NoSQL Taiwan 分享 蘇國鈞 / Monster Supreme

1. .
.
Spring Data MongoDB
蘇國鈞
monster.kcsu@gmail.com
http://www.facebook.com/monster.kcsu
November 17, 2012

2. . Profile
國立台灣大㈻電機工程㈻研究所畢業
現任 ㈾訊工業策進會 數位教育研究所
㈾訊技術訓練㆗心 教㈻組長
在 Java 領域㈲㈩多年的講師教㈻經驗
熟悉 XML/Web Services、Design
Patterns、EJB/JPA 等 Java EE 規格，
Struts/Spring/Hibernate 等 Open Source
Framework，與 JBoss AS、GlassFish 等
Application Server
目前負責雲端運算相關技術的推廣，主要包
括 Apache Hadoop、Google App Engine、
Microsoft Azure 等 Cloud Platform，與
iOS、Android、Windows Phone 等 Smart
Handheld Device 端的整合運用

3. . Outline
.
1 MongoDB
.
2 MongoDB Java Driver
.
3 Spring Data MongoDB

4. .
1 MongoDB
.
2 MongoDB Java Driver
.
3 Spring Data MongoDB

5. MongoDB
. http://www.mongodb.org/
MongoDB：
2007 年 10gen 公司以 C/C++ 開發
GNU-AGPL 授權，也可以談其他授權方式
2009 年 11 ㈪推出 1.0 版
是 Document-Oriented Database
每個 Database 都是以檔案的型式存在
是㆒個比較㆒般化的 NoSQL 解決方案
希望結合 RDBMS 與 Key/Value Store ㊝點
盡量提供像 RDBMS 那麼強大的查詢功能
㊜合用在 Web App、Internet 架構的環境
目前最新是 2012 年 10 ㈪ 的 2.2.1 版

6. . RDBMS vs. MongoDB
RDBMS MongoDB
Database Database
Table Collection
Record/Row Document
Column Field
Primary Key _id

7. . Document
1 {
2 _id: ObjectId('4bd9e8e17cefd644108961bb'),
3 title: 'Adventures in Databases',
4 url: 'http://example.com/databases.txt',
5 author: 'msmith',
6 vote_count: 20,
7 created: 'Sat Oct 6 2012 14:36:58 GMT+0800 (PST)'
8
9 tags: ['databases', 'mongodb', 'indexing'],
10
11 image:
12 {
13 url: 'http://example.com/db.jpg',
14 caption: '',
15 type: 'jpg',
16 size: 75381,
17 data: "Binary"
18 }
19 }

8. . JavaScript Shell
Shell：
MongoDB 的 Client 端
互動方式不是透過熟悉的 SQL
而是 JavaScript 與㆒組簡單的 API
Shell Command：
help 與 exit
show dbs 與 show collections
use databaseName
新增：db.collectionName.insert(...)
刪除：db.collectionName.remove(...)
查詢：db.collectionName.find(...)
修改：db.collectionName.update(...)

9. . JavaScript Shell Command
1 var obj = db.runCommand({geoNear: "zips", near: [-118.406477, 34.090107]});
2 var results = obj.results;
3 var city = {};
4 var dis = 0;
5 for (var i = 0 ; i < results.length ; i++) {
6 city = results[i].obj;
7 dis = results[i].dis;
8 print("City = " + city.city + " Distance = " + dis);
9 }

10. . JavaScript Shell Output

11. .
1 MongoDB
.
2 MongoDB Java Driver
.
3 Spring Data MongoDB

12. Java Driver
. https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-java-driver/downloads
MongoDB 的 Language Support，稱為 Driver：
主要的 Language mongodb.org 都㈲支援
㈲㆒些 Language 則是由 Community 支援
Interface 盡量㈲相同的 Method
Data Structure 盡量結合 Language ㈵性
Java Driver：
目前最新是 2012 年 10 ㈪出的 2.9.3 版
Wrapper：Morphia for Java

13. Object/Document Mapping 方式
. http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/aggregation-examples/
1 {
2 "city" : "BEVERLY HILLS",
3 "loc" : [ -118.406477, 34.090107 ],
4 "pop" : 20700,
5 "state" : "CA",
6 "_id" : "90210"
7 }
1 public class City implements Serializable {
2 private String city;
3 private double[] loc;
4 private int pop;
5 private String state;
6 private String id;
7 }
1 public class Location implements Serializable {
2 private double longitude;
3 private double latitude;
4 }

14. . MongoDB Java Driver 連線建立方式
1 public class MongoDBUtils {
2 private static Mongo mongo = null;
3
4 static {
5 try {
6 mongo = new Mongo("localhost", 27017);
7 }
8 catch (UnknownHostException ex) {
9 System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
10 }
11 }
12
13 public static DB getDB(String dbName) {
14 return mongo.getDB(dbName);
15 }
16
17 public static DBCollection getCollection(String dbName, String colName) {
18 return mongo.getDB(dbName).getCollection(colName);
19 }
20 }

15. . MongoDB Java Driver ㈾料存取方式
1 public class CityFinder {
2 public static void main(String[] args) {
3 DBCollection collection =
4 MongoDBUtils.getCollection("cities", "zips");
5
6 BasicDBObject doc = new BasicDBObject();
7 doc.put("_id", "90210");
8 doc = (BasicDBObject) collection.findOne(doc);
9
10 System.out.println(doc);
11
12 Gson gson = new Gson();
13 City city = gson.fromJson(doc.toString(), City.class);
14
15 System.out.println("City = " + city.getCity());
16 System.out.println("Longitude = " + city.getLoc()[0]);
17 System.out.println("Latitude = " + city.getLoc()[1]);
18 }
19 }

16. .
1 MongoDB
.
2 MongoDB Java Driver
.
3 Spring Data MongoDB

17. Spring Data
. http://www.springsource.org/spring-data

18. . Spring Data
希望能夠透過 Spring 整合重要的㈾料存取技術：
透過 Spring 存取 RDBMS、NoSQL、與
MapReduce Framework
基本㆖只是個技術統稱，每個 RDBMS/
NoSQL 的存取方式都不盡相同
目前 Spring Data 家族包括：
Spring Data Hadoop
Spring Data JPA
Spring Data MongoDB
Spring Data Neo4j
…

19. Spring Data MongoDB
. http://www.springsource.org/spring-data/mongodb

20. . Spring Data MongoDB
希望能夠透過 Spring 整合 MongoDB 這種
Document 型態的㈾料存取技術
提供高階的 Template 封裝對 Document 的
相關操作，跟 Spring 整合 JDBC 與
Hibernate 的方式很類似
可以整合 Spring 的 IoC 與 Data Access
Exception Hierarchy 等功能，也可以直接使
用高階的 Template 支援
官方文件裡面也稱為 Spring Data Document
或 DATADOC

21. . Spring Data MongoDB 系統需求
Java SE 6
MongoDB 1.6.5
2.2 版開始不支援 XP
MongoDB Java Driver
Spring Framework 3.0.x
JCL (Apache/Jakarta Commons Logging)
Spring Data Commons
SLF4J
SLF4J-JCL + JCL
Spring Data MongoDB
(Optional) Google GSON 或 Jackson 之類
的 JSON Processor

22. . Spring Data MongoDB 主要功能
High-Level Template-Style Support
MongoTemplate 與 MongoOperations 等相關類別與介面
Java-Based Query Interface
Query 與 Criteria 等相關類別
Repository Programming Approach
Repository 等相關介面

23. Spring Data MongoDB 切入點
http://static.springsource.org/spring-data/data-mongodb/docs/current/
. reference/html/#mongo.mongo-java-config
MongoDB Java Driver：
Mongo 類別
Spring Data MongoDB：
MongoDbFactory 介面與 SimpleMongoDbFactory 類別
<mongo:mongo> 或 <mongo:db-factory>
MongoTemplate 類別

24. . MongoTemplate
Spring Data MongoDB 的核心
實作 MongoOperations 介面，模擬 Collection 相關功能
預設透過 MongoMappingConverter 類別提供
Object-Document Mapping 功能
提供方便的 CRUD 相關操作
所㈲的 Exception 都轉換為 Spring 的
DataAccessException
提供 Callback 機制㈺叫 Java Driver 的 API
Thread-Safe

25. SpringSource Tool Suite 組態設定
. http://www.springsource.org/sts

26. . MongoTemplate 宣告方式
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <beans
3 xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
4 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
5 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
6 xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo"
7 xsi:schemaLocation=
8 "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
9 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
10 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
11 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
12 http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo
13 http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.1.xsd>
14
15 <mongo:db-factory id="mongoDbFactory"
16 host="localhost" port="27017" dbname="cities" />
17
18 <bean id="mongoTemplate"
19 class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">
20 <constructor-arg name="mongoDbFactory" ref="mongoDbFactory" />
21 </bean>
22 </beans>

27. . MongoTemplate 取得方式
1 public class MongoDBUtils {
2 private static ApplicationContext factory = null;
3 private static MongoTemplate mongoTemplate = null;
4
5 static {
6 factory =
7 new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
8 mongoTemplate = (MongoTemplate) factory.getBean("mongoTemplate");
9 }
10
11 public static MongoTemplate getMongoTemplate() {
12 return mongoTemplate;
13 }
14 }

28. . Spring Data MongoDB ㈾料存取方式
1 public class CityFinder {
2 public static void main(String[] args) {
3 MongoOperations mongoOps = MongoDBUtils.getMongoTemplate();
4
5 Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("_id").is("90210"));
6 System.out.println("Found = " + mongoOps.count(query, "zips"));
7
8 City city = mongoOps.findOne(query, City.class, "zips");
9 double[] loc = city.getLoc();
10 System.out.println("City = " + city.getCity());
11 System.out.println("Location = [" + loc[0] + ", " + loc[1] + "]");
12 }
13 }

29. MongoConverter
http://static.springsource.org/spring-data/data-mongodb/docs/current/
. reference/html/#mapping-chapter
負責 Object-Document Mapping 功能
提供 SimpleMappingConverter 與 MongoMappingConverter 等實作
類別，預設使用 MongoMappingConverter 類別
可以直接對 Domain Object 進行轉換，也可
以提供 Metadata 輔助轉換
_id 預設會對應到 id 或㈲ @Id 註記的欄位，型
別支援 String、ObjectId 與 BigInteger
各種型別的對應會透過 MongoTypeMapper 介面的實
作類別來進行，預設是 DefaultMongoTypeMapper 類別

30. Metadata Mapping
http://static.springsource.org/spring-data/data-mongodb/docs/current/
. reference/html/#mapping-chapter
@Document(collection="collectionName")
@Field(value="fieldName")
@Id
@Indexed
@CompoundIndex
@GeoSpatialIndexed
@DBRef
…

31. . Embedding Document 表示方式
1 @Document(collection="publishers")
2 public class Publisher implements Serializable {
3 @Id
4 private String publisherId;
5 private String publisherName;
6 }
1 @Document(collection="books")
2 public class Book implements Serializable {
3 @Id
4 private BigInteger bookId;
5 @Field(value="title")
6 private String title;
7 private Publisher publisher;
8 }

32. . Embedding Document Client 端
1 public class BookManager {
2 public static void main(String[] args) {
3 MongoOperations mongoOps = MongoDBUtils.getMongoTemplate();
4 mongoOps.dropCollection("booklistings");
5
6 Publisher publisher = new Publisher("OA", "O'Reilly & Associates");
7 Book book1 = new Book("MongoDB: The Definitive Guide", publisher);
8 Book book2 = new Book("MongoDB技術手冊", publisher);
9 mongoOps.insert(book1);
10 mongoOps.insert(book2);
11
12 Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("title").regex(".*Mongo.*"));
13 Book book = mongoOps.findOne(query, Book.class, "booklistings");
14 System.out.print("Publisher = ");
15 System.out.println(book.getPublisher().getPublisherName());
16 }
17 }

33. . Embedding Document 輸出結果

34. . DBRef Document 表示方式(雙向)
1 @Document(collection="books")
2 public class Book implements Serializable {
3 @Id
4 private BigInteger bookId;
5 private String title;
6 @DBRef
7 private Publisher publisher;
8 }
1 @Document(collection="publishers")
2 public class Publisher implements Serializable {
3 @Id
4 private String publisherId;
5 private String publisherName;
6 @DBRef
7 private List<Book> books = new ArrayList<Book>(0);
8 }

35. . DBRef Document Client 端(雙向)
1 public class TwoWayBookManager {
2 public static void main(String[] args) {
3 MongoOperations mongoOps = MongoDBUtils.getMongoTemplate();
4 mongoOps.dropCollection("publishers");
5 mongoOps.dropCollection("books");
6
7 Publisher publisher = new Publisher("OA", "O'Reilly & Associates");
8 mongoOps.insert(publisher);
9
10 Book book1 = new Book("MongoDB: The Definitive Guide", publisher);
11 Book book2 = new Book("MongoDB技術手冊", publisher);
12 mongoOps.insert(book1); mongoOps.insert(book2);
13
14 List<Book> bookList = mongoOps.find(new Query(), Book.class);
15 publisher.setBooks(bookList);
16 mongoOps.save(publisher);
17
18 // 以㆖為止OK，底㆘會產生例外
19 Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("title").regex(".*Mongo.*"));
20 Book book = mongoOps.findOne(query, Book.class);
21 }
22 }

36. . DBRef Document 輸出結果(雙向)

37. . DBRef Document 表示方式(單向)
1 @Document(collection="books")
2 public class Book implements Serializable {
3 @Id
4 private BigInteger bookId;
5 private String title;
6 @DBRef
7 private Publisher publisher;
8 }
1 @Document(collection="publishers")
2 public class Publisher implements Serializable {
3 @Id
4 private String publisherId;
5 private String publisherName;
6 }

38. . DBRef Document Client 端(單向)
1 public class OneWayBookManager {
2 public static void main(String[] args) {
3 MongoOperations mongoOps = MongoDBUtils.getMongoTemplate();
4 mongoOps.dropCollection("publishers");
5 mongoOps.dropCollection("books");
6
7 Publisher publisher = new Publisher("OA", "O'Reilly & Associates");
8 mongoOps.insert(publisher);
9
10 Book book1 = new Book("MongoDB: The Definitive Guide", publisher);
11 Book book2 = new Book("MongoDB技術手冊", publisher);
12 mongoOps.insert(book1);
13 mongoOps.insert(book2);
14
15 Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("title").regex(".*Mongo.*"));
16 Book book = mongoOps.findOne(query, Book.class);
17 System.out.print("Publisher = ");
18 System.out.println(book.getPublisher().getPublisherName());
19 }
20 }

39. . DBRef Document 輸出結果(單向)

40. ㈾策會教研所 ㈾訊技術訓練㆗心
. http://www.iiiedu.org.tw/taipei