A student-produced presentation for the first year seminar "A Call to Action," led by Ellen Hill.

1. Oceanic Deprivation By Morgan, Aly, Chad, and Alisha

3. 40% of the worlds coral will be dead from coral bleaching by 2010.

4. Found along islands and live in nutrient poor water.

5. More than 1,000 different species thrive in coral reef.

6. If coral bleaching doesn’t slow down it will completely die out in 1-3 decades

7. They have an extremely high biodiversity and productivity.

8. Reasons for Coral Bleaching: 1.)Temperature 2.) UV Radiation 3.) Atmosphere Exposure 4.)Sedimentation 5.) Freshwater dilution.

10. Coral from Space

11. Normal vs. Bleached

12. Global Warming Definition: Depletion of the ozone layer and warming of the planet. Causes: Factories, Trucks/Cars, Deforestation, ect. They admit chlorine through industrial produced CFC’s of gas. Raises temperature within the atmosphere and lets in ultraviolet rays from the sun. CO2,CH4, CFC, NO cause infrared rays to get trapped in the atmosphere.

13. Consequences of Global Warming Ultraviolet rays that reach Earths surface cause coral bleaching. The temperature increase causes coral bleaching.- As little of an increase of 1 degree Celsius can cause coral bleaching. 1,000 species could potentially lose their home. Ice is melting- Polar bears have little habitat and a great loss of hunting grounds. Heat exhaustion is affecting them also. - They will go extinct within the wild within the next few decades.

14. HELP!!!!!!!

16. The Government of the United States must take ACTION!

17. People Must Take ACTION!

18. Live more sustainably.

19. Shut off lights and electronics when not used.

20. Use clothes line instead of dryer.

21. Shut off water when not in use.

22. RECYCLE

23. Plant trees

24. Car pool

26. Pollution Chain 80 % of marine pollution comes from land based activities. Pollution deposits in the waters and estuaries Build up there concentrations, become toxic Become part of marine food chain Don’t care till human casualties

27. Where Else Does It Go Doesn’t stop and stay in water Many currents take it for a ride Wind moves rubbish around real good Washes ashore on coast line Pollutes land to the sea, and back to the land Never ending battle with an enemy that cant quit without human action

28. Major Pollutants

29. OIL

30. Where does it come from Only 2 % of hydro carbon pollution comes from tanker accident 11% is from natural sources (tar-sands, oil seeps) 13% comes from the atmosphere 24% comes from all forms of transport 50% comes from drains and rivers leading into the sea - US National Science Foundation

31. Seems small Tankers accidents may only be 2% But in 1967 - Torrey Canyon ran aground off the English channel - 106,000 tons of oil - smallest of tanker accident, 2% is not small

32. A Very Big Accident http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G1U-iWUPOYA

33. Exxon Valdez 20,000 barrels an hour 256,000 gallons afternoon 11 million gallons Biggest Tanker Accident to happen on American waters

35. Connecticut, Rhode Island, and 25 Washington DC’s

36. Week goes, currents and winds take over

37. Pushes 90 miles from site into Alaskan Gulf

38. 600 miles away

44. Cleanup

45. Recovery in Prince William Sound? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MbjC9SMKClE

46. Seems Big Exxon Valdez horrible accident 1980 Norwuz Field Spill - Arabia 80 Million Gallons 1992 Fergana Valley Spill - Uzbekistan 80 Million Gallons

49. Other forms of major pollution Nuclear/Radioactive waste Sewage Munitions disposal

51. Main fights: Over fishing and Runoff Pollution

53. OVERFISHING 75% of Marine environment has been overfished. Without laws to protect the fish population from being overfished, 950 million people will lose their main source of protein. Could cause us to lose large numbers of species and/or biodiversity within the ecosystem of the ocean. Once you have affected the population of fish, you affect other species by depleting their food source and the ecosystems cycle of life.

54. Pollution and Littering Runoff- Septic tanks, car fuels, boats, chemicals from farms and ranches. Littering- Garbage bags, balloons, plastic, cigarette filters. OIL SPILLS!