1. INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL WORK
DEFNITION OF SOCIOL WORK:
Social work may be defined as an art, a science, and a
profession that helps people to solve personal, group, and community problem and
attain satisfying personal, group, and community relationships through social work
practice.
PRINCIPLES:
 A problem exists everywhere
 Every person is unique and environment has an effect on the person
 Any situation can be changed
 Trained social worker
 It is professional
 Social work is possible to some extent only with community cooperation
PROCESS OF SOCIAL WORKER:
 Intake - Analyses the problem that is present in a situation.
 Study - Learn the problem , about its cause etc.,
 Social Diagnosis (analyzing a problem) - analyses what is the problem
and situation. Plan what is to be done to solve the problem plan the
treatment
 Treatment
 Support
 Clarification (doubts of the social worker about the client
will be clarified)
 Insight ( finding the root cause of a problem)
 Identification (Finding an actual problem maker/reason
responsible for the problem)
 Resources utilization
 Evaluation (To check our progress whether we are going
in a correct way this was done periodically at every stage )

2.  Environmental modification(change the surrounding
environment of the affected person)
 Rehabitation (to help the person to come to a normal life after
treatment)
International Association of schools of social work International Federation of
social work profession promotes social changes, problem solving in human
relationship and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance wellbeing
utilizing theories of human behavior and social system. Social work intervenes at
the point where people interact with their environment, principles of human rights
and social justice or fundamental of social work.
Social work should be deal like profession. It has its own techniques.
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT:
History of social work started from USA and UK in 1200.
1531 – HERRY VIII – identification of beggars.
Beggars were banned in public and give a separate place for them.
Able body homes were formed and people were give jobs.
1601 – Elizabeth.
USA – 1776 war of independence – church – main agency for social services.
1800 – 1900 – Adam smith theory.
1900 onwards – committee – William committee.
Profession of social work started to flourish in Europe with starting of charity
organization/association.
1898 – New York school of Philanthropy.
1917 – NY school of social work.
1929 – Economic depression – Federal emergency relief act – need of trained
social worker.

3. 1935 – Social security act.(in USA)
1939 – PG first introduced in American school of social work. USA National
council on social work education started .
1960 – Anti-poverty – Martin Ruther King USA National council on social work
education was started.
IN INDIA:
Started from joint family system in rural areas.
Annie Besant, Raja Ram Mohan Roy given enlightment about social work.
Mumbai – NGO – American Marathi mission.
Clifford Marshal – 1925 – started his work in slums – founder of Nagpada
neighborhood house
approach Tata group 1936 – Sir Doraliji Tata School of social science – 1944 –
changed to Tata institution of social science.
1947 – School of social work started in Gujarat and Varanasi.
Gujarat Vidhyapeed, Khesi Vidhyapeed.
1948 – Delhi school of social work.
1950 – Baroda school of social work.
1960 – Madras school of social work.
1962 – Psg school of social work.
1970 – Madurai school of social work.
1980 – Bishop college Trichi. Screed hearts college in Tirupatur.

4. ETHICS OF SOCIAL WORK:
- Given by National Association of social workers {1980}
 Social worker:
Propriety
Competence and professional development
Service
Scholarship and research
 Social workers ethical responsibility to client
Giving importance to clients interest
Like and prerogatives to clients
Confidentiality and privacy
Fees
 Social workers ethical responsibility to colleagues
Respect, Fairness and Courtesy
 Social workers ethical responsibilities to employer and employer
organization
Commitment
 To social work profession
Maintain the integrity of the profession
Community service
Development of knowledge
 To society
Promoting the general welfare.
SOCIAL SERVICE AND SOCIAL WELFARE:
DEFNITION OF SOCIAL SERVICE:
“Rendering of beneficial to other out of religious or rituals
favor or by an in and urge to do something for others without a desire for material
rewards”
- S.DASDUPTHA.
It is a curative measure not a preventive measure.

5. It is tempravery.
There is no need to learn an recourse to do social work.
DEFNITION OF SOCIAL WELFARE:
“Social welfare is the service intended to meet special needs of
individuals and groups who are in disadvantage position need for help”
- PAUL CHAUDRU
It is not tempravery .It should be carry on in a particular
situation/time.
It is mainly done by government and NGOs through different
schemes.
Main idea of social welfare is to rehabilitate the needy.
Proper planning is required for social welfare.
It is an organized form.
SOCIAL WORK PROFESSIONAL:
“Professional is a worker required to process a large body of knowledge
delight from extensive academic study with the training almost always formulized”
PROFESSIONAL FORMULATED:
The thing which professional should have:
 Ethics
 Values
 Providing Training
 Thought through Education
 Regulation
 Association to regulate
 Autonomy(Independent)
 Social status

6.  Power
This are been present in the social work so it is called as
professional.
ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL WORK AS PROFESSIONAL:
 Purpose
 Value,Ethics,Standerds
 Sanction
 Knowledge
 Skills
ATTRIBUTES:
 Body of knowledge (no limit)
 Continued occupation
 Standardized occupation
 Responsible public respect and relation
METHODES OR TECHNIQUES OF SOCIAL WORK:
 Social work
 Social group work
 Community organization and development
 Social welfare administration
 Social action
 Social work research
SOCIAL GROUP WORK:
“Social group work is a psychological process which is
concerned with developing leadership with ability and cooperation than with
building on the interest of the group of social purpose”

7. During 1906, Chicago school of civics was organizing some of guidance programs.
Initially, it comes into existent in school of applied social science .
Western Reserve University in the name of group service in 1920.
Started in USA the first group work on 1937 in Western Reserve University.
Grace Choir explained group work and made it into more systematic.
Group psych trophy – specialized groups – depression etc. – provide psych trophy.
Group work and psych trophy coincide.
Clara Kaiser worked with first group work project.
Konapka - written book on group work.
1950 – Journal for social work began to come out .Group work courses started to
spread to other countries.
APPROACHES TO GROUP WORK:
 Long term/short term
 Individual/group oriented
 Crisis intervention
 Closed/open groups
COMMUNITY OREGANISATION:
HISTORY:
Elizabeth poor law comes into existence. They are mainly done in
settlement houses.
USA was the pioneer of the community organization.
Charity organization society was formed in 1877 in the influence of
London charity organization society.
Community chest and community council was formed in 1917-1935.

8. American association for community organization was formed in
1918. Its name was later converted into community council.
National conference of social work on 1938-1939 gave initiative to
take community organization as on in social work.
National conference of social work In Buffalo on 1940 organized
association of study of community organization.
Community organisation was recognized and include as a method of
social work in American school of social work in 1950.
Association of study of community organisation was merged with 6
professional association and national association for social worker on 1955.
“Community organisation for social work” was a book by Wayne Mc
Milens in1945 it was first book in community organisation.
INDIA:
Community development and organisation in India is mainly done
with help of reform movements among them main reform movement is done by
Mahatma Gandhi according to them forming community organisation is to achieve
the goal of a community or a society.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Banerjee were the other pioneers.
But the shape to community organisation was mainly given by TATA
Institution for social science.
MEANING:
Community organisation means organizing community to achieve a
community goal. Community development is an long process this cannot in short
term, it is goal oriented thing it will take long tenure. This can be achieved by only
through community organisation.
One day awareness program will be called as a community
organisation.
This can be done only by NGO’s and Government.

9. PRA – Participatory rural appraisal.
This is the important tool to organize a community organizational
developmental program.
SOCIAL WORK RESEARCH:
This is a systematic critical investigation of question in the social
welfare field with the purpose of yielding answers to the problem of social work
and of extending and generalizing social work knowledge and concept.
Pure – theoretical
Applied – systematical
STEPS FOR SOCIAL WORK RESARCH:
 Selection of state
 Constitution of work research
 Investigation and study of material related to
problem
 Collection of data
 Analyses and interpretation of data
 Conclusion
CONCEPT:
 Social work is an applied research
 Social work addressed to problems
 Main function is to produce knowledge
 To improve and enlarge the techniques of
diagnosis and treatment
 To develop the efficiency of social work agency
 To apprise and measure the community need to
add to the general knowledge

10. AREA OF RESEARCH:
 Any personalized executive of an company about job satisfaction, training,
evaluation, etc.
 In community level to diagnosis the actual problem in society.
 To find effectiveness of existing program by welfare agency, government,
etc.
 To find needy people in the community.
 To find drawback adequate need in a social welfare agency.
 Fundraising
 Availability of finance resource
 Technique and methods to solve a problem.
TOOLS:
 Observation
 Interview
 Questioner
 Sensex
 RESERCH DESIGN: to design a path to undergo an research
SOCIAL ACTION:
Social action is mass betterment to propaganda social legislation.
 A method of bringing about a change in the social environment
of the client – MARY RICHMEN -1922
ELEMENTS:
 Cause
 Change agent
 Change strategy
 Change target

11. SOCIAL WELFARE ADMINISTRATION
MEANING:
Social welfare is an institution comprising policies and laws, that are
operationalized by organized activities of voluntary and/or governmental agency
by which a defined minimum of social service, money, and other conceptions are
distributed to individuals, families, groups by criteria other than those of the
market place or those prevailing in the family system for the purpose of
preventing, alerting, or contributing to the solution of recognized social problem
so as to improve the wellbeing of the individual, groups, and communities directly.
DEFNITION – ADMINISTRATION:
“It is a process of defining and attaining objectives of an organisation
through a system of coordination and cooperative effort”
DEFNITION - SOCIAL WELFARE ADMINISTRATION:
“Social welfare administration is a process of efficiently providing resource
and service to meet the needs of individuals, families, groups, communities to
facilities social relationship and adjustment necessary to social functionang”
FUNCTIONS:
PRINCIPLES:
UNIT - IV
FIELDS OF SOCIAL WORK
SCHOOL SOCIAL WORK:
Settlement houses – social problem solving of students
First social work in school was started in Boston in New York during 19th
century
Employ social work in 1990 in Chicago
When a job of teacher was over in school from there the social workers work
starts

12. It covers many areas like:
 Family problem
 Psychological problem
 Social problem
 Learning disability
 IQ problem
Concept applied by school social worker:
 RTI - response to interview
 SEL – social and emotional learning
NGO:
Registered under the act 1882(social act) and corporations society act (2002)
CHARACTERSTICS:
 Requested under the body act
 Ample number of programs
 Service
 Own purpose
 Socio economic development
 Fund
AREA OF WORKING:
 THNGO (Technical Assistance)
 CSGO (Civil Society)
TYPES:
 INGO – International Non – government organisation
 VINGO d– business oriented
 ENGO – environment
 GNGO – governmental oriented
 GUANGO – partially autonomous Ngo’s

13. UNIT – V
FIELD WORK IN SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION:
 It is an practical learning
 Training education
 Implication and application of theoretical method studies(like laws)
 Developing organizing skill
 Developing managing skill
 Developing observing skill
 It equip our professional skill
 Practical implementation of ethics and values in its field
 To know resource present in the community it may be about person,
place, NGO’s, etc.
 Function of an organisation
 Help to handle disability with help of empathy and not with help of
sympathy
 Finding the thing lacking in the community
 It make us to move freely in community
 It make us to become more creative
 It will give patent in every situation
 It help us to solve the problem
 Documentation and recording
 Help in evaluating our performance
 It will help to improve our own self
 Fund getting from government and also from other private concern
 You will become down to earth
 Try to connect themselves with others