2. Do not confront, or argue with the individual.
This is not productive, and can often make the
situation worse.

3. If the person says something that you do not agree
with, let it be and move on.

4. Redirect the individual, and try to steer the
conversation around the distressing subject.

5. Distract the individual.
Try to provide an activity in which the person can
participate and find meaning.

6. Always try to find the meaning and emotions
underlying what is said.
It is important to validate the individual’s feelings.
Remember, what the individual is experiencing is
real to him or her, so it is important to not
undervalue his or her feelings.

7. Many problem behaviors are reactions to stress or
nervousness.
Try to reassure and comfort the person.
This can be achieved through verbal or non-verbal
means.

8. Make use of external memory aids, like a memory
book or wallet.
These can help reduce perseverations or
confabulation by reminding the individual of
certain things (i.e., where the bathroom is, who
his/her spouse is).

9. Family Caregiver Alliance. (2004). Caregiver's
guide to understanding dementia behaviors.
Retrieved from
https://www.caregiver.org/caregivers-guide-
understanding-dementia-behaviors