Php go vrooom!

PHP Go VROOOM! How to take a site from slow to go

 This talk is for beginners This is not “how to profile PHP” This is not “how to use HipHop” This is not how to profile your network Velma would be bored (you might be too) I will no doubt rantDisclaimer

PHP is NOT your problem!**95.99% of the time

 Client Side  IO Server Side  Database  Frameworks  Hardware Let the Lecture Begin!Why your app is slow…

Client SideDo you want some Expires with that?

 http://developer.yahoo.com/yslow/ http://code.google.com/speed/page- speed/ http://tools.pingdom.com/ http://www.fiddler2.com/fiddler2/Profile – Don’t Guess!

 Make it external One file – minimized and compressed (minify) Put it at the top Use sprites for images Avoid expressions No @import Use conditional tags for IE issues, not css hacks Specific Selectors Give images dimensionsCSS

 Make it external One file – minimized and compressed (minify) Put it at the bottom Or defer the loading completely Use a well maintained framework document.write is a bad bad thingJavascript

 Use the right format – png, gif or jpg Compress that image – lots of compression tools available Keep them small Scale them on the server, not with html size/width Have a small, cacheable favicon.ico Use sprites for layoutsImages

 Keep them small Keep them very domain specificCookies (om nom nom)

 Compress, compress, compress Use a CDN and/or media server Reduce DNS Lookups No 404‟s, empty img/hrefs Avoid redirects Parallelize downloads Watch external script use! (fb, google, social anything)HTTP Requests

 Use cache control headers! ◦ Expires ◦ Last-Modified ◦ (best) ◦ Cache-Control ◦ Etag ◦ (harder to get right) Be kind to proxies as wellClient Side Caching

 http://developer.yahoo.com/performance/ rules.html http://code.google.com/speed/page- speed/docs/rules_intro.html http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2 616.html Use the GoogleReference

Server SetupHave you hugged your sysadmin today?

 Apache Bench Siege Http_Load JMeterProfile, Don’t Guess!

 Security Speed Some Pain (worth it) Compile your own – it‟s faster then the distros! ◦ Drop your debug data ◦ Tune to your architecture ◦ At the very least do PHP, Server, DatabaseUpgrade your Software

“memcache does precisely f**k all for opcode caching” – Michael MacleanThis is the #1 best way to speed up your PHP siteInstall APC (or something)

 Simple servers for static content Cache full pages and bypass PHP Dynamic images and CSS are a pain, find another solution CDN solutions are more affordable then ever before run a reverse proxy-cacheDon’t Use PHP and Use a CDN

Pick the right Tools

 Add more CPUs or more cores Add more RAM Use RAID or Solid State drives Network can definitely be a bottleneck – but like PHP it‟s the last thing to fix - hire a really smart guyHardware

 http://assets.en.oreilly.com/1/event/44/S calable%20Internet%20Architectures%20 Presentation%202.pdf http://ilia.ws/files/Moscow2010_Optimizat ion_Mistakes.pdf http://people.apache.org/~sctemme/Apco nEU2006/FR4/FR4_Performance_Up.pdf http://omniti.com/surge/2011Resources

DatabaseUse indexes people!

 Mysql – has profiler built in Postgresql – turn on logging and use analyzer on logs SQL Server – built in profiler MongoDB – built in profilerProfile – Don’t Guess!

 Do not guess Add indexes where needed Sometimes it‟s faster to do the work in PHP Log on the PHP side, count on the PHP side… then do it on the server side too Always try to do fewer queriesAnalyze your Queries

 Query Caching ◦ PHP side – cache generated queries ◦ Server side – query cache Results Caching ◦ Memcached is your friend  Libmemcached = php‟s memcached (faster, non- portable)  php sockets = php‟s memcache (slower, completely portable) ◦ File caching – sometimes IO is faster then dbCache Everything

 Use transactions as appropriate Normalize your data (or use nosql) Minimize connections to the db Foreign keys can be slower, use cautiouslyBest Practices are “Best” for aReason

 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/ optimization.html http://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Performan ce_Optimization http://msdn.microsoft.com/en- us/library/ff647793.aspxResources

PHP Optimizationecho not print… are you kidding me?

 XhProf Xdebug DBG (free and pay versions) APD – older but serviceable Inclued Memtrack Scream (also in xdebug)Profile – Don’t Guess

“We should forget about small efficiencies,say about 97% of the time: premature optimization is the root of all evil.”- Donald Knuth“Knowing when optimization is premature defines the difference between the master engineer and the apprentice.”- Theo SchlossnagleThe Boss knows Best

 In-memory sessions are faster than disk or database equivalents. (mm, apc, wincache or memcache) Cache pages partially, or fully – store in memcache, have apache bypass PHP Cache any and everything Cache in layers – browser, full page, partial page, data, query results, application settingsCache

 Gearman it Fork it Cron it Exec it Parallelization needs communication though!Farm it out

 Reflection is nice – but it is VERY slow and memory heavy This kind of job is much better when handed off to C (yaml extension, for example) Writing extra code is worth the performance improvement Just because you CAN do something in PHP just like $lang doesn‟t mean that‟s the best solutionAvoid Runtime Introspection

 Avoid lots of stats Use an opcode cache (yes, I‟m saying it AGAIN) Try not to have too many files in a directory include_path as short as possible Use absolute pathsFile and I/O

“Im saying that if your autoloader is a significant fraction of the work your app does, then you are either Doing It Wrong™, or really unlikely, Doing It Very Well Indeed™ I know which I favour” -Michael MacleanBalance Speed and MaintainabilityAutoload and Includes

 NFS is of the devil – do not use it Errors are always created, even if you don‟t see them ◦ error_reporting(-1); @ is terrible! Set and restore error handler if you know something will spit, it‟s STILL fasterVery Bad Things

 „‟ is a wee bit faster than “” echo not print Don‟t use magic methods ++$i not $i++ $_SERVER[REQUEST_TIME] not time() static methods are faster $function() not call_user_func(„function‟) arrays are faster then objectsMicro Optimizations (Here be Evil)

 http://xdebug.org https://github.com/jokkedk/webgrind https://github.com/facebook/xhprof http://pecl.php.net/package/inclued https://github.com/eexit/Inclued http://pecl.php.net/package/scream http://pecl.php.net/package/memtrackResources

FrameworksSure you wrote the code faster…Trick them into running faster…

“You are trading „development speed‟ for „processing speed‟ … all you do is waste all day reading docs to produce a half-assed project”– Bob Majdak Jr“ORMs are great for automating the sort of query that an idiot could write, and useless for anything non-trivial.”– Greg Chiassonhttp://highscalability.com/blog/2011/5/2/stack- overflow-makes-slow-pages-100x-faster-by- simple-sql-tu.htmlORMS

 Remove require/include calls and use autoloader or include_all files Avoid lots of configuration in parseable files (yaml, ini, etc) Turn off Debug features Use any sort of database caching available Watch your “dispatch loops” – write something custom if you need to Watch Plugin loading of all typesFrameworks

 Switch to another system (lots of importers) Use a cache plugin – or two, or three Keep wordpress up to date Don‟t use a lot of plugins Don‟t use the wp-db-abstraction plugin or any other plugin doing crazy things to the core It‟s just PHP, do all the PHP things too!Wordpress

 Install a Cache  Install a Cache plugin plugin Limit other Plugins  Limit other Plugins in use in use Disable anonymous  Make sure sessions debugging is off in Use a simple theme production All the other PHP  Turn off statistics stuff  All the other PHP stuffDrupal, Joomla

 http://groups.drupal.org/high-performance http://codex.wordpress.org/WordPress_Opti mization http://www.joomlaperformance.com/ http://www.brandonsavage.net/micro- optimizations-that-dont-matter/ http://weierophinney.net/matthew/archives/ 245-Autoloading-Benchmarks.html http://framework.zend.com/manual/en/perfo rmance.html http://www.endyourif.com/optimizing- cakephp-websites/ http://trac.symfony- project.org/wiki/OptimizationResources

Write it in CWhen PHP actually IS the problem

 http://emsmith.net http://joind.in/3422 auroraeosrose@gmail.com IRC – freenode – auroraeosrose #php-gtk #coappQuestions?

Php go vrooom!

by Elizabeth Smith on Jan 09, 2012

Accessibility

Categories

Tags

Upload Details

Usage Rights

Statistics

Php go vrooom! — Presentation Transcript