2. BRUSHING TECHNIQUES
THE BASS OR SULCUS CLEANING METHOD.
MODIFIED BASS TECHNIQUE.
MODIFIED STILLMANN’S TECHNIQUE.
FONES OR CIRCULAR OR SCRUB METHOD.
VERTICAL OR LEONARD’S METHOD.
CHARTER’S METHOD.
SCRUB BRUSH METHOD.
THE ROLL TECHNIQUE.
PHYSIOLOGIC OR SMITH METHOD
3. BASS OR SULCUS CLEANING METHOD
Mostly accepted and effective method for the removal of dental
plaque present adjacent to and underneath the gingival margin.
INDICATIONS
Adaptable for:
I. interproximal areas
II. cervical areas beneath the height of contour of enamel
III. exposed root surfaces.
4. TECHNIQUE:
The bristles are placed at a 45 angle to the
gingiva and moved in small circular motions.
Strokes are repeated around 20 times,3
teeth at a time.
On the lingual aspect of the anterior
teeth,the brush is pressed into the gingival
sulci and proximal surfaces at a 45 angle.
The britles are then activated.
Occlusal surfaces are cleaned by pressing
the bristles firmly and then activating the
bristles.
5. ADVANTAGE:
Effective method for removing plaque.
Provides good gingival stimulation.
DISADVANTAGE:
cause injury to the gingival margin.
Time consuming.
6. MODIFIED BASS TECHNIQUE
Differs from bass technique in that it has sweeping motion from
cervical to incisal or occlusal surface.
INDICATION:
As a routine oral hygiene measure intrasulcular cleansing.
ADAVANTAGE
excellent sulcus cleaning.
good inter proximal and gingival cleaning.
good gingival stimulation
DISADVANTAGE
dexterity
8. THE STILLMAN’S METHOD
Like the Bass Method
the filaments are placed
at a 45° angle to the
tooth.
Unlike the Bass Method
the filaments are placed
half in the sulcus and
half on the gingiva.
The same stroke is used
as the Bass.
9. CHARTER’S METHOD
INDICATIONS:
persons having :
I. missing papilla and exposed root surfaces.
II. FPD and orthodontic appliances.
III. periodontal surgery.
IV. interproximal gingival recession.
10. THE CHARTER’S METHOD
Position the filaments toward
the chewing surface of the
tooth
Place the sides of the filaments
against the enamel and angle
them at a 45° to the tooth.
Vibrate the filaments gently but
firmly, keeping the filaments
against the tooth.
Reposition on the next set of
teeth.
11. ADVANTAGE:
Massage and stimulation of gingiva.
DISADVANTAGES :
Poor removal of subgingival bacterial accumulations.
Limited brush placement.
Requirements in digital dexterity are high.
12. The Roll Method
Direct the filaments toward the root of the
tooth.
Place side of the brush on the gingiva
and have the plastic part of the brush
even with the tooth.
When the plastic portion is even with the
tooth press the filaments against the
gingiva and roll the brush over the teeth.
The wrist is turned slightly and the
filaments follow the contours of the teeth.
13. SCRUB BRUSH METHOD
Requires vigorous horizontal ,
vertical & circular motion
DISADVANTAGES
Not very effective at plaque
control
Tooth abrasion and gingival
recession
14. VERTICAL / LEONARD’S METHOD
Vertical stroke is used
Maxillary and mandibular teeth
are brushed separately.
Bristles of brush are placed at
90° to the facial surface of
teeth.
Brush vigorously without great
pressure mostly up and down
strokes
15. ADVANTAGE
most convenient and effective for small children with
deciduous teeth
DISADVANTAGES
interdental space of permanent teeth of adult are not
properly cleaned.
16. PHYSIOLOGIC/SMITH METHOD
Based on the principle that toothbrush should follow the
physiologic pathway that is followed by the food when it
traverses over the tissue during mastication
Bristles are pointed incisally or occlusally and then moved
along and over the tooth surface and gingiva.
17. ADVANTAGE
natural self cleansing mechanism
supragingival cleaning is good
DISADVANTAGE
interdental spaces and sulcular areas of teeth are not
properly cleaned
19. METHOD:
Place the toothbrush on a set
of teeth, then activate the
bristle by slightly pressing them
over the teeth.
Give circular motion 4 -5
times on each set of the teeth
Move on to the next set of
teeth
