-analyser/" title="High Quality Spectrum Analysers – Tektronix India">spectrum analysers<a/> etc. that deliver the impeccable performance you need to capture, display and analyze your signals every time.
Frequency and PeriodIf a signal repeats, it has a frequency. The frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz) and equals the number of times the signal repeats itself in one second, referred to as cycles per second. A repetitive signal also has a period, which is the amount of time it takes the signal to complete one cycle.VoltageVoltage is the amount of electric potential, or signal strength, between two points in a circuit. Usually, one of these points is ground, or zero volts, but not always. You may want to measure the voltage from the maximum peak to the minimum peak of a waveform, referred to as the peak-to-peak voltage.AmplitudeAmplitude refers to the amount of voltage between two points in a circuit. Amplitude commonly refers to the maximum voltage of a signal measured from ground, or zero volts.
Cathode-ray oscilloscope (CRO)The earliest and simplest type of oscilloscope consisted of a cathode ray tube, a vertical amplifier, a time base, a horizontal amplifier and a power supply. These are now called 'analog' scopes to distinguish them from the 'digital' scopes that became common in the 1990s and 2000s.Dual-beam oscilloscopeThe dual-beam analog oscilloscope can display two signals simultaneously. A special dual-beam CRT generates and deflects two separate beams. Although multi-trace analog oscilloscopes can simulate a dual-beam display with chop and alternate sweeps, those features do not provide simultaneous displays.
Tektronix India - 7 Times consecutive winner of EFY Readers Choice Awards offers industry-leading test and measurement equipment in India. Browse through a wide range of <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/oscilloscopes/" title="Award Winning Oscilloscopes – Tektronix India">oscilloscopes</a> and other signal testing equipment.
Tektronix India - 7 Times consecutive winner of EFY Readers Choice Awards offers industry-leading test and measurement equipment in India. Browse through a wide range of <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/oscilloscopes/" title="Award Winning Oscilloscopes – Tektronix India">oscilloscopes</a> and other signal testing equipment.
Tektronix India - 7 Times consecutive winner of EFY Readers Choice Awards offers industry-leading test and measurement equipment in India. Browse through a wide range of <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/oscilloscopes/" title="Award Winning Oscilloscopes – Tektronix India">oscilloscopes</a> and other signal testing equipment.
Tektronix India - 7 Times consecutive winner of EFY Readers Choice Awards offers industry-leading test and measurement equipment in India. Browse through a wide range of <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/oscilloscopes/" title="Award Winning Oscilloscopes – Tektronix India">oscilloscopes</a> and other signal testing equipment.
Tektronix India - 7 Times consecutive winner of EFY Readers Choice Awards offers industry-leading test and measurement equipment in India. Browse through a wide range of <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/oscilloscopes/" title="Award Winning Oscilloscopes – Tektronix India">oscilloscopes</a> and other signal testing equipment.
Calibrating the InstrumentWhen using an <a href="http://www1.tek.com/in/products/oscilloscopes/" title=“High Performance Oscilloscope – Tektronix India">oscilloscope</a>, it is very easy to plug the oscilloscope probe in and start to make measurements. Unfortunately oscilloscope probes need to be calibrated before they are sued to ensure that their response is flat. There is a built in calibrator on virtually every oscilloscope for this purpose. It provides a square wave output, and there is a small preset adjustor on the probe. With the oscilloscope probe connected to the output of the calibrator the shape of the waveform displayed on the screen should be adjusted until it is perfectly square. If the high frequency response of the probe is down then the edges of the square wave will be rounded. If it is up then the square wave edges will show overshoot.
Website: www1.tek.com/in/E-Mail: india.mktg@tek.comAddress: Tektronix (India) Private Limited Samrah Plaza, 4/2 , First Floor St Marks Roads Bangalore Zip Code:560001Telephone: 000-800-650-1835