The document summarizes the coin designs from various Greek cities in the 2nd century BC. Key details include: - Many coins featured gods/goddesses associated with the particular city such as Athena for Athens and Apollo for Delphi. - Events and myths sometimes depicted include the founding myths of cities and festivals honoring key deities. - Political changes could influence designs, such as Athens introducing a new owl/amphora coin after gaining new territories from Rome. - Coins from some cities referenced important local sanctuaries or cult statues like the colossal Apollo statue at Apollonia.

1. The Great Transformation.
Civic coin design in the 2nd Century BC
Andrew Meadows

3. Athens (162/1 BC)
Obv. Head of Athens in triple crested helmet r.
Rev. Owl standing on amphora

4. Chalcis

5. Etretria
Obv. Bust of Artemis to right wearing a necklace, earring and a chiton, and
with her bow and quiver over her left shoulder
Rev. Steer standing right, its head, adorned with a taenia, turned towards the
viewer; all within laurel wreath

6. Thasos Maroneia

7. Athens

8. Chalcis

9. Eretria

10. Thasos

11. Maroneia

12. Samothrace

13. Odessus
Obv. Head of TheosMegasr.
Rev. TheosMegas draped standing l., holding bowl and cornucopia

14. ApolloniaPontica

15. Cyzicus

16. Parium

17. Pergamum(?)
Obv. Head of Demeter r.
Rev. Kabeiroi standing facing

18. Abydos

19. Alexandria Troas

20. Confederation of Athena Ilias
Obv. Head of Athena helmeted r.
Rev. Athena Ilias standing right, holding distaff and filleted spear; at her feet,
owl standing right to right, winged caduceus to left.

21. Tenedos

22. Aegae
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. r., bow and quiver over shoulder
Rev. Zeus standing left, holding eagle and lotus-tipped sceptre

23. Kyme

24. Myrina
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. r.
Rev. Apollo Gryneios standing r., holding branch and phiale; omphalos
and amphora at his feet

25. Mytilene

26. Klazomenae

27. Kolophon

28. Lebedos
Obv. Head of Athena r., wearing crested Attic helmet.
Rev. Owl standing facing on club, between two diademed cornucopiae

29. Magnesia

30. Miletus

31. Priene

32. Smyrna
Obv. Head of the Amazon Smyrna(?)
Rev. Ethnic with wreath

33. Teos

34. Samos

35. Alabanda (as Antioch)
Obv. Head of Apollo Isotimoslaur. l.
Rev. Pegasus r.

36. Cnidus

37. HerakleiaLatmos
Obv. Head of Athena r. in triple-crested helmet
Rev. Club

38. Myndos
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. r.
Rev. Winged fulmen

39. Kos

40. Sardis
Obv. Head of Herakles in lion-scalp r.
Rev. Zeus Lydios standing l. holding eagle(?) and sceptre

41. Phaselis

42. Perge
Obv. Head of Artemis r.
Rev. Artemis standing l. with stag.

43. Cnidus
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. r.
Rev. Artemis Hyakinthotrophosl.

44. Cnidus
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. r.
Rev. Artemis Hyakinthotrophosl.

45. The Epiphany of Artemis
Hyakinthotrophos
Knidos shows:
καὶπά]|[ζα]νζποςδὰνκαὶθιλοηιμίανποιοςμένοςπεπὶ
[ηᾶρἐπαςξή]|[ζιο]ρηᾶνηιμᾶνηᾶρἈπηάμιηορηᾶρἹακςνθ[οηπόθος] |
[κα]ὶηὰρθςζίαρκαὶἀθικεηείαρκαὶπομπὰρ
[ζςνηεηε]|[λε]κόηορδιὰηὰργεγενημέναρὑπ᾽αὐηᾶ[ρἐπιθανεί]|[αρ]
καὶδιὰηαῦηαποηαγοπεύζανηοραὐηὰν [θεὸνἘπιθα]|[νῆ]
καὶθςζίανκαὶἀγῶναρζςνηελεῖνηᾶιθ[εῶικαηὰπεν]|[ηα]εηηπίδαμο
ςζικόνηεκαὶγςμνικὸν… SEG 38.812 (A), 4-10
Kos recognises: ηάνηεθςζίανκαὶηὸρἀγῶναρηὸρ |
ζςνηελεςμένορὑπ᾽αὐηῶνηᾶιἈπηάμιηιηᾶιἹακςνθοηπόθωιθεᾶ[ι]|
ἘπιθανεῖἰζοπςθίορSEG 38.812 (B), 15-17

46. Magnesia

47. Colophon
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. r.
Rev. Apollo Klarios standing r. holding filleted branch, right hand placed
on lyre

48. Epiphany of Apollo Klarios
[- - - - - - - - -] π[- - -]
[- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -]σ. . [- - -]
[. . . .] παπαγενόμενοι . . . . .[ππεζ-]
4 βεςηαὶΠοζῆρΕὐπόπος . .[- - - ηό]
[- - - -]
ηοῦἱεποῦκαὶηὰρἐπιθανείαρ [- - - Ἀ-]
[- - - -]
8 [γςμνικόνηε]
[ος]ζικὸνἐπὶθςμέλαρ [- - - -]
[ αεηηπίδαηῶιθεῶι [- - - - -]
[. . . .]επεπὶηᾶρἀζςλία[ρ - - - -]
12 [. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .] ικαὶἐπιζ.[- - - - -]
[- - - - - - - - - - - - -] .[- - - - - - - - - - - -]
SEG 33.973

49. Pergamum

50. Clazomenae

51. Thasos
Obv. Head of Dionysus r.
Rev. Herakles standing l. holding club

52. Maroneia
Obv. Head of Dionysus r.
Rev. Dionysus standing l. holding grapes and nathex stalks

53. Parium
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. r.
Rev. Apollo Aktaios standing l., holding bow in l. and laurel branch in r,

54. Alexandria Troas
Obv. Head of Apollo l.
Rev. Apollo Smintheus standing r. holding bow and bowl.

55. Confederation of Athena Ilias
Obv. Head of Athena helmeted r.
Rev. Athena Ilias standing right, holding distaff and filleted spear; at her feet,
owl standing right to right, winged caduceus to left.

56. Samos
Obv. Head of Zeus laur. r.
Rev. Cult statue of Hera facing.

57. Mytilene
Obv. Head of Zeus Ammonlaur. r. with ram’s horn.
Rev. Cult statue of bearded Dionysos facing, wearing a polos

58. ApolloniaPontica
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. r.
Rev. Apollo standing facing, head left, on low basis, holding laurel branch
in r., in which a bird is perched, bow and two arrows in l.

59. ApolloniaPontica
• Strabo 7.6.1: The greater part of Apollonia
was founded on a certain isle, where there
is a temple of Apollo, from which Marcus
Lucullus carried off the colossal statue of
Apollo, a work of Calamis, which he set up
in the Capitolium.
• Pliny 34.18: As to boldness of design, the
examples are innumerable; for we see
designed, statues of enormous bulk,
known as colossal statues and equal to
towers in size. Such, for instance, is the
Apollo in the Capitol, which was brought
by M. Lucullus from Apollonia, a city of
Pontus, thirty cubits in height, and which
cost five hundred talents

60. Cos
Obv. Head of Korer.
Rev. Asclepius standing r, resting l. on snake-staff

62. Cyzicus
Obv. Head of KoreSoteira laureate r.
Rev. Torch

63. Cyzicus and the Soteria
ὁθεὸρἔσ[πηζεηάδε·ἐπειδὴ]
ἐπιηεηελέκ[αηεηὰνθςζίανκαὶ]
[ονηᾶιΚόπαι] 4
ηᾶιΣωηείπαικαλῶ[ρκαὶεὐζεβέ]-
ωρκαὶεὐηςσῶρ, λώϊον [ἐζζεῖηαι]
[ηεζ]-
ζινἐρἀνθπώποςρἱεπὰνηὰνπ[ό]- 8
λινοὖζανκαηὰηοὺρσπ[η]ζμοὺρ
καὶηὰνθςζίανηᾶρ θεᾶρ.
(SEG 28.670)
For Rhodes see SGDI 3752

64. Athens (162/1 BC)
Obv. Head of Athens in triple crested helmet r.
Rev. Owl standing on amphora

65. “In 167, the Roman Senate rewarded the Athenians with
control of Delos, Lemnos, Imbros, and Skyros….
Delegations from these four islands very probably took
part in the succeeding Great Panathenaia in 166/5. The
importance of the celebration and its clear association
with the identity of the city may be seen in the
introduction at just this time of Athenian new-style
coinage which, on the reverse, showed an owl standing
on a horizontal Panathenaic amphora and surrounded by
an olive crown. Although this new type may be
connected with the political events of the 160’s, it could
equally have been intended to celebrate the 400th
anniversary of the Great Panathenaia and it emphasized
the close connection between the city, the goddess, and
the festival” (Shear, p. 615).

66. Myrina

67. Ptolemy V Epiphanes

68. Antiochus IV

69. Antiochus IV

70. Antiochus IV

71. When the people decided to use its own
bronze coinage, both so that the city’s coin
type should be used as the current type, and
so that the people should receive the profit
from this revenue, and chose men who would
safeguard this trust piously and justly, Menas
was appointed and, together with his
colleague, showed the appropriate care. As a
result, through the justice and pride of these
men, the people uses its own coinage.’ (GIBM
1000; IGSK Sestos1, ll. 43-49)

74. Eumenes II

77. Samothrace
Obv. Head of Athena in Corinthian helmet l.
Rev. Cybele seated l. on throne holding phiale and scepter; beneath
throne, seated lion.

78. Lampsacus
Obv. Bearded head of Priaposr. wearing ivy-wreath
Rev. Apollo Citharoedusr.

79. Orophernes of Cappadocia (160-156 BC)

80. Phaselis
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. l.
Rev. Athena standing l., resting l. on spear, extended r. supporting Nike
who holds wreath in r. and stylis in l.

81. Priene
Obv. Head of Athena in triple crested helmet r.
Rev. Bias of Priene standing facing holding staff; to r., tripod.

82. Cnidus
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. r.
Rev. Artemis Hyakinthotrophosl.

83. Tenedos
Obv. Janiform male and female head
Rev. Axe

84. Kyme
Obv. Head of the Amazon Kymer., hair bound with taenia
Rev. Horse prancing r.; below, one-handled cup

85. Myndos
Obv. Head of Apollo laur. r.
Rev. Winged fulmen