Safety. It doesn’t spring to mind when considering how to delight customers, improve quality, increase profits, innovate and win in the marketplace. Yet safety allowed Alcoa, a 100-year-old aluminum giant, to regain its mojo after years of struggle. By empowering workers to make their workplace and products inherently safer, injury rates declined steadily, quality improved, innovation flourished and profits soared. Most high tech companies don’t value safety. Developers routinely experience crushing complexity, schedule stress, outage ordeals and other injuries, while users sustain bug bruises, feature frustration, setup suffering and more. Tech safety is here to change that. It is a driving value that improves life by removing what harms us. It empowers us to find, remove or reduce hazards and injuries in our processes, codebases, workplaces, relationships, strategies, products and services. Tech safety is an unexpected pathway to excellence.

1. #1e5d91
Joshua Kerievsky
CEO, Industrial Logic
IndustrialLogic.com
@JoshuaKerievsky
Leading
With
Tech
Safety
An
Unexpected
Pathway
To
Excellence

2. Joshua Kerievsky, CEO @JoshuaKerievsky

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Injuries
Impede
Our
Ability
to
Excel

7. #1e5d91

8. #1e5d91
Normalization
of Deviance

9. #1e5d91
“People become so much accustomed
to a deviant behavior that they don’t
consider it as deviant, despite the fact
that they far exceed their own rules
for elementary safety.”
Diane
Vaughan
Sociologist,
Columbia
University

10. #1e5d91
Anyone?

11. #1e5d91
Feature Usage?

12. #1e5d91

13. #1e5d91
Maslow’s
Hierarchy
of Needs

14. #1e5d91
Maslow’s
Hierarchy
of Needs

15. #1e5d91
Extreme
Programming
Agile Scrum Kanban
Lean
Methods Lean
Startup

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Strength.
Lightness.
Beauty.
Seamlessly
integrated.
MacBook
Pro’s
Unibody

18. #1e5d91

19. #1e5d91

20. #1e5d91
Paul O’Neill,
ALCOA CEO 1987

21. #1e5d91
•Economics
educaGon
Paul O’Neill,
ALCOA CEO 1987

22. #1e5d91
•Economics
educaGon
•Engineering
&
operaGons
research
Paul O’Neill,
ALCOA CEO 1987

23. #1e5d91
•Economics
educaGon
•Engineering
&
operaGons
research
•Programmed
soIware
for
Veterans
AdministraGon
Paul O’Neill,
ALCOA CEO 1987

24. #1e5d91
•Economics
educaGon
•Engineering
&
operaGons
research
•Programmed
soIware
for
Veterans
AdministraGon
•Served
On
ALCOA
Board
For
1
Year
Paul O’Neill,
ALCOA CEO 1987

25. #1e5d91
Paul O’Neill
Photo:
REUTERS/Tony
GenDle

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“I
intend
to
make
ALCOA
the
safest
company
in
America.
I
intend
to
go
for
zero
injuries.”
Paul O’Neill
Photo:
REUTERS/Tony
GenDle

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SELL!!!

29. #1e5d91
“It
was
literally
the
worst
piece
of
advice
I
gave
in
my
enGre
career.”
SELL!!!

30. #1e5d91
ALCOA
Revenue
(in
Billions)
1987-­‐2012

31. #1e5d91
Graph
courtesy
of
William
O’Rourke,
top
Safety
Director
under
3
ALCOA
CEOs

32. #1e5d91
“From
this
day
forward,
we
will
not
budget
things
that
need
to
be
done
to
improve
safety
condiGons.”

33. #1e5d91
Workplace
Injury?
Report
it
within
24
hours.
CEO
Presidents
Vice
Presidents
.
.
.
Plant
Manager
.
.
.
Plant
Worker
What
happened?
How
will
it
never
occur
again?

34. #1e5d91
“Accidents
and
injuries
are
not
the
natural
price
to
pay
for
meeGng
goals.

35. #1e5d91
“Accidents
and
injuries
are
not
the
natural
price
to
pay
for
meeGng
goals.
ProducGvity
does
not
necessitate
danger.”

36. #1e5d91
“Some
habits
have
more
power
than
others...
[they]
seem
to
unlock
all
these
other
changes
and
set
off
a
chain
reacDon.”
–
Charles
Duehigg,
The
Power
of
Habit
Keystone
Habits

37. #1e5d91
“Some
habits
have
more
power
than
others...
[they]
seem
to
unlock
all
these
other
changes
and
set
off
a
chain
reacDon.”
–
Charles
Duehigg,
The
Power
of
Habit
Keystone
Habits

38. #1e5d91
“Some
habits
have
more
power
than
others...
[they]
seem
to
unlock
all
these
other
changes
and
set
off
a
chain
reacDon.”
–
Charles
Duehigg,
The
Power
of
Habit
Keystone
Habits

39. #1e5d91
“Some
habits
have
more
power
than
others...
[they]
seem
to
unlock
all
these
other
changes
and
set
off
a
chain
reacDon.”
–
Charles
Duehigg,
The
Power
of
Habit
Keystone
Habits

40. #1e5d91
Safety

41. #1e5d91
Safety
Empowerment

42. #1e5d91
Safety
Empowerment Understanding

43. #1e5d91
Safety
Improvement
Empowerment Understanding

44. #1e5d91
Safety
Improvement
Empowerment Understanding
Quality

45. #1e5d91
Safety
Improvement
Empowerment Understanding
Quality InnovaGon

46. #1e5d91
Safety
Improvement
Empowerment Understanding
Quality InnovaGon Well-­‐Being

47. #1e5d91
Safety
Improvement
Empowerment Understanding
Quality InnovaGon Well-­‐Being
Profit

48. #1e5d91
William
O’Rourke
Vice
President,
Sustainability
and
Environment,
Health
&
Safety
for
Alcoa.
“When
I
went
to
run
Alcoa-­‐Russia,
I
led
with
safety.”
• The
2
plants
acquired
by
ALCOA
in
2005
averaged
5
fataliDes
per
year
for
50
years.
• First
calendar
year
(2006)
under
ALCOA,
there
were
ZERO
fataliDes.
• Within
the
last
5
years,
there
have
been
ZERO
fataliDes.

49. #1e5d91

50. #1e5d91

51. #1e5d91
Outage
Ordeal

52. #1e5d91
A graphic
representation of
all possible
sequences of events
that could result in
an incident.
Originally
developed
in
1962
at
Bell
Labs,
FTA
is
used
in
Failure
Analysis
and
is
considered
to
be
a
part
of
reliability
engineering.
Fault Tree Analysis

53. #1e5d91
Students(Can’t(Access(Service(
New(Produc5on(
Server(
Ok(To(Toggle((
Test(Passes(
Immune(System(
Fails(
No(Auto?(
Rollback(
No(SMS(
No(Policy(
Non?Standard(
Tomcat(Runner(
Nginx(Points(
To(Down(
Service(
Non?Standard(
Java(Version( JRE(Crash(
No(Policy(
And$
And$ And$ And$
Fault Tree Analysis of Downtime

54. #1e5d91
“Injuries
are
oIen
the
result
of
different
combinaGons
of
unsafe
condiGons
and
unsafe
behavior.”
-­‐
Linda
Merton,
safety
and
hygiene
manager
at
Alcoa's
Mission
Valley
Works

55. #1e5d91
Production Local
Tomcat 6 Tomcat 7
MySQL 5.5.9
Case Sensitive
MySQL 6.1
Case Insensitive
JRE version (box 1): 6
JRE version (box 2): 7
JREVersion 6
Differences
in
producGon
and
local
environments
are
oIen
the
source
of
producGon
problems

56. #1e5d91

57. #1e5d91
Understanding Our
Infrastructure

58. #1e5d91
“Safety
requires
comprehensive
understanding
of
processes.”

59. #1e5d91
“Safety
requires
comprehensive
understanding
of
processes.”
“Understanding
leads
to
bejer,
more
producGve
plants.”

60. #1e5d91
Jun
16,
2010
8:56:42
AM
com.industriallogic.shared.acGon.AcGonProcessorServlet
processRequest
SEVERE:
null
java.lang.NullPointerExcepGon
at
com.industriallogic.acGon.ScreencastDownloadAcGon.moviePathFor(ScreencastDownloadAcGon.java:73)
at
com.industriallogic.acGon.ScreencastDownloadAcGon.screencastFileNameFor(ScreencastDownloadAcGon.java:53)
at
com.industriallogic.acGon.ScreencastDownloadAcGon.process(ScreencastDownloadAcGon.java:21)
at
com.industriallogic.shared.acGon.AcGon.processWith(AcGon.java:32)
at
com.industriallogic.shared.acGon.AcGonProcessor.processWith(AcGonProcessor.java:19)
at
com.industriallogic.shared.acGon.AcGonProcessorServlet.processRequest(AcGonProcessorServlet.java:61)
at
com.industriallogic.shared.acGon.AcGonProcessorServlet.doGet(AcGonProcessorServlet.java:49)
ScreencastDownloadAction.java
Exceptions In Our Code

61. #1e5d91
Visualizing Hazardous Code
private
boolean
movieExistsFor(String
pathToMovie)
{
return
new
File(pathToMovie).exists();
}
private
String
moviePathFor(String
acDvity,
String
screencastFileName,
Language
devLanguage)
{
return
screencastPath
+
"/"
+
acDvity
+
"/"
+
devLanguage.key
+
"/"
+
screencastFileName;
}
237
ProducDon
ExcepDons

62. #1e5d91

63. #1e5d91
Alteration
Anxiety

64. #1e5d91
Spending
40
minutes
fixing
compilaGon
errors
is
unsafe.

65. #1e5d91
CyclomaGc
Complexity
in
Cruise
Control
code
base

66. #1e5d91
Visualize Unsafe Code

67. #1e5d91

68. #1e5d91

69. #1e5d91

70. #1e5d91

71. #1e5d91
Are
you
actually
implemenGng
Test-­‐Driven
Development?

72. #1e5d91
“It
takes
10
minutes
to
go
through
the
lockout
and
tagout
procedure.
It's
a
pain
in
the
neck,
and
all
for
a
repair
that
will
take
five
seconds..”
-­‐
ALCOA
worker
with
20+
years
experience

73. #1e5d91

74. #1e5d91
Brain
Hernia

75. #1e5d91public List keysOfCompletedPagesFor(UserProfile user, String albumId, Language devLanguage) {
String sql = "select pageStats.elementKey from PageCompletionStatus page " +
"join AlbumStatistics albumStats on (albumStats.albumId = page.albumId and albumStats.devLanguage = page.devLanguage) " +
"join TrackStatistics trackStats on (trackStats.albumStatistics_id = albumStats.id) " +
"join PageStatistics pageStats on (pageStats.trackStatistics_id = trackStats.id and page.elementKey = pageStats.elementKey) " +
"where page.user_id = :userId " +
"and page.albumId = :albumId " +
"and page.devLanguage = :devLanguage ";
Session session = getSession();
final SQLQuery query = session.createSQLQuery(sql);
query.setLong"userId", user.getId());
query.setString("albumId", albumId);
query.setString("devLanguage", devLanguage.key);
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
List result = query.list();
session.close();
return result;
}
public
List
uniqueIdsFor(ViewableAlbum
viewableAlbum,
UserProfile
userProfile,
CompletionStatusRepository
repository)
{
List
keys
=
repository.keysOfCompletedPagesFor(userProfile,
viewableAlbum.getId(),
viewableAlbum.getDevLanguageEnum());
Listids
=
new
ArrayList();
for
(String
key
:
keys)
{
String
path
=
getPagePathFor(key);
Page
page
=
viewableAlbum.getAlbum().getPage(path);
ids.add(page.getUniqueId());
}
return
ids;
}
Before

76. #1e5d91
public
List
uniqueIdsFor(ViewableAlbum
viewableAlbum,
UserProfile
userProfile,
CompletionStatusRepository
repository)
{
Language
albumLanguage
=
viewableAlbum.getDevLanguageEnum();
List
ids
=
new
ArrayList();
for
(Page
page
:
viewableAlbum.getAlbum().getPages())
if
(repository.isPageCompleteFor(userProfile,
findSourceAlbumIdFor(page.getKey()),
page.getKey(),
albumLanguage))
ids.add(page.getUniqueId());
return
ids;
}
After

77. #1e5d91

78. #1e5d91
Antique
Agony

79. #1e5d91

80. #1e5d91

81. #1e5d91
Browser
Bruise

82. #1e5d91

83. #1e5d91
Release #
Development
Time
(months)
Readying
Time
(months)
Total Time
(months)
5.0 6 6 12
5.1 7 8 15
5.2 4 7 11

84. #1e5d91
Release #
Development
Time
(months)
Readying
Time
(months)
Total Time
(months)
5.0 6 6 12
5.1 7 8 15
5.2 4 7 11
Schedule
Stress

85. #1e5d91

86. #1e5d91
Merge
Misery

87. #1e5d91

88. #1e5d91
Test
failed
21
Gmes
locally
&
36
Gmes
in
dev
build
in
the
last
6
months.

89. #1e5d91

90. #1e5d91
Release
Rage

91. #1e5d91
Continuous Deployment:
Feeling Safe To Deploy Software

92. #1e5d91
•Respect
•Integrity
•CommunicaGon
•Excellence

93. #1e5d91
•Respect
•Integrity
•CommunicaGon
•Excellence

94. #1e5d91
ONE
VALUE!!
Not
2,
3,
4,
5...

95. #1e5d91
ONE
VALUE!!
Not
2,
3,
4,
5...

96. #1e5d91
Safe To Fail, Fall, or Swing

97. #1e5d91
OccupaDonal
Safety
and
Health
AdministraDon

98. #1e5d91

99. #1e5d91
Sit or
stand
Pair in
comfort

100. #1e5d91

102. Identify risky
work conditions

103. Identify risky
work conditions
Propose
improvements

104. Identify risky
work conditions
Propose
improvements
Bridge between
workers and
managers

106. #1e5d91
Today
Template
Engine
Wiki
Renderer
Hibernate Raw SQL
Custom Web Handling
Old Java Code
Old JS/HTML/Flash

107. #1e5d91
Today
Template
Engine
Wiki
Renderer
Hibernate Raw SQL
Custom Web Handling
Old Java Code
Old JS/HTML/Flash

108. #1e5d91
Today
Template
Engine
Wiki
Renderer
Hibernate Raw SQL
Custom Web Handling
Old Java Code
Old JS/HTML/Flash
Tomorrow

109. #1e5d91
Today
Template
Engine
Wiki
Renderer
Hibernate Raw SQL
Custom Web Handling
Old Java Code
Old JS/HTML/Flash
Tomorrow
Composer
Wiki Renderer
Template Engine
Old
Java
CodeTemplate Engine

110. #1e5d91
Today
Template
Engine
Wiki
Renderer
Hibernate Raw SQL
Custom Web Handling
Old Java Code
Old JS/HTML/Flash
Tomorrow
Composer
Wiki Renderer
Template Engine
Old
Java
CodeTemplate Engine
Player
New JS/HTML
Web Framework
Persistence
Some
Good
Lang

111. #1e5d91
Fast
Slow
Risky Safe

112. #1e5d91
So How Do I Do It?

113. #1e5d91
So How Do I Do It?
TechSafety
Value the safety
of the people
doing the work.

114. #1e5d91
So How Do I Do It?
TechSafety
Value the safety
of the people
doing the work.
Excellence
Habits of
excellence emerge.

115. #1e5d91
So How Do I Do It?
TechSafety
Value the safety
of the people
doing the work.
Profits
Remain focused on
safety & habits of
excellence.
Happy
customers and
profits follow.
Excellence
Habits of
excellence emerge.

116. #1e5d91
Q+A
An
Unexpected
Pathway
To
Excellence